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Shared Decision-Making in Vaginal Breech Birth: An Integrative Review
Introduction: Vaginal breech birth has declined since the Term Breech Trial in 2000 because of study outcomes showing higher adverse outcomes for the neonate in vaginal breech births (VBB) when compared to cesarean sections. Recent literature, however, shows that maternal morbidity and mortality are high with cesarean section compared to VBB. Modern delivery providers have limited knowledge, education, and skills in VBB, which ultimately leads to limited delivery options for women. Providers should be aware that informed consent includes discussing all options for management, including VBB, external cephalic version, and cesarean section, as well as the short-term and long-term implications of the birth method on the neonate in order for proper shared decision-making (SDM) to occur. Research Aim: The purpose of this literature review was to reveal the lived experiences of women diagnosed with breech positions in pregnancy and their role in the SDM process regarding mode of delivery. Methods: A systematic search in PubMed, CINAHL, and Nursing and Allied Health resulted in 22 original studies. Inclusion criteria were women with lived experiences of having breech-positioned fetuses, years 2014–2024, and U.S and international studies. Exclusion criteria were articles not in English, articles irrelevant to SDM in pregnancy, articles that did not include participants with breech diagnosis, and articles published before 2014. Study results were organized to reflect four main themes found throughout the literature: emotional response, choice in care, influences on informed consent and SDM, and outcomes related to limitations on SDM. Results: Women and birth providers have negative emotions when presented with a breech-positioned fetus, the majority of women have limited choice in delivery mode, the majority of influencers (e.g., media outlets, social support, medical staff) are not supportive of VBB as an option in care, and lastly, the outcomes of limited informed consent and SDM limit delivery options and may lead to women seeking VBB in areas not supported by national guidelines. Discussion: The choice to have a VBB is not often presented as a valid delivery mode. Using an SDM model will support discussions that include VBB, external cephalic version, and cesarean section as management options for a breech-positioned fetus and choice for mode of delivery
Internship with EPPA
EPPA is an organization run by practicing physicians in emergency medicine. On staff with them, there are over 300 professional medical providers, including MD’s, DO’s, PA’s, and NP’s who staff the emergency rooms in partnered hospitals around Minnesota, specifically in the Twin Cities, St. Cloud, and rural Minnesota. Something that is special about EPPA is that the leadership and staff are all incredibly kind and have the desire to get to know you and help you along your journey. EPPA not only employs medical providers, but they also have a very special opportunity for college aged students in the pre-health field of study; working as a medical scribe. As a scribe, I have gained so much knowledge, experience, and opportunities in medicine. I began my internship in June of 2023, and so far have only had positive experiences. There are many benefits to working in the ED, including the quick and vast learning of medical terminology and principles that can help you in your pre and post grad experience, exposure to various positions in healthcare that allows you to figure out which path is best for you, and the close relationships being made with fellow scribes and even physicians. I have quickly learned that scribing is only what you make of it. If you have the desire to learn and grow, or the desire to build relationships, get advice, and even a letter of recommendations, it\u27s entirely up to you and what you do with the resources provided by EPPA
Internship in Biological Sciences: Lab Assistant at Twin Cities Dermatopathology
From June to December last year, I served as a Laboratory Assistant at Twin Cities Dermatopathology—an associate of Sonic Healthcare, USA. In this role, I worked under Xiao Xie (TCD’s lab Supervisor) maintaining the lab space. Tasks included managing the intake of slides, quality checking, labeling, staining, and coverslipping the slides, organizing them for pathological assessment, updating the patient records, and storing the slides after processing. This role required much diligence and communicativeness as I became the “reference person” to which the histologists, doctors, accessioners, and data records personnel could come with issues or questions that I could resolve or address with the supervisor. Furthermore, critical thinking to answer these questions and solve issues independently, as well multitasking and cohesive focus were also skills that were obligated in such a fast-paced and quality-demanding environment. This role was intimidating when I first started, and it took several weeks before I got accustomed to the tasks that were expected and the way the system functioned. Since we are working with samples from real patients who needed answers back from the doctors as soon as possible, every step of the process had to be done well and with efficiency. Any interruption to the flow severely delayed a patient’s results, and it took some getting used to this kind of pressure. I am better for it, though, because it equipped me with skills of greater independence, focus and management, decisiveness, increased biological understanding, and professionalism
