Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration (BMRE)
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Interpretation of satellite gravity anomalies with pseudo-depth slicing method filter in Türkiye
No full textIn this study, discontinuities and major tectonic boundaries are interpreted in and around Türkiye by Bouguer gravity anomaly. The World Gravity Map 2012 is used for the interpretation of major tectonic features in the Anatolia Region. Radial average power spectrum (RAPS) and band-pass filter are used for long and short wavelength separation. For the whole study area, four depth segments are detected. Moreover, the radial average depths of these depth segments are 54.9 km, 32.2 km, 21.9 km and 8.0 km. In order to conduct better interpretation, the study area was divided into three subareas from the west to the east (area 1 to area 3). In area 1 (41.4 km, 21.2 km and 7.8 km) and area 2 (48.1 km, 20.0 km and 6.6 km), three depth sources are detected. Furthermore, four various depth segments are analysed in area 3 (54.3 km, 29.8 km, 20.8 km and 8.6 km). The interpretation of the whole study area, area 1, area 2 and area 3 showed that depth of the sediment accumulation in the Western Anatolia is estimated as 7.8 km
Coulomb stress changes and magnitude-frequency distribution for Lake Van region
No full textThe tectonic structure of Türkiye is under the influence of Arabian, Eurasian, African, and Anatolian plates. Lake Van region, located in eastern Türkiye, has been exposed to many devastating earthquakes in historical and instrumental periods. In this paper, using regional earthquakes, the tectonic stress variation of Lake Van region was investigated using the Coulomb stress change and the b-value distribution. 83 earthquakes that occurred between 2000 and 2020 are used to calculate the Coulomb stress change, while 17815 earthquakes that occurred between 1903 and 2021 are used to calculate the b-value distribution. Coulomb stress change gives an idea about the transfer of energy to nearby faults. Coulomb stress change and b-value distribution maps were created at different depths to model the variation of stress. The low b-values and positive Coulomb stress values were especially observed around the Van and Yeniköşk faults. On the contrary, no significant variation in stress change was observed around Süphan and Nemrut volcanoes, and high b-values were calculated in this region. Coulomb stress change and earthquake epicentral distribution are compatible and most events occurred in positive stress regions. In conclusion, stress change and b-value distribution were interpreted together and positive stress regions were revealed in the region
Relationship of ore properties and alteration of the Büyük Kuluncak (Malatya) Nb - U - NTE - Zr - Li deposit
No full textRare Earth Elements (REE) + Niobium (Nb) + Uranium (U) + Zircon (Zr) + Lithium (Li) formations are investigated which are related with alkaline Upper Cretaceous - Lower Paleocene Kuluncak Syenitoid that settled by cutting the Kuluncak ophiolite in the north of Kuluncak (Malatya) town. The alkaline magma-related Büyük Kuluncak REE - Nb - U deposit, which is enriched with regard to rare metals (Nb, Zr, and Rb), is the first economic deposit of our country. The deposit formed related to alkaline characterized foid syenite, sodalite syenite, syenite, alkaline feldspar syenite rocks which intruded into Triassic - Lower Cretaceous limestones of the Domuzdağı Nappe. The REE and fluorites with related elements formed in magmatic rocks, the contact zone of these rocks with limestones, in pegmatitic intrusions and in fluorites formed with the effect of the contact metasomatism. The purpose of this study is to interpret ore properties and the alteration grade of the rocks which formed the deposit. The REE are enriched in argillized and highly argillized samples.However, the REE composition of fresh samples are relatively low. Therefore, the REE are enriched twice or three times due to the effects of alteration and argillization of the hydrothermal fluids in the parent rock and contact metasomatism and alterations that occur both syn- and post-emplacement of syenite. https://doi.org/10.19111/bulletinofmre.97362
Investigation of dissolution behavior of scandium and lithium from red mud
No full textIn this study, scandium and lithium extractions were investigated using the atmospheric pressure agitation leaching method at acidic medium. The leaching tests were carried out at two stages. To remove the ionic impurities such as Na and Al first stage leaching was performed at relatively higher pH. Following solid-liquid separation of leach cake of the first stage leaching, it was subjected to the second stage leaching. The second stage leaching resulted in 95.1% Sc and 94.7% Li extractions. The overall Sc and Li recoveries were determined as 82.4% and 86.5%, respectively. Regarding the kinetic studies, it was understood that scandium and lithium leaching processes were controlled by a combination of chemical reaction and ash diffusion models. In this case, the activation energies were determined as 29.52 and 30.22 kJmol-1, respectively for scandium and lithium. As a result, while direct H2SO4 leaching of red mud is a challenge due to physical and chemical problems, an alternative solution was suggested using H2SO4 even at high solids ratios. https://doi.org/10.19111/bulletinofmre.94107
A new paradigm for the future of archaeometallurgy in Anatolia: review of Thai archaeology monograph series (TAM)
No full textThis article reviews the Ban Chiang, Northeast Thailand, Volumes 2A, 2B, and 2C edited by Joyce C. White and Elizabeth G. Hamilton with the aim of bringing a new perspective to the understanding of archaeometallurgy in Anatolia. Regardless of specific subject focus such as geology, geomorphology, archaeology, or anthropology, any scholar interested in the field of archaeometallurgy will find a comparanda of their research in the Thai archaeology monograph volumes. White and Hamilton suggest a new paradigm favoring diversity and an anthropological technology-driven model for archaeometallurgical research, which I believe presents an excellent case to change and revise the presumptions of scholars studying metals’ role in ancient Anatolia. https://doi.org/10.19111/bulletinofmre.99006
Some thoughts on the morphotectonic development of the Denizli region
