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Intracanal microbial reduction after root canal preparation with different tapered instruments. An ex-vivo study
No full textAim: The objective of this ex vivo study was to assess the dual impact of instruments taper and irrigation activation methods on bacterial reduction in infected root canals.
Materials and methods:42 extracted human molar teeth were inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis for 2 weeks to develop a mature biofilm. The samples were divided into four experimental groups and two control groups. The experimental groups underwent root canal preparation using two different instruments: XP Shaper (taper 0.04) and Reciproc Blue R25 (taper 0.08). Additionally, two different activation methods were tested: mechanical (XP Finisher) and sonic (EDDY). Bacterial reduction was assessed using Colony Forming Unit (CFU) analysis and Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) to evaluate the efficacy of the treatments.
Results: Results showed significant microbial reduction in all groups after root canal preparation. Root canal preparation with the Reciproc Blue R25 (0.08 taper) achieved a significantly higher bacterial reduction compared to the XP-Endo Shaper (0.04 taper). Additionally, EDDY-activated irrigation resulted in a greater bacterial reduction than the XP Finisher. The interaction between instrument taper and activation method was statistically significant (p\u3c0.001), indicating that both factors contribute to the efficacy of microbial reduction in root canals.
Conclusion: Both the instrument taper and the method of irrigant activation significantly affected the reduction of intracanal bacterial load. The useof larger tapers and sonic activation provides microbial reductions that may improve clinical outcomes in endodontic treatments
CMS RPC non-physics event data automation ideology
No full textThis paper presents a streamlined framework for real-time processing and analysis of condition data from the CMS experiment Resistive Plate Chambers (RPC). Leveraging data streaming, it uncovers correlations between RPC performance metrics, like currents and rates, and LHC luminosity or environmental conditions. The Java-based framework automates data handling and predictive modeling, integrating extensive datasets into synchronized, query-optimized tables. By segmenting LHC operations and analyzing larger virtual detector objects, the automation enhances monitoring precision, accelerates visualization, and provides predictive insights, revolutionizing RPC performance evaluation and future behavior modeling
Machine learning approach to CMS RPC HV scan data analysis
No full textResistive Plate Chambers (RPC) are gaseous detectors in the muon system of the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment at the European Laboratory for Particle Physics, CERN. The RPC high-voltage scan is a crucial sequence of calibration runs typically conducted at the onset of each data-taking year with the initial collisions of the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at nominal luminosity in proton–proton collisions 2×1034cm−2s−1, ensuring RPC proper functioning by establishing correct working points. This study applies machine learning algorithms to automate and accelerate previously manual, time-consuming analysis, enhancing efficiency and decision-making. We developed an autoencoder artificial neural network (ANN) in Fourier space (FSAC) to approximate efficiency curves, which are then used to determine working points. This new approach reduces the time for data analysis from over three months to less than a week
INDIGENOUS COMMUNITIES CARBON SOVEREIGNTY: A PROTOCOL FOR CLIMATE JUSTICE, ECOCIDE PREVENTION, AND SECURITY
No full textThis policy paper examines the Climate justice, Ecocide and security implications of carbon market mechanisms for Indigenous Peoples (IPs). Despite global recognition of Indigenous people participation , existing frameworks under the UNFCCC and mechanisms often lack enforceable safeguards to protect Indigenous sovereignty. The paper identifies critical gaps in governance, particularly the absence of Indigenous-led oversight in Carbon markets. Drawing on two case studies: Yurok Tribe and Ogiek people, it demonstrates how carbon markets can reproduce neo-colonial patterns of resource appropriation. To address these challenges, the paper proposes the Indigenous communities Carbon Sovereignty Protocol (ICCSP) as a governance framework, outlining implementation measures, benefit-sharing mechanisms, and enforcement provisions to ensure sovereign patiicpation in the carbon market system, aim to achieve Climate justice, prevent Ecocide and security risks under COP30 Mutrirao vision
Silicon Sands & Swahili Shores: Coastal Climate Adaptation in Lusail City and Stone Town
