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Joint Force Quarterly 112 (1st Quarter, January 2024)
No full texthttps://digitalcommons.ndu.edu/jfq-full-issue/1001/thumbnail.jp
The Survival Chain : Medical Support to Military Operations on the Future Battlefield
No full textThe Department of Defense Joint Trauma System (JTS) was created to provide optimal care to the wounded on a battlefield. The current National Defense Strategy anticipates future threats of large-scale combat operations (LSCO) against peer adversaries that may limit overall freedom of maneuver for medical evacuation, increase survivability risk of medical units, and limit timeliness and robustness of critical medical logistics. Thus, the JTS must continue to evolve and embrace the concept of Medical Performance Optimization (MPO) to adapt to this new operational reality
Bolstering Biosecurity Amid the Biotechnology Revolution
No full textEmerging tools now afford the ability to purposefully engineer living organisms for specific intent, enhanced by the convergence of biotechnologies with machine learning and artificial intelligence. In addition to technological advancements is the adoption and use of these capabilities by commercial industry in support of a growing “biotechnological revolution,” or “bioeconomy.” Many biotechnology innovations in the bioeconomy exist in distinct sectors from the traditional sectors of health and agriculture, which creates biosecurity challenges. This also means that biology is being engineered by individuals and entities outside traditional biological disciplines and training. These new aspects of the biotechnology landscape come with novel biosecurity risks that go beyond the scope of traditional biosecurity
CBRN Defense Readiness Reporting
No full textThis article advocates for the implementation of standardized Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear (CBRN) defense reporting metrics within military services. The need for such standardization is critical to accurately assess joint force preparedness, enabling commanders and planners to understand CBRN readiness, mitigate operational risks, and optimize training and modernization efforts. Standardized metrics will lead to better reporting, offering more insight into material readiness issues, trends, and force sustainability. Additionally, these metrics will support informed decision-making for defense investments and risk management, ensuring that forces are ready to defend national interests and respond effectively to CBRN threats
No Limits: The Inside Story of China’s War With the West
No full textNo Limits: The Inside Story of China’s War With the West is a valuable book. It is simultaneously analytical and personal. No Limits is an incisive, selective history about how the promise of China’s integration into Western economic systems and global institutions gave way to acrimony and rivalry. It also is author Andrew Small’s memoir about how his quarter-century-long iterative interactions with China evolved from hope and cautious optimism about Sino-global integration into resigned fatalism that the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) can never tolerate such a happy ending. The CCP must instead view itself as perpetual victim and implacable rival of the West
America’s New Twilight Struggle With Russia
No full textRussia’s invasion of Ukraine forced Washington to rethink its fundamental assumptions about Moscow. Every U.S. president from Bill Clinton to Joe Biden had sought some degree of engagement with Russia. As late as 2021, Biden expressed hope that Russia and the United States could arrive at “a stable, predictable relationship.” But Russia’s brutal war on Ukraine has radically altered that assessment. It is now clear that the two countries will remain antagonists for years to come. The Kremlin possesses immense disruptive global power and is willing to take great risks to advance its geopolitical agenda. Coping with Russia will demand a long-term strategy, one that echoes containment, which guided the United States through the Cold War, or what President John F. Kennedy called a “long, twilight struggle” against the Soviet Union.
More than 75 years have passed since the diplomat George Kennan first formulated that strategy in his famous “Long Telegram” from Moscow and then in Foreign Affairs under the pseudonym “X.” In his 1947 article, Kennan described containment as a political strategy reinforced by “the adroit and vigilant application of counterforce at a series of constantly shifting geographical and political points.” The goal was to avoid direct conflict with the Soviet Union while halting the spread of Soviet power
The New Makers of Modern Strategy
No full textThis book offers 45 essays that explore the evolution of strategic thinking from ancient times to today. The book is divided into five sections, each covering a different historical period. This volume brings together military history, political science, and international relations to discuss key strategic ideas and figures, from early strategic thinkers to modern-day challenges like nuclear strategy. It focuses on the importance of nation-states and their ongoing competition. It emphasizes the lasting importance of strategic thinking. The book provides valuable insights for today’s policymakers and strategists
Preventing the Nuclear Jungle: Extended Deterrence, Assurance, and Nonproliferation
No full textToday, most people do not remember a time when the United States was not allied with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), Australia, Japan, and the Republic of Korea. As these alliances span over seven decades, it is easy to take for granted that the relationships will continue as they always have into the future. The changing security landscape and the emergence of the two-peer nuclear environment will challenge extended deterrence in ways not yet well understood. This requires reexamining deterrence strategies and potentially acquiring new capabilities to effectively assure allies and close the growing “assurance gap.
Giving Our “Paper Tiger” Real Teeth: Fixing the U.S. Military’s Plans for Contested Logistics Against China
No full textThis article explores the growing concerns about the U.S. military’s ability to deter or win a conflict with China in the Western Pacific, focusing on the role of logistics in future military success. China’s advanced missile systems pose a significant threat to the U.S.\u27s traditional deployment strategies, leading the Marine Corps, Army, and Air Force to adopt dispersed operations to enhance survivability. These strategies have proven logistically unsustainable due to their high resource demands and coordination challenges. The article also highlights technological innovations, such as sea-based resupply, additive manufacturing, alternative energy sources, and AI, which offer potential logistical improvements. However, delays in implementation, limited joint integration, and reliance on complex weapons systems have reduced their effectiveness. The article argues that logistics will be the key determinant of success in any U.S.-China conflict. It calls for a joint-force approach to logistics, better alignment between combat and support cultures, and the strengthening of logistical command structures. The U.S. military must address logistical gaps now to avoid becoming a paper tiger in the face of China’s rising military power
Defending an Achilles’ Heel: Evolving Warfare in the Philippines, 1941–1945
No full textThe Pacific War during World War II provided valuable lessons in military strategy and the importance of unconventional warfare. Japan’s aggressive expansion in the 1930s and 1940s left to a major conflict with the United States over control of the Philippine Islands. Japan’s advancements in naval technology, including the largest battleships and superior night combat tactics, allowed them to invade the Philippines in December 1941. Filipino resistance against Japanese occupation grew, with various local groups using guerilla warfare tactics to fight back. These resistance movements played a crucial role in opposing Japanese forces. Intelligence operations were also vital. U.S. submarines supported the guerillas by delivering supplies and transporting personnel. The success of these submarine operations and local resistance efforts shows the importance of adapting military strategies to changing circumstances. When conventional defense was not possible, supporting local resistance proved to be an effective alternative