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College and Clinic Buildings on Sixth Avenue Campus, 01
No full textThe front of the College and Clinic buildings on Sixth Avenue.https://digitalcommons.dmu.edu/archive_images/2063/thumbnail.jp
What cancers explain the growing rural-urban gap in human papillomavirus-associated cancer incidence?
No full textPurpose: Human papillomavirus (HPV) can cause cancers of the genital system, anus/rectum, and oropharynx. Prior research showed that HPV-associated cancer incidence was rising faster in nonmetro than in metro populations. Our study identified which cancers contributed to the widening disparity. Methods: Representing ∼93% of all cancers in the United States, we analyzed data from the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries (2000-2019). Restricting the analysis to HPV-associated cancers, we compared 5-year average age-adjusted incidence rates (per 100,000 population) for nonmetropolitan (Rural-Urban Continuum Codes 4-9) and metropolitan populations, by sex and cancer site. To quantify the rural-urban gap, we calculated rate ratios and absolute differences of incidence trends. Results: Although incidence was similar in 2000-2004 (nonmetropolitan = 9.9; metropolitan = 9.9), incidence in 2015-2019 was significantly higher in nonmetropolitan (12.3) than metropolitan (11.1) populations. The gap was widest for cervical cancers (females) in 2015-2019 (1.0 case per 100,000) but grew the most since 2000-2004 in oropharyngeal cancers among males (+1.1 cases per 100,000). The nonmetropolitan rate ratios for females (RR = 1.15, 95% C.I. = 1.13, 1.17) and males (RR = 1.07, 95% C.I. = 1.05, 1.09) in 2015-2019 were higher than the respective RRs for all other years. Since 2000, the nonmetropolitan disparity has significantly grown for anal and cervical cancers in females, and oropharyngeal cancers in both sexes. Discussion: Although preventable, nonmetropolitan Americans have shouldered a growing burden of HPV-associated cancers. To address these cervical, anal, and oropharyngeal cancer disparities, it is imperative that HPV vaccination programs are effectively implemented at scale
Socioeconomic and Geographic Differences in Mammography Trends Following the 2009 USPSTF Policy Update
No full textImportance In 2024, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) reversed a 2009 policy recommending only females aged 50 to 74 years complete a biennial mammogram. Understanding whether females facing heterogeneous breast cancer risks responded to the 2009 guidance may illuminate how they may respond to the latest policy update.
Objective To evaluate whether the 2009 policy was associated with changes in mammography screening in females no longer recommended to complete a biennial mammogram and whether these changes varied by factors associated with breast cancer risk.
Design, Setting, and Participants The difference-in-differences design compared biennial mammogram trends in the exposed groups (aged 40-49 and ≥75 years) with trends of the unexposed groups (aged 50-64 and 65-74 years), before and after the 2009 update. Population-based, repeated cross-sectional survey data came from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) biennial cancer screening module (2000-2018). The sample was restricted to females between ages 40 and 84 years. Data were analyzed from March 1 to June 30, 2024.
Main Outcomes and Measures The outcome was a binary variable indicating whether the respondent reported a mammogram in the past 2 years (biennial). After 2009, females aged 40 to 49 and 75 or older years were exposed to the policy update, as a complete biennial mammogram was recommended. Subgroup analyses included race and ethnicity, educational level, household income, smoking history, current binge drinking status, and state of residence.
Results The sample included 1 594 834 females; 75% reported a biennial mammogram. In those aged 40 to 49 years, the USPSTF update was associated with a 1.1 percentage-point (95% CI, −1.8% to −0.3 percentage points) decrease in the probability of a biennial mammogram, with the largest decreases in the non-Hispanic Black population (−3.0 percentage points; 95% CI, −5.5% to −0.5 percentage points). In the aged 75 years or older group, the USPSTF update was associated with a 4.8 percentage-point decrease (95% CI, −6.3% to −3.5 percentage points) in the probability of a biennial mammogram, with significant heterogeneity by race and ethnicity, binge drinking status, and state residence.
Conclusions and Relevance In this study, socioeconomic factors were associated with differences in how females responded to the 2009 USPSTF mammography recommendation. Whether the 2024 update considered such differences is unclear. These findings suggest that including risk assessment into future USPSTF policy updates may improve adoption of risk-reducing interventions and shorten the time to diagnosis and treatment for high-risk patients
Racial Disparities in Cancer Guideline-Concordant Treatment Using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Data for Patients With NSCLC
No full textIntroduction
Despite efforts to achieve health care equality, racial/ethnic disparities persist in lung cancer survival in the United States, with non-Hispanic Black patients experiencing higher mortality compared with non-Hispanic Whites. Previous research often focused on single treatments, overlooking the broad range of options available. We aimed to highlight disparities in survival and receipt of comprehensive lung cancer treatment by developing a guideline-concordant initial treatment (GCIT) indicator based on disease stage and recommended treatment. Methods
Using data of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results on 377,370 patients with NSCLC, we derived a GCIT indicator based on National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines. Observed probabilities and logistic regression models adjusted for age, disease stage, and race were used to assess racial disparities in treatment and survival, with the Kaplan-Meier method evaluating survival rates. Racial/ethnic groups analyzed included non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, Asian/Pacific Islander, Hispanic, and American Indian/Alaska Native. Results
Non-Hispanic Black patients had lower odds of receiving GCIT (OR = 0.80; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.78–0.82) and surviving 2 years after diagnosis (OR = 0.80; 95% CI: 0.78–0.82). Non-Hispanic Asians had the highest odds of receiving GCIT (OR = 1.02; 95% CI: 0.99–1.05). Patients receiving GCIT had improved survival, with early stage patients experiencing median survival of 67 to 102 months, compared with 11 to 17 months for those without GCIT. Conclusion
Receiving GCIT considerably improves survival across all races, though disparities in receipt are observed. Interventions are needed to ensure equitable access to guideline-concordant care and reduce survival disparities for patients
Bullock Bexoin
No full textAn unopened package of Bexoin produced by Bullock Walker Manufacturing Co.https://digitalcommons.dmu.edu/artifacts_medical/1028/thumbnail.jp
Junoza Pills
No full textPackaging and an amber colored bottle with a cork stopper lid filled with Junoza Pills. The label adds that they are a Diuretic Stimulant to the Kidneys, Mildly Laxative .https://digitalcommons.dmu.edu/artifacts_medical/1021/thumbnail.jp
Davis & Geck, Inc. Type B Surgical Guts
No full textA package of twelve tubes of surgical guts. The box states that the surgical guts are suture... boilable, type B, mild treatment, single armed, size 0, 12 s . There are only 11 tubes in the package.https://digitalcommons.dmu.edu/artifacts_medical/1018/thumbnail.jp
College of Osteopathic Medicine and Surgery Display Case
No full textThe display case that was hung in the College of Osteopathic Medicine and Surgery Building located at Sixth Avenue inside the Center Street entrance. It was used to post/display notices. It was one of the last items to be removed from the building prior to its destruction.https://digitalcommons.dmu.edu/artifacts_dmu/1009/thumbnail.jp
Second Oldest, Second Largest, Second to None UOMHS Pin
No full textA purple, rectangular pin that says Second Oldest, Second Largest, Second to None along with the name of the school and Des Moines, Iowa on it.https://digitalcommons.dmu.edu/artifacts_dmu/1013/thumbnail.jp
College of Osteopathic Medicine & Surgery Plaque
No full textA plaque dedicated to the College of Osteopathic Medicine & Surgery. The plaque also states, Founded 1898 .https://digitalcommons.dmu.edu/artifacts_dmu/1011/thumbnail.jp