No full textWith 10% of the world’s population living in low-level coastal areas that are highly prone to erosion, they are in the midst of the climate conversation (McGranahan et al., 2007). Coastal cities in the Middle East, Africa, and South Asia (MEASA) are increasingly exposed to climate-induced risks such as rising sea levels, extreme heat, and climate disasters. This paper examines two very contrasting pathways of adaptation. The first being Lusail City in Qatar, which is Qatar’s second largest city, built with the purpose of becoming a smart sustainability hub incorporating advanced engineering and digital infrastructure. Throughout the paper we slowly transition to comparing Lusail with Stone Town in Zanzibar, a UNESCO settlement that heavily uses culture-based and nature-based resilience strategies. Through a comparative analysis, the paper evaluates the strengths and limitations of each model, highlighting Lusail’s high-capital technological solutions alongside Stone Town’s nature-based financially tight solutions. The conclusion pushes a hybrid approach that blends high-tech urban planning with traditional nature-based practices to fairly balance equity and sustainability in urban coastal regions. Therefore, the recommendations mentioned focus on cross-cultural knowledge exchange to enable coastal cities across the MEASA region to adapt effectively financially and efficiently to the accelerating impacts of climate change
Legal Ramifications of the Loss and Damage Fund: Reparations, Accountability, and Case Studies
No full textClimate Related Loss and Damages Tariff Support Program: Using Trade Concessions as a Mechanism for Climate Justice
No full textAthletes as ACE Ambassadors: A Framework for Integrating Sports Personalities into Climate Communication Strategies
No full textGlobal institutions face a critical volume-over-impact communication crisis, where thousands of official reports and meetings fail to translate into public engagement. This systemic issue is directly applicable to the climate sector, where conventional communication struggles to cut through the noise. This failure particularly undermines Action for Climate Empowerment (ACE), as it hinders efforts to raise awareness and provide vital climate education to the public, especially youth. To address this gap, this paper proposes the \u27Athletes for Climate Empowerment (ACE) Ambassadors\u27 Framework. Based on successful models like the UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador program, this framework provides a practical pathway to formalize and channel athlete influence into structured climate action. The framework is built on three pillars: an authenticity-focused selecting process, a robust communication support program to ensure accurate messaging, and the formal integration of ambassadors into high-level climate events like the COP. By implementing this framework, the UNFCCC and its partners can effectively transform the powerful voices of sports personalities into a unified and impactful force for global climate action
Capacity Building: Climate literacy and sustainability integration in Teachers’ Education and training.
No full textDespite the existing efforts done towards prepping a climate literate youth whom are aware of the changes affecting our environment and ecosystem, there is still an existent gap in the translation of these efforts to reach a younger audience and their interpretation into feasible knowledge and action-oriented programs. Hence, this paper delves deep into an analysis of the methods of integration of Eco-Entrepreneurship and environmental education in teachers’ education to prep them for the inclusion of climate education in national curriculums. Furthermore, this paper discusses some of the barriers teachers face when fusing green skills and knowledge in their curricula. It also discusses global initiatives that target this problem and later proposes solutions, actionable insights and strategies to minimize the gap
Deep-Sea Mining in the Pacific: Climate Justice, Ecocide, and Security in Nauru and Kiribati
No full textThis policy paper explores how the growing international controversy over deep-sea mining (DSM) can be addressed under the considerations of climate justice, through analyzing two case studies, Nauru and Kiribati, of Pacific islands. Both states are highly vulnerable to climate change and economic instability, yet have adopted different strategies. Nauru has improved and enhanced its DSM plans in the Clarion–Clipperton Zone to ensure its sovereign development rights and economic needs. On the other hand, Kiribati has taken more mechanisms that are cautious measures to temporary pause the DSM negotiations in response to public pressure and environmental concerns. These cases show the political, ethical, and ecological challenges that the Small Island Developing States (SIDS) face. Thus, they must navigate these challenges to address both climate vulnerability and resource exploitation. The paper addresses the international actors; especially the International Seabed Authority and COP30 policymakers, to offer financial and legal policies that promote precautionary and community-driven seabed governance as well as prevent the new forms of ecocide. Finally, the paper will conclude with policy recommendations for domestic and international decision-makers, providing a temporary pause of climate-linked incentives for SIDS. These recommendations seek to align ocean protection with equitable and sustainable development. This policy paper contributes to the ongoing international efforts to integrate deep-sea mining regulation and laws into the current framework of global environmental justice and planetary security