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From the water safety plan to the water cycle safety plan - EPAL´s experience
No full textWith its participation in PREPARED - Enabling Change, EPAL aims to demonstrate the feasibility of the innovative Water Cycle Safety Plan (WCSP) framework approach to climate change related risk management. The demonstration was applied to Lisbon´s water supply system and allowed the company to diagnose to what extent EPAL´s existing Water Safety Plan can be integrated as a System Safety Plan within the wider range of WCSP. Conclusions were that EPAL benefited from being integrated in the broader WCSP team and from broadening the scope of WSP aims. The main difficulties arose from the need to find a scale of consequences suitable for all the parties involved and from the fact that the upstream stakeholder in the river basin, where major interactions were found to happen, did not participate in the demo. The tools developed in order to support the risk identification, analysis and treatment phases proved to be useful, despite lacking a user-friendly interface. Overall, we can conclude that if the concept of the WCSP is to be fully implemented, it will definitely become a powerfull tool manage shared risks in the water cycle in an integrated manner.8 pComunicação apresentada no IWA World Water Congress and Exhibition 2014, 21-26 Septembre, Lisbon, Portugal.DHA/NE
Kinetics comparison of alkali-reactivity tests for aggregates
No full textAmong the test-methods for evaluation of aggregates reactivity towards alkali-silica reaction (ASR), linear dilatation of mortar bars or concrete prisms is often used in several tests under various conditions, criteria and procedures of measuring and accelerating the reaction. As reactivity is an essentially kinetic property, the expansion limits in such tests, or even tests results for the same aggregate, should be kinetically inter-related.
This paper presents a proposal of a kinetic relationship for critical reaction rates, evaluated from criteria of standard test-methods NF P 18-590, ASTM C 1260 and ASTM C 1293 . To do so, the critical expansion rate of these tests were corrected for a reference 1M alkalinity and depicted as Arrhenius plot. The high correlation of the regression line shows linearity of the plotted data, which was assumed as a criterion of kinetic compatibility between the said tests.
The discussion includes a comparison with other tests and literature comments on their evaluation.
The main interest of this study concernong the potential for ASR, is to discuss and compare methods aiming to improve the service life of concrete structures, by:
i) selection of good materials;
ii) decisions on the appropriate concrete formulation;
iii) foreseeing possible problems allowing to plan monitoring and/or the need for adequate intervention as well as the possibility of test improvements.
The extension of service life allows savings in raw materials and energy, improvement of the investment economics and, in the long term, lower investment requirements.506-516 ppThe authors are grateful for the financial support provided by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT), through the projects EXREACT (PTDC/CTM/65243/2006) and IMPROVE (PTDC/ECM/115486/2009).Volume 634DM/NMMKey Engineering Material
Do problema do valor cultural às operações de patrimonialização
No full textConsiderando-se que as principais componentes do valor cultural são sobretudo de âmbito cognitivo, formal, afetivo, pragmático e ético, e que estas componentes não estão isoladas, são interdependentes e agrupam-se de diferentes formas na produção de combinações e recombinações, sobreposições, hierarquias, transformações e conflitos, discute-se o interesse de uma perspectiva multidimensional e dinâmica de abordagem do valor cultural no âmbito dos processos de patrimonialização.223-228pp.DM/NBP
A simple model to forecast estuar ine morphologic evolution in response to sea level rise
No full text1ppDHA/NEC201412 a 16 de mai
Flood risk assessment in estuaries. The importance of historical data integration in predictive tools development
No full textFloods in estuaries can be driven by different
forcing
mechanisms
from
ocean and
inland sources
and are
often
aggravated
in urban areas by insufficient drainage
conditions. Sea
-
level rise and
extreme climate events
can exacerbate wat
er levels
inside the
estuaries.
D
evelopments are being made to reduce
the uncertainty of
forecast tools in order to provide
reliable
flood predictions that can support risk
assessment and management
strategies
. The integration of his
torical events data
analysis
in h
azard forec
asting
can
contribute to a better
knowledge of
the dominant
flood
drivers
and
to
improve the
validation
of the models
.
