Yanbu Journal of Engineering and Science (YJES)
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DECISION TREE APPROACH FOR PLANTS STOPPAGE DECISION PROCESS DUE TO POWER LIMITATION CASE STUDY: STEEL COMPANY
No full textThis paper presents an approach to the design and construction of an innovative decision support system to help the top management of multi plants companies to take the optimum decision in case of power limitation to choose which plant or plants will be stopped with minimum losses. A case study is also presented for a steel company, it contains a technical study for applying the DSS concepts. This case study can be considered as a model for any multi plants company either in steel industries or else, which faces the same problem and needs a DSS to take the optimum decision. It describes the system in terms of the nature of the decision problem, discusses factors which affect the problem and considers the design goals
A THEORETICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE SCHRÖDINGER EQUATION FOR A MODIFIED TWO DIMENSIONAL PURELY SEXTIC DOUBLE-WELL POTENTIAL
No full textA theoretical analytical investigation for the exact solvability of non-relativistic quantum spectrum systems, at low energy for modified two-dimensional purely sextic double-well potential (2D-modified sextic DWAO potential) is discussed, by means Bopp\u27s shift method, instead to solving deformed Schrödinger equation with star product, in the framework of both noncommutativite two dimensional real space and phase (NC: 2D-RSP), the exact corrections for lowest excitations are found straightforwardly for interactions in one-electron atoms by means of the standard perturbation theory for three special cases. Furthermore, the obtained corrections of energies are depended on the four infinitesimals parameters (θ, χ) and (θ,σ), which are induced by position-position and momentum-momentum noncommutativity, respectively, in addition to the discreet atomic quantum numbers (j=1±1/2,s=±1/2,1) and the magnetic quantum number m. We have also → generalized our obtained results to include the other atoms with spin S ≠ 1/2
EFFECT OF NANO TiO2 ON THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF PVC CONTAINS TRIAZOLE MOIETIES
No full textOptical properties of pure and doped poly(vinyl chloride), PVC contain a triazole ring (P), with different concentration of nano titanium oxide TiO2 were studied. The films prepared by using casting technique. Spectra of transmission, absorption and reflaction were used to study the optical parameters. Different parameters such as the absorption coefficient, refractive index, extinction coefficient and energy gap were studied in the spectral range of 200-800nm. In this study we reveals that the doping of TiO2 is effected on the optical properties of PVC contain triazole ring where the transmission spectrum and energy gap values were decreases with increasing percentage. The energy gap is decreased from 5.79 to 3.24 eV. Absorption coefficient, refractive index and extinction coefficient was increased with the increase of TiO2 concentration
THEORETICAL STUDY ON THE NITRATION OF O-PHENYLENEDIAMINE BY DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY (DFT)
No full textIn this study nitration (electrophilicity) affinities were calculated at all reactive positions of O-phenylenediamine (OPDA) in aromatic substitutions (electrophilic). Structures of products were optimized at B3LYP/6-31G level of theory. This was used in order to determine the effect of substituent (-NO2) on the stability, reactivity and other properties of the O-phenylenediamine. From the calculated values of total energy, higher occupied molecular orbital (HOMO), lower unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO), energy gap (Egap), electrophilicity (0), electronegativity (x), hardness (n), softness (S) obtained, it can be inferred that 2,3,4,5-Tetranitro O-phenylenediamine is more stable and less reactive than other calculated compounds.