The Effects of Multitasking on Reading Retention
Research has shown that multitasking depletes students\u27 working memory and task efficiency. Our study analyzes the effect of media multitasking on students\u27 reading retention results. Our hypothesis is that studying while multitasking results in a greater amount of energy spent on work and decreases in the quality of work
The Effects of Social Media on Adolescents Pre and Post Covid 19
This thesis explores the effects of social media on adolescents, with a specific focus on the dual impact before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The research investigates the shifts in social relationships and communication during COVID-19, the influence of social media on adolescent mental health, educational challenges and innovations, and developmental processes and identity formation post-COVID-19. Key findings indicate that social media usage increased significantly during the pandemic, altering how adolescents interact and form relationships. Prolonged social media exposure exacerbated mental health issues, such as anxiety and depression, yet platforms also provided crucial support networks. Technology has become essential in education, revealing both benefits and challenges in digital learning environments. Post-pandemic, adolescents continue to navigate identity formation heavily influenced by online interactions. This research concludes that while social media presents challenges, it also offers valuable opportunities for support and connection, instilling hope for its positive impact and ultimately highlighting the need for balanced and mindful usage
The Triumph of the Vernacular: The Rise, Dissemination, and Transformative Power of the Bible in Spanish
Dr. Juan Hernández Jr. will chronicle the origin and history of the translation of the Bible into Spanish, disclose the manuscript traditions that support its texts, and highlight the enduring influence of the Bible in Hispanic communities of faith beyond the Spanish peninsula, including its usage within the faith communities he serves.https://spark.bethel.edu/primetime-presentations/1014/thumbnail.jp
Parent Involvement and Special Education Literature Review
Many parents have children in special education. Parents\u27 level of involvement varies per family. Some parents are very involved in their child\u27s education, and some are not. Many parents reported not understanding the special education process, especially looking at comprehensive special education evaluation reports and Individualized Education Plans (IEPs). Parents have reported that these documents are extremely hard to understand, and they need to be written in a way that parents can understand what they are consenting to. Due to the special education paperwork being difficult, parentsr eported that communication is key. Communication helps the parents understand more about their child’s education. Communication also helps build a trusting relationship with the parents and the teachers. Parents want trusting relationships with their child\u27s teachers
The Effect of Motivation on Mathematical Achievement
This paper examines the effect motivation has on mathematical achievement. In the field of education, student engagement in the classroom is an important topic. By incorporating evidence from various studies and meta-analyses, this paper provides evidence of the positive connection between motivation and mathematical achievement. Specifically, this paper explores the differences between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and various strategies to stimulate both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation in the classroom, which range from different instructional strategies to motivation strategies teachers can put to use. Factors outside of the classroom, such as parents\u27 involvement and students\u27 own self-efficacy can also play a role in their motivation in the mathematics classroom
The Impact of Multicultural Literature on Empathy in a Covid-19 World
This review investigates the isolated nature of distance learning caused by the Covid-19 pandemic and its impact on learners in regard to their empathic abilities. This review looks into the socio-emotional growth of the youth and possibilities to rebuild and reinforce the ability to understand and sympathize with the perspectives of others. In part, careful, considerate, and intentional instruction is required to help students establish increased empathy through the critical reading and discussion of multicultural literature. This thesis explores the evidence pertaining to the negative effects of distance learning, investigates the benefits teaching of multicultural literature, and identifies pedagogical approaches to actualize the aforementioned objective
Coeval 2024
The Coeval, meaning “of the same age,” is Bethel’s undergraduate literary and art magazine. This edition was edited by students of Publishing and Being Published, advised by Prof. Shannon Preston, and sponsored by the English and Journalism department.Cover Art: Blue Path by Zoe Vang.https://spark.bethel.edu/coeval/1000/thumbnail.jp