No full textThe Denizli region is located to the east of the Buldan Horst. Although they follow the same trends as the Büyük Menderes and Gediz grabens, the Denizli region has undergone semi-independent evolution during the Quaternary. The essential morphotectonic elements of the area are the Denizli Basin and the surrounding Babadağ and the Güzelpınar Horsts. The Babadağ Horst is the most distinct morphotectonic element of the region. It is bounded in the north by the Denizli fault, a listric normal fault, and possibly a major detachment fault. The Laodicea and Güzelpınar Horsts located within the downthrown block of the fault may be regarded as antithetic structures. https://doi.org/10.19111/bulletinofmre.114667
Assessment of crustal thinning and tectonic stress distribution of Gülbahçe fault zone and its surroundings (İzmir, West Türkiye) using gravity and magnetic anomalies
No full textGülbahçe Fault Zone (GFZ) is a significant tectonic structure and seismic source for İzmir city and its surroundings. The major earthquakes occurred at the surroundings of GFZ are 2005 Seferihisar, 2020 Samos Island-Aegean Sea and 2021 Seferihisar earthquakes. In this study, the crustal thinning and tectonic stress distribution of GFZ and its surroundings were analyzed by using the new gravity and magnetic data. The correspondence analysis was applied by appraising together the magnetic and free-air anomaly data. Moreover, the average density of the subsurface structure was calculated by applying the Parasnis method. The deviatoric stress calculation was executed and the change of the physical properties that controls the gravity and magnetic anomaly of the crustal structure of the GFZ and its surroundings from north to south was investigated. Therefore, the average density values, which were obtained from gravity anomalies, were computed as 2.59 gr/cm3 in the north of the study region and it decreased to 2.06, 1.8 and 1.49 gr/cm3 towards to the south. The freeair gravity anomaly values were between 0-70 mGal and the magnetic anomalies were between -450-150 nT. The deviatoric stress values were between -0.2-0.1 MPa. https://doi.org/10.19111/bulletinofmre.102926
Efficiency of singularity and PCA mapping of mineralization-related geochemical anomalies: a comparative study using BLEG and \u3c180μm stream sediment geochemical data
No full textIn gold (Au) exploration, the analysis of both bulk leach extractable gold (BLEG) and acid-extractable Au in the \u3c180μm stream sediment fraction are the two most common approaches. The Eskişehir- Sivrihisar region in Western Türkiye hosts several orogenic type mineral deposits. The purpose of this study is to delineate geochemical anomalies of ore-related elements and track their dispersion, which may lead to discovery of unknown ore deposits. This research also compares the capability of conventional statistical and principal component analysis (PCA), with concentration area (C-A) and number-size/concentration (N-S/C) fractal methods as well as singularity index method to differentiate anomalous and background Au distributions. Known Au mineralization in the region of interest is strongly reflected in stream sediment BLEG Au patterns, which have robust singularity indices with C-A and N-S multifractal modeling and PCA. A hundred % of the Au deposits were detected using either BLEG Au and Ag singularity index mapping with C-A fractal analysis whereas the factor analysis of which revealed 85% efficiency. Several strong Au-Ag anomalies defined by the singularity index and factor analysis in this study requires further follow up for the discovery of new deposits
Analysis of the stress distribution of North Anatolian Fault Zone for the part between Amasya-Tokat cities
No full textTectonic forces formed in the continental crust, cause permanent changes in stress, compression and deformation. The amplitudes of earthquake waves vary with the stress/strain distribution in the crust. In this study, the change of stress / strain and regional absorption coefficient, which is effective in tectonic forces caused by elastic deformation energy accumulating in the brittle crust over time, was investigated. The study area is the middle part of the North Anatolian Fault Zone and the area formed by Ezinepazarı fault zone and Merzifon fault zone. In this area, Coulomb stress analysis was carried out by using the focal mechanism solution values of the earthquake that occurred in Yoldere-Erbaa, Tokat on October 9, 2015 (ML=5.1). In order to examine the deformation caused by this earthquake in and around the study area, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data were evaluated and the velocities of these stations were calculated using GNSS data of these stations for the years 2013-2014-2015-2016. Also, regional absorption coefficients were determined by using earthquake data. As a result, Coulomb stress analysis results, velocity values distribution obtained from GNSS data and absorption findings obtained from seismological study were evaluated together. https://doi.org/10.19111/bulletinofmre.102232
A comparison of ion-exchange resins and activated carbon in recovering gold from cyanide leach solutions with low levels of copper
No full textThis study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of three different adsorbents for the adsorption of gold from a real cyanide leach liquor. An activated carbon (NORIT GAC 1240), strong base (Purogold A194), and weak base (Purogold S992) resins were tested as the adsorbents. The pregnant leach solution (PLS) was derived from cyanide leaching (1.5 g/L NaCN, 25% w/w solids ratio, 1.5 L/min air flow rate, pH 10.5 – 11, 24 h) of the roasted copper-rich refractory gold ore pretreated with H2SO4. Gold and copper concentrations in the PLS were analysed to be 26.1 mg/L Au and 62.4 mg/L Cu, respectively. Activated carbon was found to be the best performing adsorbent as it achieved the highest gold loading. Purogold A194 loaded the highest amount of copper amongst the adsorbents tested. Despite the fact that activated carbon loaded a high amount of gold, it was less selective than Purogold S992. Purogold A194 exhibited the lowest selectivity, which was defined as the distribution ratio of gold to copper, compared with Purogold S992 and activated carbon. Therefore, the order of selectivity of the adsorbents tested was as follows: Purogold S992 \u3e Activated carbon \u3e Purogold A194