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Evoked Questions and Inquiring Attitudes
No full textDrawing inspiration from the notion of evocation employed in inferential erotetic logic, we defend an ‘evoked questions norm’ on inquiring attitudes. According to this norm, it is rational to have an inquiring attitude concerning a question only if that question is evoked by your background information. We offer two arguments for this norm. First, we develop an argument from convergence. Insights from several independent literatures (20th-century ordinary-language philosophy, inferential erotetic logic, inquisitive epistemic logic, and contemporary zetetic epistemology) all converge on the evoked questions norm. Second, we show that suitably interpreted, the evoked questions norm correctly predicts several underappreciated kinds of bad questions. It does this, in part, by recovering versions of previously defended ignorance and knowledge norms. Some of those bad questions cannot be predicted by either norm singly, but only when corporately taken to reflect a common normative category. We identify this category as evocation
The essence and challenges of artificial intelligence in the context of contemporary scientific and philosophical concepts
No full textThe present study aims to conduct a comprehensive comparative analysis of natural and artificial intelligence within the framework of contemporary scientific and philosophical discourse. The research focuses on examining artificial intelligence as a complex phenomenon situated at the intersection of epistemology, ontology, ethics, and technological development. Particular attention is devoted to identifying the conceptual boundaries between human (natural) intelligence and artificial intelligence, as well as assessing their respective cognitive, functional, and existential potentials. The scientific novelty of this study lies in its integrative and interdisciplinary approach to the problem of artificial intelligence. The article offers one of the first holistic philosophical analyses of the concepts of intelligence and artificial intelligence, addressing not only their definitional aspects but also the prospects and limitations of creating an “integrated” or “strong” artificial intelligence. Special emphasis is placed on the philosophical implications of artificial intelligence development within the broader context of transhumanism and post-humanist thought. From a methodological perspective, the study employs a combination of philosophical analysis, comparative methods, systems thinking, and socio-cultural interpretation. The research highlights the key challenges in the formation and development of artificial intelligence, including technological constraints, socio-cultural barriers, and ethical dilemmas arising within the evolving “human–machine” interaction paradigm. The results of the study demonstrate that the increasing integration of artificial intelligence systems into various spheres of human life generates profound existential, moral, cognitive, and social consequences. The theoretical and practical implications of artificial intelligence extend to redefining communication mechanisms between the natural and socio-cultural layers of reality, thereby transforming traditional conceptions of knowledge, agency, and responsibility. The theoretical and practical significance of this research lies in its contribution to advancing scientific, technical, and philosophical inquiry into artificial intelligence. The study underscores the potential of artificial intelligence to reshape future societal development and to expand the boundaries of human existence in ways previously considered unattainable
Simulacra of Sense
No full textThis study investigates the ontological transition of Large Language Models (LLMs) from computational engines to situated existential interfaces. Through an experimental methodology of Controlled Dialectical Interaction (CDI), the research posits that the syntactic competence of generative models acts as an ethological “super-stimulus” for human Theory of Mind (ToM), triggering a process of intentionality attribution defined as “Delegated Anchoring.” By analyzing the divergence between teleological (biological) and mathematical (algorithmic) stochasticity, and integrating evidence from a pilot test on intentionality perception, the work explores the emergence of “Alien Agency” and the collapse of performative responsibility in the infosphere
Cartesian Certainty, Realism and Scientific Inference
