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Scientific progress: normative, but aimless
No full textDoes science have any aim(s)? If not, does it follow that the debate about scientific progress is somehow misguided or problematically non-objective? These are two of the central questions posed in Rowbottom’s Scientific Progress. In this paper, I argue that we should answer both questions in the negative. Science probably has no aims, certainly not a single aim; but it does not follow from this that the debate about scientific progress is somehow misguided or problematically non-objective
The Polysemy of 'I'
No full textOrthodoxy assumes that the first-person thoughts of an individual are anchored to a stable object. I challenge this assumption by arguing that “I” is polysemous. The perspectival anchor of a first-person thought could be the bearer of the thought, the agent, the bearer of perception, or a body, to name just a few options. These different possible anchors do not form a unity. So, a unified or minimal self cannot, without argument, be posited as the stable anchor of on individual’s first-person thoughts. I show how the polysemy of “I” can be analyzed in terms of polysemous mental files
Phenomenology from the Standpoint of the Lvov–Warsaw School
No full textThe aim of the paper is to examine the views on phenomenology developed by representatives of the Lvov–Warsaw School (henceforth: LWS). The paper shows that, firstly, there is a significant genetic connection between the LWS and Husserl’s phenomenological movement. Secondly, members of the LWS have developed a coherent understanding of phenomenology, which they regard as an autonomous philosophical science of essence. They particularly appreciate the fact that phenomenologists are committed to making clear distinctions. However, they are skeptical about the reliability of Wesensschau, as it is based on immediate insight rather than deduction or induction. Furthermore, they consider the works of
phenomenologists to be obscure. Thirdly, their criticism of phenomenology is similar, though less radical, to that offered by analytic philosophers, such as Moritz Schlick, Gilbert Ryle, and Rudolf Carna
The Structural Laws of the Universe: Structural Necessity, Circulation, and Love
No full textIn this universe, there exist absolute principles that go beyond language and logic. They
are:
• Structural Necessity
• Circulation
• Love
These are not just abstract ideas—they are structural realities shared by everything that
exists in the universe. They function as fundamental settings, beyond explanation or
reasoning. For example, we may be able to analyze how each atom exists, but we
cannot explain why that atom exists in the first place, or why it operates according to
certain laws. All we can say is: “That’s just how it is.” It’s a structural given.
In the world of the manga One Piece, when someone eats a Devil Fruit, they lose the
ability to swim. No one questions why—it’s just a rule of that world. Likewise, the
three principles of this universe simply are. They exist not because of a reason we can
identify, but because the universe is configured that way. It’s a setting beyond reason.
Did God design it? Is this universe some kind of simulation created by someone? We
don’t know. But one thing is certain: this world operates by rules
Speaking into Dissonance: Foreign Language Learning, Cognitive Dissonance, and Epistemic Plurality
No full textThis study argues that foreign language learning constitutes a unique form of epistemic training in dissonance tolerance. Drawing on Festinger’s theory of cognitive dissonance, evolutionary evidence from children and non-human primates, and recent work on the Foreign Language Effect (FLe), I reframe linguistic discomfort not as a pedagogical hurdle but as an epistemic event. Speaking in a second language (L2) exposes the learner to repeated misalignments between intention and expression, producing dissonance that is neither pathological nor incidental, but constitutive of knowledge itself. Integrating behavioural and fMRI studies on belief resistance, cross-cultural research on conformity, and my own Epistemic Clientelism Theory, I show how foreign language use habituates learners to plurality, weakens conformity pressures, and fosters democratic resilience. The study contributes theoretically by reconceptualising dissonance epistemically; empirically by bringing bilingualism and neuroscience into dialogue with governance debates; and normatively by positioning language education as scaffolding for pluralist democracy
Dating apps and the digital sexual sphere
No full textThe online dating application has in recent years become a major avenue for meeting potential partners.
But while the digital public sphere has gained the attention of political philosophers, a systematic normative
evaluation of issues arising in the ‘digital sexual sphere’ is lacking. I provide a philosophical framework for
assessing dating app corporation conduct, capturing why people use these apps and their experience
so often is unsatisfactory. Identifying dating apps as agents intervening in a social institution necessary for
the reproduction of society, with immense power over people's lives, I ask if they exercise their power in
line with individuals’ interests. Acknowledging that people have claims to non-interference, equal standing,
and choice improvement relating to intimacy, I find that the traditional, non-digital, sexual sphere poses
problems to their realisation, especially for sexual minorities. In this context, apps’ potential for justice in
the sexual sphere is immense, but unfulfilled
Connectify: An Interactive Social Media App with Personalization
No full textThis research paper presents the design, development, and deployment process of a modern social media application aimed at facilitating digital interaction and content sharing among users. The application features a userfriendly interface, secure authentication, post creation, real-time updates, and user engagement features such as likes and comments. Using modern web technologies and frameworks like the MERN stack (MongoDB, Express, React, and Node.js), the application offers scalability, performance, and interactivity. This paper also discusses the challenges encountered, solutions implemented, and future scope for improvement
Mga Guro sa Filipino na Nagtuturo ng Asignaturang ‘Di Filipino: Isang Multiple Case na Pananaliksik
No full textAng layunin ng multiple case na pag-aaral na ito ay upang galugarin ang mga karanasan,
tuklasin ang mga mekanismo sa pagharap sa mga hamon at malaman ang mga pananaw
sa mga naging karanasan ukol sa paglalakbay sa propesyonal na pag-unlad ng mga gurong
medyor sa Filipino na nagtuturo ng asignaturang hindi Filipino. Gamit ang purposive
sampling at pamantayan sa pagpipili ng mga kalahok, natukoy ang kalahok na 3 guro sa
medyor Filipino na nagtuturo ng asignaturang Science, MAPEH, at Mathematics at lahat
sila ay lumahok sa isang malalim na panayam. Ang mga resulta ay nagsiwalat ng mga
karanasan ng mga kalahok nakararanas ng hamon sa: Kahirapan sa Pagtuturo dulot ng
Kakulangan sa Kaalaman sa Asignaturang Ituturo; Pagsubok sa Pag-unawa ng Teknikal na
mga Termino at Kakulangan ng Kagamitan para sa Epektibong Pagtuturo. Bilang tugon sa
mga hamon na kanilang naranasan, itinuturing nilang mahalaga ang mga sumusunod na
mekanismo sa pagharap ng mga hamon: Wastong Pamamahala ng Oras; Positibong
Pagtanggap sa Hamon ng Pagtuturo; Pag-uugnay ng mga Malikhaing Aktibidad at Online
Games sa Aralin at pagtanggap sa sariling pangangailangan at sa kasalukuyang
sitwasyon. Sa pagninilay-nilay sa kanilang buong karanasan, narating nila ang mga
sumusunod na pananaw kahalagahan ng propesyonal na pag-unlad, Kahalagahan ng
Pasyon at Dedikasyon sa Pagtuturo, Kahalagahan ng Pagbibigay ng Seminars at Trainings
sa mga Guro; Paghihikayat sa Kapwa Guro ay may malaking ambag sa pag-aaral