THE EFFECT OF NiCl2 ON THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF POLYVINYL ALCOHOL FILMS
No full textOptical properties of pure and doped polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films, prepared by using casting technique, with different Nickel Chloride concentrations have been studied. Parameters such as absorption coefficient, refractive index, extinction coefficient and infinitely high frequency dielectric constant were studied in the spectral range (350- 800) nm
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A RECTANGULAR UWB SLOT ANTENNA SINGLE-BAND NOTCHED AT 5.8 GHz
No full textIn this paper, a new ultra wideband slot antenna with single notch at 5.8 GHz is presented. This microstrip-fed UWB antenna is composed of a rectangular slot with a rectangular patch-fed coupling effect. This configuration allows optimizing the size, the performance and the characteristics. The proposed UWB-notched antenna meets the FCC bandwidth authorization. The antenna is successfully designed, implemented and measured. Good results in terms of band rejection performance and radiation stability are obtained. The voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) is less than 2.0 along the FCC bandwidth 3.1 10.6 GHz which provides a fractional bandwidth of more than 115%. Important conclusions on the effect of design parameters on the antenna performance and design optimization are reported
THE DISTORTION ENERGY THEORYANALYSIS OF SPUR GEARS
No full textGears play a major role in power transmission. A precise knowledge of the stresses on gear tooth during operation is very essential in designing a reliable gear transmission system. This paper analyses the stresses on gear tooth, at both tension and compression sides, of the tooth. The analysis of the tooth strength in this paper is based on the distortion energy theory, (Von Mises Theory). A new equation similar to Lewis\u27s equation was obtained but with a different form factor. The newly derived equation is expected to obtain smaller and hence more economical gears for the same transmitted torque
Current Analytical Methods and Their Limitations in Quantifying Antidiabetic Drug Nateglinide and Repaglinide in Pharmaceutical Formulations and Biological Fluids
No full textPharmaceutical growth dominated a transformation in human health. These drugs need to attend to their target only, so they must be free from impurities and appropriately controlled. Due to that, diverse instrumental techniques were advanced at steady intervals to accomplish their intention to quantify the limits per the regulatory. NTG and RPG pharmaceuticals might generate impurities during the development phases, packing, and shipping, which could be risky to administer. Hence, detecting and quantifying them using various analytical techniques at multiple stages is necessary. This review highlights the function of different analytical methods, including UV–Vis, HPLC, HPTLC, UPLC, HPLC/MS and UPLC/MS, in quantifying drugs, impurities and metabolites in bulk, pharmaceutical formulations and biological fluids. Also, it discussed the specific advantages and limitations of individual techniques. It compared them regarding sensitivity, specificity, cost, time consumption, efficacy, and the practical challenges of implementing these analytical techniques in real-world settings to determine pharmaceuticals
Effect of hot climate of Saudi Arabia on physical and mechanical properties of single use polypropylene packaging films
No full textTwo types of single use plastic films were used to study the effect of hot climate conditions of Saudi Arabia during a six-month experiment. The objective of the study is to understand the degradation behavior of the single use packaging films under direct sunlight exposure with variation in humidity. The films were kept on a specially designed experimental setup. The films were analyzed every month with respect to morphology, spectroscopy, thermal and mechanical properties. The microscopic images showed initiation of cracks on the exterior of films. Mechanical properties such as tensile strength and tensile modulus were measured and a decrease of 17 and 7% from the virgin material was noticed. The thermal and flammability properties also showed a decrease which confirmed the ageing of the films due to the climatic conditions. The water contact angle showed 20% decrease which indicated the effect of the weathering conditions to make the films less hydrophobic. The degraded packaging films after the exposure could be used as recycling component for the preparation of reusable single use plastic compounds
Estimating the Energy Recovery Potential from Municipal Solid Waste in Ha’il Region (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia)
No full textIn the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), the need of an agile solid waste management (SWM) system is vital to control safely the rapid growth of its municipal solid waste (MSW) with minimal environment toll. Further, the domestic energy production in KSA is thriving and putting a tremendous pressure on its reserves of fossil oil. Waste-to-energy (WTE) plants provides an excellent opportunity, even if MSW mitigation and energy production are usually considered separately. Energy recovery (ER) from waste is not a new field of study; however, its implementation remains a challenge in KSA. Although there is abundance of useful waste in the urban markets, practices aiming at WTE conversion are still negligible. In the KSA, so-called green markets are abundant with renewable energy potential, yet the practical implementation of this potential is missing. This work aims to present the worldwide SWM methods, the classification and the characteristics of solid waste in KSA especially in Ha’il region. In addition, the present research deals with the evaluation of waste generation in Ha’il region for the ER purpose and depicts that WTE is not only environmentally friendly but also financially rewarding. Data were collected regarding solid waste in Ha’il region and the calculations of ER potential from solid waste were conducted. The obtained results show that ER from solid waste can save energy consumption in Ha’il region; the saving factor was estimated to be 18%