Journal of Architecture, Planning and Construction Management
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Modelling of Unauthorized Land Use Sprawl using High Resolution Data and GIS Based-Cellular Automata
Get PDFThis study uses Cellular Automata (CA) model, Geography Information System (GIS) and remote sensing data to produce trend and sprawl pattern simulation of un-authorized land use in Kuantan, Pahang. The objective of this study is to forecast the trend and movement of un-authorized land uses for the year 2015. The author has identified three categories of land use that have the potential to sprawl as un-authorized land uses which consist of housing, commercial, and industry. Two land use maps were produced, the land use map for the year 2005 was produced using remote sensing image of IKONOS, meanwhile the land use map for the year 1990 was produced through digitizing process using GIS software. Based on the two maps, the un-authorized land use sprawl direction and pattern simulation for the year 2015 were produced. Sprawl analysis that uses spatial development features namely leap frogging, land use segregation and highway strips for the year 1990 and 2005 was also carried out to determine the trend of sprawl based on their development features. A calibration process was also carried out on the 1990-2005 land use map by using a combination of CA component and GIS in order to fix CA parameter on simulation for year 2015. The result shows land use mapping using remote sensing achieved an accuracy level of more than 85 percent (%). Using spatial development analysis, it was found that the three spatial development features studied showed that the study area experienced land use sprawl and that most land use development occurred along major roads within the study area. The result for sprawl calibration also showed correlation level of more than 90% was achieved for analysis done on land use simulation result for the year 2005 and the actual land use for the same year. The simulation also showed land use changes that are significant where percent of changes showed an increase of 20.6% change of non-built-up land use to built-up land use compared to year 1990. The trend and movement pattern also shows that land uses in the study area expanded following the development of major road infrastructure producing ribbon land use development pattern more than 50% were developed as housing area. This proved the tendency of land use classes to develop as un-authorized land use and used as input in producing a general guidelines for urban planning particularly for detecting un-authorized land use development. This also provide evidence that the combination of operational technologies in CA model is able to produce a model development that is sound both from the technical and practical aspects to be used in the field of urban planning
The Application Of Islamic Arts Decoration In Mosque Interior: A Case Study Of The Traditional Mosque In Melaka
Get PDFThis research discussed the concept of ‘Tawhid’ as the doctrine in Islam; and the way Islam perceives Beauty in its decorative arts as a mean of contemplation and Remembering Allah. In order to understand these hidden functions and messages, the overall approach, roles, functions and typologies of decoration are explained. The uniqueness of Islamic Arts’ characteristics, roles, meanings and principles are governed universally by the Islamic doctrine – ‘Tawhid’ which expressed Oneness and Unity towards Contemplation to the One God – Allah. By looking at these aspects, one can truly assess whether the current usage of decorative motifs in mosque is in full success or not. A cross-reference of these usages is established with the true roles and functions of these decoration motifs as decoration in relation to Islamic Art as a whole. Successful applications of the interior decorative motifs can then be established and recommended for future applications. It is the intention of the study to be as an impetus for other broader and more critical analyses which can be made by others to fully comprehend the underlying concepts of the decorative motifs in the mosque interiors. A base reference study was made onto the oldest traditional mosque in the South East Asia region- Masjid Agung Demak in Central Java, Indonesia. Field studies were made to cover eight selected traditional mosques in Melaka: Masjid Peringgit, Masjid Kampung Hulu, Masjid Tengkera, Masjid Kampung Keling, Masjid Kampung Duyong, Masjid Serkam Pantai, Masjid Alai and Masjid Al Azim. These mosques were chosen based on their built age – on two separate eras – the old traditional mosques: Masjid Peringgit, Masjid Kampung Keling, Masjid Kampung Hulu, Masjid Kampung Duyong, Masjid Tengkera, Masjid Serkam Pantai and Masjid Alai have been built since the 18th and 19th Century and been treated as community mosques. These mosques are still in use, well maintained and conserved. The new traditional mosque, Masjid Al Azim is of the 20th Century, is a new and larger scale mosque, treated as the State Mosque in Melaka. Surveys were done to record and identify the decorative motifs in these mosques and to evaluate the users’ awareness and the effectiveness of these decorations. The aesthetic criteria of the decoration elements which have profound impacts onto the users are also identified. Furthermore, a close examination and analyses regarding certain aspects of the physical characteristics of the decorative motifs are presented. Through the survey and observation study of these decorations, various physical and aesthetic factors were identified. These factors were then referred to formulate the general design criterion in relation to the application of decoration in mosque. By fully understanding the role of decoration, further improvements can be recommended to ensure better and effective usage of decoration particularly in mosques
