Biomedicine (Journal)
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The effect of nigella\u3ci\u3esativa\u3c/i\u3eoil on the prevention of phlebitis induced by chemotherapy: a clinical trial
No full textIntroduction: Phlebitis, that disrupts chemotherapy, is the inflammation of the vein and the most common complication of intravenous injection of chemotherapy drugs.
Aim: the aim was determine the effect of topical application of N.sativaoil on the prevention of phlebitis caused by chemotherapy.
Methods: This single-blind clinical trial was conducted on 60 cancer patients. In the intervention group, five drops of N.sativaoil was applied on the distal area of the catheter, two times per day and every 12 hours from the first day of chemotherapy to the third day; no intervention was conducted for the subjects in the control group.
Results: Results showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups at 60 and 72 hours in regard with incidence of phlebitis. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups at 12 and 72 hours in terms of severity (degree) of phlebitis.
Conclusion: topical application of N.sativaoil is effective in the prevention of chemotherapy-induced phlebitis
Integrating Natural Product Research Laboratory with artificial intelligence: advancements and breakthroughs in traditional medicine
No full textThe Natural Product Research Laboratory (NPRL) of China Medical University Hospital (CMUH) was established in collaboration with CMUH and Professor Kuo-Hsiung Lee from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. The laboratory collection features over 6,000 natural products worldwide, including pure compounds and semi-synthetic derivatives. This is the most comprehensive and fully operational natural product database in Taiwan. This review article explores the history and development of the NPRL of CMUH. We then provide an overview of the recent applications and impact of artificial intelligence (AI) in new drug discovery. Finally, we examine advanced powerful AI-tools and related software to explain how these resources can be utilized in research on large-scale drug data libraries. This article presents a drug research and development (R&D) platform that combines AI with the NPRL. We believe that this approach will reduce resource wastage and enhance the research capabilities of Taiwan\u27s academic and industrial sectors in biotechnology and pharmaceuticals
Impact and prevalence of comorbidities and complications on the severity of COVID-19 in association with age, gender, obesity, and pre-existing smoking: A meta-analysis
No full textBackground: COVID-19 patients usually present multiple comorbidities and complications associated with severe forms of SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study aimed to assess the risk factors and prevalence of comorbidities and complications contributing to the severity of COVID-19.
Methods: This meta-analysis was performed according to PRISMA guidelines. We searched various databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus (between 2020 and 2023), for eligible studies for this meta-analysis.
Results: Thirty-three studies were eligible, including 85812 patients, of which 36% (30634/85812) had severe disease, whereas 64% (55178/85812) had non-severe disease. Severe cases were potentially correlated with the following factors: gender (male) (odd ratio (OR) =1.52, 95% CI: 1.34-1.73), advanced age (OR=3.06, 95% CI: 2.18-4. 40 ) pre-existing smoking (OR =1.33, 95% CI : 1.01-1.75), obesity (OR=2.11, 95% CI : 1.47-3.04), diabetes (OR =1.81 , 95% CI : 1.35 - 2.43), hypertension (OR =2.22, 95% CI : 1. 72-2.87), coronary heart disease (OR=2.17, 95% CI: 1.42-3.31), CKD (OR =2.27, 95% CI: 1.26-4.06), COPD (OR=1.95, 95% CI: 1.22-3.09), malignancy (OR =1.63, 95% CI: 1.07-2.49) and cerebrovascular disease (OR= 2.76, 95% CI: 1.63-4.62). All these comorbidities were significantly higher in the severe COVID-19 group compared with the non-severe COVID-19 group. In addition, the most severe complications were associated with shock (OR=28.08, 95% CI: 3.49 - 226.03), ARDS (OR=13.09, 95% CI: 5.87-29.18), AKI (OR= 16.91, 95% CI: 1.87-152.45) and arrhythmia (OR=7.47, 95% CI: 2.96-18.83). However, these complications were the most likely to prevent recovery in patients with severe affections compared with non-severe affection groups.
Conclusion: All the comorbidities and complications listed above are more likely to cause severe forms of COVID-19 in some patients and hinder recovery. They are therefore risk factors to be controlled to minimize the undesirable effects of the disease
Protection of Gueichih-Fuling-Wan on cerebral ischemia-induced brain injury in rodents is mediated by trans-cinnamaldehyde via inhibition of neuroinflammation and apoptosis
No full textBackground: Stroke is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, and an effective therapeutic strategy for the prevention of patients with cerebral ischemiainduced brain injury is lacking. Traditional Chinese medicine with neuroprotective activities might be beneficial and provide alternative therapeutic opportunities for cerebral ischemia.Purposes: This study aimed to evaluate the neuroprotection and possible mechanisms of Gueichih-Fuling-Wan (GFW), its’ constitutive herbs, and their active compounds on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced brain injury in rodents.Methods: Various doses of extracts (0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 g/kg) of GFW and five constituent herbs (Cinnamomi Cortex, CC; Poria cocos, PC; Paeonia lactifloa, PL; Paeonia suffruticosa, PS and Prunus perisica, PP) were orally administered. Different doses of active compounds (0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/kg) of GFW such as cinnamaldehyde, cinnamic acid (from CC), paeoniflorin (from PL), and paeonol (from PS) were intraperitoneally administered. Their effects on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced brain injury in rodents were evaluated.Results: GFW, its’ constituent herbs, and the active compounds reduced the infarct area dose-dependently (***
Effect of Inulin from Dahlia Tubers (Dahlia variabilis) Extract on Insulitis Severity and Insulin Expression in Diabetic Rats
No full textBackground: Dahlia (Dahlia variabilis), a widely cultivated ornamental plant in Indonesia, is known to contain 84.08% inulin in its tubers. Numerous studies have demonstrated the antidiabetic potential of inulin from various plant sources. However, most of the research is in the form of a mixture of inulin with other active substances, and no one has analyzed the effects of inulin derived from dahlia tubers. This study examines the effect of inulin from dahlia tuber extract on blood glucose levels, serum insulin expression, pancreatic tissue insulin expression, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and the extent of insulitis in diabetic rats.
Methods: In this experimental study, 20 male Wistar rats were randomly allocated to five groups. Group I served as the control, Group II as the STZ-induced diabetic group, Group III as the STZ-induced diabetic group treated with inulin (0.5 g/kgBW), Group IV as the STZinduced diabetic group treated with inulin (1.0 g/kgBW), and Group V as the STZ-induced diabetic group treated with inulin (1.5 g/kgBW). The inulin was administered for 21 days. The degree of insulitis was evaluated using a scoring system, serum insulin concentration via ELISA, and insulin expression in the pancreas through immunohistochemistry.
Results: Administration of inulin from dahlia tubers significantly reduced serum glucose concentrations in diabetic rats. Notably, only inulin extracts at doses of 1 g/kgBW and 1.5 g/kgBW showed a significant reduction in insulitis and HOMA-IR index in diabetic rats, while the 0.5 g/kgBW inulin extract reduced insulitis without affecting HOMA-IR. Inulin extract administration did not affect insulin expression in serum or pancreatic tissue. Conclusions: Inulin from dahlia tuber can exert antidiabetic properties by improving insulin resistance and insulitis. These studies suggest the great potential of dahlia tubers as the source of inulin for prebiotic functional foods.
Keywords: Insulin, Diabetes Mellitus, Inulin, Dahlia Tuber
Multifocal osteolytic lesions of the skull: a primary cavernous hemangioma mimicking a neoplastic invasive lesion
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