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The Role of the Private Sector in Climate Change Adaptation for Agriculture and Water Management
No full textThis report investigates how small to large agricultural enterprises can be encouraged to promote adaptive practices in agriculture to align with the Sharm El-Sheikh Adaptation Agenda (SAA). Without global food and agricultural systems adapting to climate change, the risk of malnutrition, hunger and death increases dramatically, Two main issues account for the slow scale-up of adaptive practices in this sector: the astronomical gap in financing, and the education gap in farmers with small to medium-sized holdings. The SAA highlights that the private sector has a significant role to play in adaptation, and the World Bank has identified that the agricultural sector particularly can benefit from business engagement.
This Paper analyses policies from the Kyrgyz Republic, the least climate-vulnerable lower-middle income country, and Brazil, an economy that relies heavily on agriculture, that address these two issues. The paper showcases practices that can leverage adaptation finance from the private sector, improve education levels in local farmers, and encourage direct investment through financial incentivisation. The paper highlights the importance of collaboration with local agricultural organisation, water use associations, women, and local leaders in order to ensure successful adoption of adaptive systems to align with the SAA
Capacity Building:Climate Literacy and Sustainability Integration in Teachers’ Education and training
No full textQuantifying Irreversible Climate Losses: Methods and Metrics for Non-Economic Loss and Damage
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Closing the Governance Gap in Urban Resilience and Multilevel Action in the Global South
No full textBy 2050, nearly 70% of the world’s population will live in cities. In the Global South, urban exposure to compound drought–heatwave events is projected to rise by 50% by mid-century, while coastal cities face annual adaptation costs that could exceed 1% of GDP. Despite this accelerating risk, fewer than one-third of National Adaptation Plans establish clear mechanisms for coordination with subnational governments, and less than 10% of adaptation finance reaches the local level. This creates a governance gap that undermines both the effectiveness and fairness of resilience efforts. This policy brief argues that closing this gap is essential to delivering on the Global Goal on Adaptation (GGA) and advancing the Sharm El-Sheikh Adaptation Agenda (SAA). It identifies institutional and financial barriers that hinder city-led adaptation, drawing on lessons from Uruguay’s NAP-Cities process and Indonesia’s APIK program. These cases illustrate scalable coordination mechanisms, local capacity building, and pathways to embed Locally Led Adaptation within national and global frameworks. The brief concludes with five strategic recommendations aligned with the GGA and SAA, highlighting opportunities for COP30 to bridge governance gaps and place cities at the center of climate diplomacy
Ecocide in the War on Gaza: An Environmental Crime that Affects the Whole World
No full textEnvironmental destruction in conflict zones is an escalating global crisis that directly undermines climate justice and ecological stability. This policy paper examines the concept of ecocide through the lens of the war on Gaza, where the deliberate or reckless targeting of natural resources has caused severe and lasting damage to water, soil, air, and biodiversity. The Gaza case reveals how warfare can accelerate climate change, destroy carbon-absorbing ecosystems, and leave communities with uninhabitable land and poisoned water supplies. Using Gaza as the primary case study, and drawing comparisons to environmental impacts observed during the Iraq war, the paper analyzes the multiple dimensions of wartime ecological collapse: contamination of drinking water, the breakdown of sanitation infrastructure, the release of toxic gases and chemicals from explosives, and the burning of agricultural land. While the human cost of war is immediate and visible, its environmental cost is slower yet equally devastating, and global in consequence. This analysis proposes urgent policy responses: recognizing ecocide as an international crime, integrating climate-conscious recovery measures into post-conflict reconstruction, establishing UN-led environmental monitoring, and empowering local restoration efforts. Addressing the environmental cost of war is essential not only for justice but for protecting the planet’s future
Nations That Cannot Drown: Reimagining the Loss and Damage Fund for a World Already Lost
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Schools as Hubs for Cultivating Climate Literacy and Action in Egypt
No full textPartial reforms within the national education system across Egypt during 2022 as Egypt worked towards better fulfilling its promises to becoming more sustainable. These reforms aimed to better build students\u27 capacity and their involvement in climate initiatives. However, noting the important role of schools in student development, this paper puts forward a call for more comprehensive reforms that aim to target more than just students\u27 theoretical understanding. Remarking the vitality of a changed understanding and interaction between the students and the environment. As well as ensuring that the students learn to become active members of their community with a profound understanding of the reciprocal relationship they have with both their environment and communities. The posed recommendations are mainly directed towards the Egyptian government, especially the ministries of education and environment as well as school staff. Proposing ideas in regards to involving the students in taking care of their campus, adjusting curriculums across most if not all subjects, modeling climate positive behaviors to the students, creating initiatives and events within schools and well preparing the staff so that they themselves have an improved understanding and capacity to assist the students