Urban Ex-Landfill as Built Environment: Community Perception
Get PDFThe continuous process of urbanism and urban sprawl has resulted 115 numbers of ex-landfill site become a part of the city’s image and the urban built environment. The urges to meets the needs of urban society for improve quality of life and adequate urban spaces in tandem with the increase of urban economic and social development become the demanding factor to redevelop ex-landfill site within the urban vicinity. In the context of development in Malaysia, five types of redevelopment of ex-landfill site have been identified; including the redevelopment as a public park. Redevelopment of ex-landfill site as public park is often regards as the most ideal development. The redevelopment is said be able to mitigate the environmental problems that exist due to the effects of ex-landfill contamination and create improvement in the quality of life, recreational and social well-being of urban society. However, questions on what is the main issues of ex-landfill site in accordance with the perception of local community, what type of priority scale on the redevelopment of ex-landfill according to the Malaysian public opinion and is the redevelopment of public park at the ex-landfill site is acceptable to the Malaysian society, arise as problem question. Thus, this paper attempts to answer the questions based on the community perception. By using the respondent perception’s data which is community surrounding the ex-landfill site and public park at the ex-landfill site; and also expert’s perception, the results indicate the suitability of the redevelopment of the ex-landfill site in the future Malaysia urban development
Interrogating The Architectural Conscience
Get PDFThis paper explores the increasingly intrusive aspect of ‘ugliness’ marring the architectural urban built environment today focusing on the underlying connotations of the inherent mindset. Questions arise as to why, who or what is responsible and what can be done about it? A wide literature review, addressing this issue from varying standpoints, is presented here as supporting evidence of this persistent trend of ‘ugliness’ defacing our cities and negatively affecting the quality of life since the mid-19th Century and the time of Ruskin. Findings confirm a direct link between the visible aspect of ugliness and the mindset of society. Modernity, tradition, the role of the architect, architecture and the dilemmas facing the architectural practice today are visited. Issues of ethics, morality, aesthetic values, and general wellbeing appear pertinent. Maintaining individual identity appears as a valid need. It is surmised that there is no singular all-encompassing solution to suit all but that each society, through its unique cultural and geographic environment, potentially holds within its own heritage the remedy; an example being the Muslim Society which has a rich heritage and is governed by well documented principles. The aim of this paper is to continue to emphasize the urgency of the problem and proposes that the route to salvation starts from within; in the mind. Attainment of knowledge and revitalizing traditional values are seen as conducive to a practical solution. This is especially significant in the current globalization and technological advancement
An Observation on Provision and Consideration of Seating in the Superregional Shopping Complexes in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Get PDFIncreasing numbers of shopping complex development in Malaysia, especially in Kuala Lumpur were obviously seen for the past 10 years. Big shopping complexes seem to attract lots of visitors due to their commercial variations and outlook images. The bigger the shopping complex, the longer time-spend at the shopping complexes. Conveniences to shop and rest were major factors in influencing the mood to shop, to enjoy leisure activities or just window shopping. As shopping complexes becoming most frequently visited places in urban area, comfort has become an important issue. Comfort on seating facilities has become an issue to shoppers, at regional size shopping complexes. Investigation on seating provision requires further research to ensure shoppers are comfortable and will attract to visit the shopping complex frequently. Thus, the paper presents a finding on the observation of seating provision and the consideration of seating aspects in superregional shopping complexes in Kuala Lumpur. The consideration of few aspects of seating such as type, arrangement, location, material and number of seating has been identified. The research found that the aspects of seating at three selected shopping complexes do satisfy the users. However, total number of seating at Suria KLCC is inadequate as compared to One Utama Shopping Center and Mid Valley Megamall since it has the highest number of visitors per year. Based on the findings also, seating is in need due to the activities done in shopping complexes which is related to the users’ duration of stay. Consideration on the provision of seating seems to have positive feedback by the users’ thus it enhances the business and benefited the shopping complexes management
