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How Much Should Governments Pay to Prevent Catastrophes? Longtermism's Limited Role
No full textLongtermists have argued that humanity should significantly increase its efforts to prevent catastrophes like nuclear wars, pandemics, and AI disasters. But one prominent longtermist argument overshoots this conclusion: the argument also implies that humanity should reduce the risk of existential catastrophe even at extreme cost to the present generation. This overshoot means that democratic governments cannot use the longtermist argument to guide their catastrophe policy. In this paper, we show that the case for preventing catastrophe does not depend on longtermism. Standard cost-benefit analysis implies that governments should spend much more on reducing catastrophic risk. We argue that a government catastrophe policy guided by cost-benefit analysis should be the goal of longtermists in the political sphere. This policy would be democratically acceptable, and it would reduce existential risk by almost as much as a strong longtermist policy
Theosis and Religion: Participation in Divine Life in the Eastern and Western Traditions. By NormanRussell. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2024. Pp. xiii, 235.£70.00 ( HB ) / £22.99 ( PB )
No full textHow does the universe renew itself?
No full textthis research presents a new vision and new Ideas to explain the regeneration of the universe, depending on the dynamic relationship between the two opposite space-time fabrics: the normal space-time fabric that moves from anthrop to the regularity or from the future to the past, and the reverse spacetime fabric that Is Moves from the past to the future. Or from the system to the entropy. The idea stems from the fact that the beginning of the universe was not just an explosion of energy, it occurred as a result of a severe crowding of wormholes at a critical point, because the difference between the two spacecraft is very large and very enormous, which led to the formation of wormholes to bring the difference closer, which led to Its intense crowding and explosion at a very small point, which led to the formation of the remnants of wormholes, which are photons. The inverse was larger and more spacious before the explosion, as this led to the superiority of the ordinary material after the explosion, because the reverse spacetime tissue is decomposed by the antimatter faster than the regular material, unlike the normal space-time tissue in which the decomposition occurs. For the regular substance is faster than the decomposition of the antibody and after this explosion. Some wormhole holes started to form again, but at a very lower percentage than those before the explosion. This part evolved to form black holes, as the antimatter is retained as a result of the presence of the normal space-time tissue inside due to the wormhole, while these holes continue to pull the normal space-time fabric and the blocks begin to form through the movement of the normal space-time tissue. The universe continues to regenerate through these processes, and it also studies how every time the universe Is renewed is faster than the time before, which leads to a point in the end. Ordinary to maintain space-time expansion. The research also presents a model of a cosmic law taken from my previous research, the first research, the theory of everything and the law of the universe. The second research modification of relativity and the third research how the universe speaks through consciousness. It links the two tissues with the expansion mechanisms of matter and the antimatter, as well as the suggestion of an engine that relies on the dynamic difference between the two spacecraft, to produce energy, through which we work to reach a very, very high speed, and this is an equation to achieve this E_T = M ×(Δx)²/t²
Artificial Intelligence: On M. Gabriel’s “New Ethics”
No full textThe “new ethics” of artificial intelligence proposed by M. Gabriel is critically evaluated.
It is argued that, unlike human intelligence, artificial intelligence is devoid of a normative
dimension, or, equivalently, context sensitivity. The author shows the contradiction between
M. Gabriel’s viewpoint and J. Benoist’s contextual realist approach to ethics, and T. Williamson’s
moral realism, according to which it is not principles that are primary, but moral perception in
context, paradigmatic examples of moral knowledge. The approaches to artificial intelligence
by M. Gabriel, D. Andler, L. Floridi, and S. Russell are compared. The validity of D. Andler’s
principle of moderation is affirmed. The realist conception of artificial intelligence (AI) is opposed
to its idealist conception
The Unconditional Basic Income Proposal as a Means to Promote Ecological and Socioeconomic Justice
No full textThis paper elucidates the inseparable connection between the pursuit of a more ecologically sustainable society and the quest for socioeconomic justice. It also demonstrates why Unconditional Basic Income (UBI) is an effective policy to act on both fronts. First, the corresponding theory on environmental and socioeconomic oppression sheds light on the argument that both types of domination stem from the same historical process and are inherently interconnected. Addressing one without considering the other is essentially flawed; they are both features and consequences of present society. Acknowledging the historical debt owed to vulnerable economic classes and developing countries is imperative. Green republicanism could potentially establish a theoretical foundation for social-ecological thinking. Defining freedom as non-domination and applying this concept to nature are essential prerequisites for overcoming socioeconomic and environmental oppression. UBI is presented and discussed theoretically as a strong solution to address these two challenges. It serves not only as a means to facilitate the transition to a post-productivist society, transforming labor relations, but also as a catalyst for the development of circular economies and more sustainable occupations. Additionally, the basic income policy implemented in the city of Maricá, Brazil, is cited as empirical evidence showcasing the environmental and socioeconomic values of UBI
Morality Does Not Encroach
No full textMoral encroachment is the thesis that morality has an effect---unrecognized by traditional epistemology---on which doxastic states are epistemically appropriate. The thesis is increasingly popular among those who, in opposition to Gendler (2011), desire harmony between epistemic and moral demands on belief. This paper has three main goals. First, drawing on attractive structural principles concerning belief and justification, it is shown that a thoroughgoing harmony between moral and epistemic demands is implausible. This weakens the motivation for positing moral encroachment, but a proponent might still hope that moral encroachment can have a significant effect, so that many of the central cases of apparent disharmony can be avoided. The next goal of the paper is to argue that any significant effect of moral encroachment would manifest itself in the credences which are most epistemically appropriate. Finally, it is shown that even a small effect of moral encroachment on credence is in tension with widely accepted basic constraints on epistemically appropriate credence
The FBI and the Rule of Law
No full textWritten testimony regarding the FBI and the rule of law provided to the U.S. House of Representatives Judiciary Committee, Subcommittee on Oversight, in conjunction with hearing and oral testimony on April 2, 2025
SMART GARBAGE MONITORING AND CLEARANCE ALERT SYSTEM USING INTERNET OF THINGS
No full textThe rapid urbanization and growing population have led to increased waste generation, necessitating
efficient and intelligent waste management systems. This project presents a Smart Garbage Monitoring and
Clearance Alert System utilizing the Internet of Things (IoT) to address this challenge. The system employs a
load sensor to measure the weight of waste in the dustbin, and an ultrasonic sensor to monitor the garbage level.
When the bin is nearly full, a servo motor is triggered to close the lid, preventing overflow and environmental
hazards. The ESP32 microcontroller serves as the central unit, managing sensor data and system operations.
Real-time garbage status is communicated wirelessly to municipal authorities through IoT, enabling timely waste
clearance and improving sanitation services. This solution ensures a cleaner environment by optimizing garbage
collection routes and reducing manual inspection efforts. College campuses have waste management concerns
due to insufficient collection and overflowing bins, which cause environmental and logistical issues. An IoTenabled smart trash system improves collection, lowers costs, and increases sustainability by assuring timely
garbage disposal and reducing buildup, resulting in a cleaner and more efficient campus environment
Structured Epistemic Truth – Volume I: Foundations, Perspectives, and Paradigmatic Shifts
No full textThis volume introduces the Structured Epistemic Model of Truth (SEMT), a layered framework for understanding truth in mathematical and logical contexts. SEMT challenges classical foundations by proposing a multi-level architecture where truths are validated through structural epistemic access. The volume outlines four core levels of SEMT, explores its philosophical and mathematical implications, and offers a potential framework for approaching famous problems such as the Continuum Hypothesis and P ≠ NP. SEMT invites a paradigm shift in how we conceptualize proof, undecidability, and epistemic ascent