In the present work a
data base
of
historical flood events1ppDHA/NEC201412 a 16 de mai
Environmental an Ventilation Assessment in Child Day Care Centers in Porto: The Envirh Project
No full textChildren attending day care centers (CDCC) have been reported to be more prone to infectious
diseases when compared with those cared for at home, and are exposed to conditions
that may increase the risk of allergies and asthma. Several studies revealed that consequences
of poor ventilation conditions include high levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) and many other
indoor pollutants commonly detected in schools. Nine child day care centers were selected
randomly to participate in this study. Fifty-two classrooms were assessed for chemical, biological,
physical, and allergen parameters in spring and winter seasons in these nine CDCC
located in Porto, Portugal. Outdoor measurements were also conducted for comparison. Our
results indicated that (i) particulate matter (PM10) median levels were above the national reference
levels, both by classroom type and by season; (ii) TVOC kindergarten peak values may
raise some concern; (iii) CO2 was present at high median and maximum levels during spring
and winter assessment in both nurseries and kindergartens classrooms; (iv) total bacteria
concentrations were 57- and 52-fold higher in the nursery and kindergarten than outdoors,
respectively, for the spring season; (v) winter and spring median predicted mean vote (PMV)
indices were between “neutral” (0) and “slightly cool” (≤ –1) in the thermal sensation scale
for comfort situations (−2 to 2) for both types of classrooms; (vi) there were significant differences
for both PMV and predicted percentage of dissatisfied (PPD) indices by season; and
(vii) CO2, total bacteria, and gram-negative bacteria were associated with low airflow rates.
These data will help to evaluate the effectiveness of current building operation practices in
child day care centers regarding indoor air quality and respiratory health.43931-943pp77 Part ADED/NAICIJournal of Toxicology and Environmental Healt
Mechanical and mineralogical properties of natural hydraulic lime-metakaolin mortars in different curing conditions
No full textThis paper investigates the mechanical and mineralogical characteristics of natural hydraulic lime NHL3.5 (NHL) mortars with different% of lime replacement by metakaolin (MK) under different laboratory and natural marine curing conditions.
Tests were conducted at different curing ages, using compressive and flexural strength tests and thermogravimetric and X-ray diffraction techniques.
NHL mortars cured at high humidity levels in natural and artificial environments present interesting results and some could be used in old masonries repair.
The incorporation of MK improves the NHL mortars strength, being this increase mostly associated to the pozzolanic reaction.The authors wish to acknowledge the Fundação para a Ciência e
Tecnologia (FCT) for the financial support under project METACAL
(PTDC/ECM/100431/2008) and to the companies SECIL and IMERYS
for the supply of NHL3,5 and metakaolin used in this work.86pp 287–29451DM/NMMConstruction and Building Material
Monitor – Projeto PTDC/ECM/099121/2008 - Relatório final
No full textEste registo pertence ao Repositório Científico do LNECRelatório final do projeto PTDC/ECM/099121/2008 – MONITOR – Sustentabilidade de estruturas de madeira por via da monitorização e controlo dos mecanismos de degradação (Sustainability of timber structures by monitoring and control of degradation mechanisms) que teve a duração de 42 meses.Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia / NÃO CONFIDENCIALDE/NC
O Silêncio e a Arquitetura: da socialização às ruínas
No full textO enquadramento do silêncio como matéria da própria conceção arquitetónica básica e, em seguida, do mesmo silêncio como qualidade natural, ou da natureza, associada a múltiplos aspetos do conforto, e por sua vez matéria da referida conceção arquitetónica; e assim até parece que não nos conseguimos dele libertar; mas há ainda e naturalmente outras perspetivas a considerar no silêncio como quadro base de arquiteturas e pano de fundo do habitat humano, e nestas uma há cuja importância é basilar e que se refere ao silêncio como veículo de intimidade e de urbanidade.3 fig6 pInfohabitar, Ano X, n.º 486DED/NUTRevista Infohabita
Treatment variation along the board of furfurylated sapwood and heartwood
No full textWood modification by furfurylation depends on impregnation, so only some species can
be treated and even so generally only sapwood samples can be used. Another question is that if the impregnation is not even the properties may vary along the board. The objective of this work was to determine the differences in the main wood properties along the treated board. Furfurylation was tested in maritime pine samples (Pinus pinaster Aiton,) with both sapwood and heartwood. Density, dimensional stability and water absorption by the water soaking method were determined. The differences between untreated and treated wood and also between treated heartwood and sapwood are high. Despite the higher density (and furfuryl content) near the sides of the board the differences along sapwood boards are very small.The authors would like to thank the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) through the project PEst-OE/CED/UI4016/2011, and the Center for Studies in Education, Technologies and Health (CI&DETS).44ppDE/NCE201410-12 de març