A Review on KAED's Performance in the Implementation of the Islamicisation of Acquired HUman Knowledge (IoHK) in Architecture and Built Environment
Get PDFThis paper reports on a study reviewing the performance of the Kulliyyah of Architecture and Environmental Design (KAED) International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) in the implementation of Islamicisation of Acquired Human Knowledge (IoHK) in architecture and the built environment in programmes it conducts. Using quantitative data on outputs in the key areas of teaching and learning and in research and publication outputs of its academic staff and students over a period of 17 years since its establishment in 1996 KAED’s performance, in terms of effort in implementing IoHK, has been obvious but the level of achievement is considered mediocre. Acknowledging that more effort is required the paper concludes with recommendations on the best way forward for KAED. The paper also provides recommendations on how best to bring the IoHK effort to the global scene so as to benefit other universities keen to implement IoHK in architecture and the built environment and calls upon the Muslim Ummah to preserve Islamic architectural and cultural heritage for the benefit of future generations
Investigation of Quality of Cost Data input in Life Cycle Cost (LCC) Analysis in Malaysia
Get PDFommentators often pointed out that the main focus of local practitioners and scholars in the Malaysian construction industry is considerably on LCC conversion, which includes the methodology and models of computing LCC, but very little emphasis has been given on the quality of cost data as inputs into process of producing a reliable and comprehensive LCC analysis. This paper presents the outcomes of investigation on the quality of cost data input used into the practice of LCC analysis for building works in the Malaysian construction industry.
This paper reports part of a three-year research programme to enhance the quality of LCC outputs through the enhancement of quality data input requirements. The quality of cost data input in LCC analysis was assessed using a modified Delphi approach to establish consensuses of expert opinions regarding the state of data availability, accessibility, currency and reliability degrees in the practice of LCC analysis in the Malaysian construction industry.
The modified Delphi questionnaire was carried out in three rounds with a group of panellists that has expertise, knowledge and skills in LCC. Looking at the results, the majority of the panellists reached consensus there is limited availability and inaccessibility of current and reliable cost data, which can be used as inputs for LCC analysis in the Malaysian construction industry. The results also established that no single data source has been identified as ready and complete to be used as input for the comprehensive LCC estimation for building works in the Malaysian construction industry
STREETSCAPE AT JALAN TEMENGGUNG, KOTA BHARU, KELANTAN: EVALUATING ITS EFFECTIVENESS TOWARDS THE WALKING CULTURE
Get PDFThis research concerns the visual perception of alternative approaches and methods in urban environments for the transformation of streetscape requiring direct involvement of the users in creating a comfortable and satisfying environment for the community. The aim is to embody a good walking culture in Bandar Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Jalan Temenggung. Since the shop houses' income is decreasing due to the low population coming to the city, new modernized buildings are underway to improve the area’s revenues. This is important to raise and encourage community involvement in the process of preserving Jalan Temenggung’s shop houses culture and heritage. The objective of this paper is to evaluate factors that influenced the architecture interventions on walking culture in the study area. The advent of walking culture architectural projects was motivated by the lack of walking activity in the area and the deterrent of revenue against the heritage shop house. The respondents were asked to rate the streetscape according to the efficacy of the current streetscape. The result of defining physical characteristics and evaluating public expectations about the implications of existing urban streetscape design. In addition, to create good governance in urban planning and design, the finding may be useful to many stakeholders, such as shop house owners themselves to conserve and preserve the culture and heritage of the shop houses