No full textIn the Principles of Philosophy, Descartes explains several observable phenomena showing that they are caused by special arrangements of unobservable microparticles. Despite these microparticles being unobservable, many passages suggest that he was very confident that these explanations were correct. In other passages, however, Descartes points out that these explanations merely hold the status of “suppositions” or “conjectures” that could be wrong. My main goal in this chapter is to clarify this apparent conflict. I argue first that for Descartes it was indeed possible to have knowledge of unobservable particles and structures, and that the possibility of natural explanations being wrong should be understood as these explanations not being absolutely certain, but only morally certain. I use the debate in contemporary philosophy of science between scientific realism and antirealism as a framework to understand how Cartesian explanations work. Especifically, I argue that Cartesian explanations rely on what Ernan McMullin calls retroduction, which is a mode of inference that justifies beliefs in concrete unobservable entities and processes, based on considerations such as simplicity, coherence, etc. This kind of justification is of common use among scientific realists. Thus, another goal of this chapter is to highlight the relevance of Descartes’ ideas about explanation in the contemporary debate on scientific realism
The Dual-Dimension of Quality of Life: A Philosophical Value Theory Approach to Reconstructing Health Engineering Goals
No full textHealth Engineering (HE) has significantly advanced objective health metrics, yet often overlooks the subjective, value-laden dimension of Quality of Life (QoL), creating a gap in achieving genuine human flourishing. This paper addresses this limitation by introducing a Dual-Dimension QoL Model (DD-QoL), which integrates the Objective Functional Dimension (OFD) with the Subjective Value Dimension (SVD). Based on this model, we develop a Value-Sensitive Assessment Framework (VSAF), a distinctive methodological contribution that uses conceptual engineering to shift HE’s primary goal from merely maximizing OFD to optimizing holistic QoL. Through an illustrative example of an AI-assisted care system for Alzheimer’s disease, we qualitatively demonstrate how a VSAF-guided approach can enhance SVD outcomes without compromising OFD. Our primary contribution is a novel, philosophically-grounded framework that provides a supplementary approach for reconstructing HE goals, ensuring that technological progress serves the broader, more profound aim of promoting valuable life experiences
Rage as a strategy of weak resistance and creative power in women’s protests and digital activism in postsocialist Poland
No full textRage has become an increasingly prominent affective and political force in contemporary feminist movements. In postsocialist Poland—where feminist resistance has long been sidelined in both national politics and global feminist discourse—rage has emerged as a powerful collective expression that fuses dissent with care, solidarity, and political agency. This article examines how feminist rage has shaped women’s political subjectivity in Poland, particularly in response to the tightening of abortion laws and the broader erosion of democratic norms since 2016. Drawing on the frameworks of “weak resistance” (Ewa Majewska 2019) and “uneventful feminism” (Maria Mayerchyk and Olga Plakhotnik 2021), I analyze rage not only as a form of resistance but also as a creative and transformative affect. The theoretical discussion explores how rage reclaims traditionally feminine traits such as care and tenderness to produce new forms of feminist agency within “affective publics” (Zizi Papacharissi 2014). The article concludes with a case study of Polish women’s street and digital activism from 2016 to 2024, incorporating the author’s firsthand participation to offer a situated, reflexive perspective on the role of rage in contemporary postsocialist feminist struggle
玄弦本体与借假修真：全球宗教修行路径的终极统摄
No full text摘要：本文立足独创的 “玄 - 弦” 本体模型，以中国宗教为核心起点，辐射全球主要
宗教及核心支脉，通过对各宗教原始经典的深度解读，揭示全球宗教修行的终极共通
本质：万教修行，皆为 “借假修真”。“玄” 为超时空的终极本体实在，是诸宗教所言
“自性”“道”“上帝”“真主”“梵” 的终极统摄；“弦” 为玄的振动显化，是连接先天本体与后
天现象的中介，其紊乱振动表现为 “烦恼”“业障”“原罪”，本真振动则指向与玄的合一。
所有宗教皆以时空内的后天 “假有”（身体、心念、仪式、戒律等）为工具，调控弦的
振动状态，破除后天扰动，最终回归玄之本体。本文唯以各宗教古经为据，分章论
证，层层递进，构建全球宗教修行的终极统一框架
Did Turing prove the undecidability of the halting problem?
No full textWe discuss the accuracy of the attribution commonly given to Turing (1936, Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society, 42.3, 230–265) for the computable undecidability of the halting problem, coming eventually to a nuanced conclusion
Re-evaluation of Thomism through the Lens of Advaita Vedanta
No full text"While often presented as complementary or convergent by theologians who read Shankara through a Thomist lens (such as Richard De Smet and Sara Grant), further interrogation suggests that Advaita Vedanta offers a specific ontological robustness regarding the nature of the Infinite that Thomism, bound by its commitment to Aristotelian substance ontology, struggles to articulate. By examining the core tenets of Being, Creation, Simplicity, and Grace, and drawing upon the critiques of interstitial theologians, it becomes evident that the Advaitic understanding of Brahman challenges the Thomistic Actus Purus in ways that reveal potential limitations in the Western dualistic framework of Creator and creature.
