PINES (Bemidji State University)
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To What Extent Did Title IX Create Equality Within Athletics: Analyzing Female Athletic Participation in High School Institutions
No full textSince Title IX was signed into law in 1972, the legislation has long been associated with athletics. After the passage of Title IX, high school level and any other federally funded institution, now had to promote gender equality, including athletics. However, even though equality was and still is required, those demands are still not being met. Using data from the National Center for Education Statistics and the Civil Rights Data Collection in the 2013-2014 school year, I examine equality within high school athletics. I analyze the characteristics in high schools throughout the United States to determine what types of schools are most successful in implementing Title IX’s demand for participation equality in athletics. A few of the traits in schools I evaluate are racial demographics, region of the country, rural and urban breakdowns, Title I eligibility, and enrollment size. A state and regional ranking system is also created to illustrate individual state’s or region’s athletic participation gap. These results show where girls participation in athletics suffer and where Title IX’s demands for equality are being met
Are Police Actions Towards African Americans Different from Other Races?
No full textResearch implies that African Americans and other minorities experience racial disparities in their encounters with police. Their white counterparts tend to not experience any racially driven disparity. Oftentimes this research does not use different characteristics while testing for racial disparity, leaving much more to be explored when researching police encounters among minorities. I will be using data from the United States Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics to test some of these characteristics. This study will test demographics regarding the citizens race and gender, as well as the nature of their police encounters. Using these demographics, we can find more in-depth answers regarding these characteristics and their likelihood to experience racial inequality. The findings from this research imply that racial disparity experienced not only by being involved in a police encounter, but also when put against other variables questioning necessary actions of the police and the legitimacy of the encounters
Change in Partisan Ideology Among University Students
No full textThroughout modern history, people have sought to understand the causes behind political identities and how they’re formed. These factors began to be known as the agents of political socialization. As these factors shift, so do political beliefs. But how do these factors directly apply to university students? To answer this question, I studied how these factors applied to university students as well as new factors specific to their time in university, such as the control of the institution (whether it’s private or public), as well as the effect of campus culture and climates on their ideology, and what role extracurriculars played in this. To examine these, I used data from the Higher Education Research Institution, from a survey they conducted for seniors in college. The results varied tremendously and didn’t pinpoint a clear answer as to why ideology shifts during college. This study emphasizes the need for more exploration into this topic
Commencement Program, May 2019
No full texthttps://pines.bemidjistate.edu/commencement/1001/thumbnail.jp
Student Achievement Conference 2019 Program Booklet
No full textConference theme: Demonstrate Your Curiosity for Life & Learning . Keynote speaker: Dr. Ed Galindo.
The 2019 Student Achievement Conference offered a range of presentations and workshops, including research on topics such as using project-based learning to improve student engagement, integrating creativity into the curriculum and addressing mental health in K-12 education. Keynote speeches covered issues such as the importance of teacher self-care and the power of positive relationships in the classroom.https://pines.bemidjistate.edu/sac-programs/1005/thumbnail.jp
Examining Black Bullhead Ameiurus melas Age and Growth in Shallow Minnesota Lakes
No full textAgeing methods, population age structures, and growth trajectories for Black Bullhead Ameiurus melas were evaluated for six populations from shallow lakes divided between two ecoregions in Minnesota, USA. A total of 693 fish were collected in July and August 2018 and measured for total lengths (TL) and weights (g). We collected ageing structures from 320 of these fish. Crosssections of lapillar otoliths (n=191) and pectoral spine structures (n=75) were used to estimate age by two readers in a blind reading procedure. Fish caught ranged in total lengths from ~40 to 350 mm and weighed between 8 and 380 g. Black Bullheads ranged in age from 0-6 years within both regions of Minnesota and exhibit relatively fast growth until age 3. After age 4, growth slowed down as they approach an asymptote of ~300 mm total length by age 6. Lapillar otolith age estimates had relatively high precision between readers (CV=11.02%), and a reader agreement of 83%. Pectoral spine age estimates had greater precision (CV=5.82%) with a reader agreement of 87%. Comparing the relationship between lapillar otolith and pectoral spine ageing methods yielded low precision and relatively high variability (CV=37.27%). Only 47% of age estimates between methods were in agreement. A linear regression model revealed variability in the relationship between spine lengths (mm) and estimated age (years) for both otolith and spine structures (R2=0.49, R2=0.39), respectively. Mean length-at-age shows variable growth patterns between each region of Minnesota
Electoral Competitiveness and Social Media Strategies: Who Goes Negative When and Why?
