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End-weight at its most dynamic : Prosodic prominence as a factor promoting morphophonological marking
Full text linkThis contribution supports and extends the principle of end-weight, first formulated by Quirk et al. (1972) to describe the tendency of heavy constituents to appear late in a sentence. Developing this principle further, we argue that it favours the addition of (functionally non-neutral) morphological markers to sentence-final constituents, which are typically characterized by prosodic prominence. The markers we study are undergoing diachronic establishment or loss and are thus temporarily variable. They represent rather diverse categories in different West Germanic languages and varieties (English, Northern Low German, Frisian) and have been gathered from different periods. Examples include inflectional endings of nouns, adjectives, finite verbs and infinitives, pro-form uses of possessives and the adjective other, prepositional choices, the a-prefix and periphrastic doon ‘do’. We suggest that end-weight is scalar, with absolute sentence-final position producing the strongest effects
Connecting the dots : how social networks shape macroeconomic expectations
Full text linkStandard behavioral frameworks often overlook how social network topology shapes the coordination of inflation expectations. To address this, I build a hybrid agent-based model that integrates “narrative-rooted” heuristics within a standard New Keynesian structural scaffold. In this framework, beliefs evolve through dual channels: performance-based selection (heuristic switching) and social diffusion (DeGroot learning). Simulations across canonical topologies reveal that seeding a target-based narrative in high-centrality nodes compresses forecast dispersion and accelerates convergence. However, a structural trade-off emerges: while performance evaluations dampen distorting narratives, strong social persuasion reduces volatility but simultaneously decouples expectations from economic fundamentals. This occurs because agents prioritize peer alignment over objective data, highlighting the double-edged nature of social networks: they stabilize expectations when credible narratives diffuse through hubs, but sever the link between beliefs and fundamentals when conformity overrides economic signals
Queueing model MAP|PH|1|N with feedback operating in the Markovian random environment
Full text linkQueueing systems with feedback are well suited for the description of message transmission and manufacturing processes where a repeated service is required. In the present paper we investigate a rather general single server queue with a Markovian Arrival Process (MAP), Phase-type (PH) service-time distribution, a finite buffer and feedback which operates in a random environment. A finite state Markovian random environment affects the parameters of the input and service processes and the feedback probability. The stationary distribution of the queue and of the sojourn times as well as the loss probability are calculated. Moreover, Little’s law is derived
Flying with clipped wings : dynamic capabilities of publicly owned health care providers
No full textIn highly regulated public organizations, dynamic capabilities might be of a completely different nature since opportunity recognition (sensing) and strategic decision-making (seizing) are taken over by the regulator. The spirit of a dynamic
capability is retained at the level of operational-level entrepreneurship. We elaborate on the only part of the dynamic capability left to highly regulated public organizations: the reconfiguration of the resource base addressing the expectations of the
regulator. Using longitudinal panel data from a sample of general practitioners from public hospitals in Ukraine, we legitimize the construct of reconfiguration-centred dynamic capability and test its impact on hospitals’ performance
Ländervorgaben zum Personalschlüssel und ihre Bedeutung für die Prozessqualität in Kindertageseinrichtungen im internationalen Vergleich : Eine Metaanalyse
Full text linkDer Personalschlüssel ist eines der meistuntersuchtesten Strukturqualitätsmerkmale zum Einfluss auf die Prozessqualität in Kitas. Internationale Forschungsbefunde legen nahe, dass die Prozessqualität in Kita-Gruppen von bestimmten Grenzwerten des Personalschlüssels abhängt. In vielen Ländern existieren daher auf politischer Steuerungsebene Vorgaben zur maximal zulässigen Anzahl der Kinder pro pädagogischer Fachkraft in Form von allgemeinen Empfehlungen oder offiziellen Richtwerten. Die vorliegende Metaanalyse zielt darauf ab, die Bedeutung solcher Ländervorgaben für den Zusammenhang des Personalschlüssels und der Prozessqualität in Kitas anhand von Moderatorenanalysen zu untersuchen. Die Ergebnisse der 139 Effektstärken aus 45 Publikationen und 14 Ländern belegen, dass ungünstigere Personalschlüssel mit einer geringeren Prozessqualität in altersgemischten Gruppen und Gruppen für unter Dreijährige zusammenhängen. Die Existenz von Landesvorgaben zum Personalschlüssel, die wissenschaftlichen Empfehlungen entsprechen, weist nur in altersgemischten Gruppen auf geringere Zusammenhänge hin. Die Ergebnisse werden mit Blick auf die Definition von Ländervorgaben und deren Relevanz, besonders für altersgemischte Gruppen und jüngere Kinder, diskutiert.Child-staff ratios are one of the most studied structural quality characteristics in terms of their influence on process quality in childcare centers. International research findings suggest that the process quality in childcare groups depends on specific threshold values of the child-staff ratio. In many countries, official guidelines exist that impose restrictions on the maximum number of children per staff member in the form of general recommendations or official regulations. This meta-analysis examines the importance of such regulations and whether they moderate the relationship between child-staff ratios and process quality in childcare centers. The results of the moderator analysis across 139 effect sizes from 45 publications and 14 countries show negative correlations between less favorable child-staff ratios and process quality in mixed-age groups and groups for children under 3 years. However, the existence of country regulations for child-staff ratios corresponding to scientific recommendations only points to lower correlations in mixed-age groups. Based on these results, the authors discuss the definition of country regulations and their relevance, particularly for mixed-age groups and younger children