No full textSocial media is becoming more integrated into every politician’s career. Previous research suggests that throughout an election a challenger is the one who is more likely to use negative campaigning while running for office. I analyze what strategies are being used by challengers and incumbent candidates while running for office. The data I use is provided by Zachary Auter and Jeffrey Fine (2016). Their data looks at both the 2010 election where we began to see politicians use Facebook ads in their campaigns. I find that a challenger is more likely to adopt negative messages while they are running and are behind in the polls. I also examine several campaigns from 2018 and found similar social media strategies. This confirms the increasing importance of social media in American elections
Virtual Hearings and Blockchain Technology Solutions in Criminal Law
No full textTechnology has evolved and raided our personal and professional lives. Although the courts are not immune to the advancement and integration of technology, the courts are not keeping up with relevant technological advancements. Historically, courts have been hesitant to embrace new technologies despite the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure and the American Bar Association Model Rules of Professional Conduct. Rule 1 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure creates the right to a “just, speedy, and inexpensive determination of every action and proceeding.” Likewise, the American Bar Association Model Rules of Professional Conduct have determined attorneys must “keep abreast of changes in the law and its practice, including the benefits and risks associated with relevant technology . . .” to maintain competence. The bench and bar have a responsibility to keep up with the advancement of technology because technology affects the administration of justice. With the practice of criminal law being far behind in technological advancements and new technology entering the legal field now, criminal lawyers, judges, and other legal community members need to start incorporating this technology and be comfortable using it in their everyday lives
Effect of Beaver on Brook Trout Habitat in North Shore, Lake Superior Streams
No full textIn Minnesota, North American Beavers Castor canadensis (hereafter Beaver) are considered to have an overall negative affect on native Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis. Brook Trout provide a valued and productive sport fishery to the North Shore streams of Lake Superior and since revival of the Beaver population from past trapping and timber harvest, a reexamination of the complex ecological relationship where the two taxa interact is imperative. Suitable Brook Trout habitat is characterized by cold, spring- fed water with silt-free rocky substrate and abundant cover, all of which Beaver may directly, or indirectly, affect. Data collection occurred on 79 (200 m) stream sections and 21 Beaver ponds spanning the North Shore during summers 2017 and 2018. Habitat suitability index (HSI) were used to determine the average HSI and quantity of suitable Brook Trout habitat (m2/100 m2) in both stream and pond sites. A bioenergetics model was employed to calculate growth availability (m2/100 m2) and mean growth (g/day) for Brook Trout in stream sites. Classification regression trees were used to identify significant thresholds in which Beaver activity, such as distance to nearest Beaver pond and number of dams upstream of sampled sites, influenced the quantity or quality of Brook Trout habitat and growth.
No significant predictor variables were identified in the regression tree as affecting the average HSI, area of suitable Brook Trout habitat, Brook Trout growth availability, or growth rates in stream sites. Alternatively, the quantity and quality of Brook Trout habitat in streams of this region appears to be better described by microhabitat variables (depth, velocity, temperature) that are eminent in individual stream sites. Brook Trout growth in stream sites was strongly influenced by velocity (m/sec) and mean prey concentration (mg dry mass/m3). Results from interpolated habitat maps of Beaver pond sites indicated that 12 of the 21 ponds sampled contained suitable Brook Trout habitat, with dissolved oxygen (mg/L) identified as a threshold for determining if ponds contained suitable Brook Trout habitat. This study recommends focusing on individual stream characteristics and Beaver pond dissolved oxygen concentrations to achieve desired Brook Trout habitat and aid in the development of management strategies pertaining to these two taxa in North Shore, Lake Superior streams
The Northern Student, Vol. 128, January 2019
No full texthttps://pines.bemidjistate.edu/northern-student/1004/thumbnail.jp