A fugaz narrativa da ausência : Contos de Luiz Sérgio Metz
Full text linkOs contos de Luiz Sérgio Metz, «O primeiro e o segundo homem» (1981), apresentam momentos fugazes de uma narrativa da ausência, em que se conta o não acontecido no mundo ficcional, onde há espaço para o não dito e o não visto, inclusive o não pensado. Uma poética da ausência, uma poética do desaparecimento. Escreve-se, nos dias de hoje e também em 1981, do ponto de vista da «cidade letrada» (Ángel Rama dixit) e do mundo da gauchesca só restam os relatos, as narrativas herdadas. São indícios de que aquele mundo talvez tenha existido, exógeno ao texto literário, o que fez Luiz Sérgio Metz embrenhar-se na tarefa de recuperar o perdido, um processo de arqueologia literária. Ainda mais, escrever em 1981 sobre a base histórica, mítica e literária da gauchesca implicava desfazer-se de inúmeras capas culturais, especialmente a folclórica, que já tinham conotado em demasia o mundo do sempre citado e vulgarizado «centauro das coxilhas», «centauro dos pampas» ou alguma outra denominação semelhante. A não-memória do que há pouco tempo ainda era e estava presente, física ou imaginariamente, exige uma representação literária a partir de fugazes momentos de ausência.Luiz Sérgio Metz's short stories, «O primeiro e o segundo homem» («The First and Second Man», 1981), present fleeting moments of a narrative of absence, recounting what did not happen in the fictional world, where there is room for the unsaid and the unseen, including the unthought. A poetics of absence, a poetics of disappearance. Nowadays, as in 1981, writing is done from the perspective of the «literate city» («ciudad letrada», Ángel Rama dixit), and all that remains of the gaucho world are the stories, the inherited narratives. These are indications that that world may have existed, exogenous to the literary text, which led Luiz Sérgio Metz to embark on the task of recovering what was lost, a process of literary archaeology. Moreover, writing in 1981 about the historical, mythical, and literary basis of gaucho culture meant discarding countless cultural layers, especially folkloric ones, which had already overly connoted the world of the oft cited and vulgarized «centaur of the hills» («centauro das coxilhas»), «centaur of the pampas» («centauro dos pampas»), or some other similar name. The non-memory of what was still present, physically or imaginatively, not long ago requires a literary representation based on fleeting moments of absence
Measuring cue-elicited responding in the context of gaming and online shopping : Validity and reliability of a short Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer paradigm
Full text linkCue-elicited habits are considered relevant in the development and maintenance of addictive behaviors. To investigate this mechanism in online shopping and gaming, this study developed and evaluated a short Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer (PIT) paradigm with gaming- and shopping-related cues and a devaluation procedure. Additionally, the retest reliability of this short PIT paradigm was assessed. A sample with game use (N = 32) and a sample with use of shopping websites (N = 31) performed the PIT paradigm twice and an Approach-Avoidance Task in between. During both sessions of the PIT paradigm, either the gaming- or shopping-related reward (depending on the sample) was devalued by eliminating its availability. While gaming-related cues enhanced responding for the gaming-related reward (gaming PIT effect), shopping-related cues triggered responding for the shopping-related reward (shopping PIT effect). This cue-elicited responding was reduced, but not eliminated, after devaluation, which might indicate habit-like responding. Furthermore, subgroup analyses revealed similar responding towards cues displaying favorite and non-favorite games/shopping websites. The magnitudes of the PIT effects demonstrated moderate stability. Although replication in clinical samples and over longer time intervals is warranted, our PIT paradigm may enable a reliable and economic assessment of cue-elicited responding in the context of gaming and online shopping
Self-Disclosure in Metaverse-based Mental Healthcare : The Role of Avatars
Full text linkGiven the rise of mental health issues and healthcare system limitations, the metaverse emerges as a promising platform for care delivery. Patients and physicians can meet virtually, overcoming constraints of traditional online communication by using avatars. While patient self-reporting is crucial for diagnosis and treatment, little is known about how avatars, core elements of the metaverse, influence communication behavior in such situations. This study explores how avatar identification impacts self-disclosure intention in VR-based mental healthcare, focusing on the roles of self-presence and perceived anonymity. In a lab experiment conducted in Germany using VRChat, 62 participants engaged in simulated one-on-one mental healthcare sessions. Results show that both similarity and wishful identification are significantly associated with self-presence and perceived anonymity. However, only self-presence has a significant positive relationship with self-disclosure intention. These findings advance research on metaverse and telehealth, highlighting the importance of user-avatar dynamics in designing future metaverse mental healthcare interventions
Self-Disclosure in Metaverse-based Mental Healthcare : The Role of Avatars
Full text linkGiven the rise of mental health issues and healthcare system limitations, the metaverse emerges as a promising platform for care delivery. Patients and physicians can meet virtually, overcoming constraints of traditional online communication by using avatars. While patient self-reporting is crucial for diagnosis and treatment, little is known about how avatars, core elements of the metaverse, influence communication behavior in such situations. This study explores how avatar identification impacts self-disclosure intention in VR-based mental healthcare, focusing on the roles of self-presence and perceived anonymity. In a lab experiment conducted in Germany using VRChat, 62 participants engaged in simulated one-on-one mental healthcare sessions. Results show that both similarity and wishful identification are significantly associated with self-presence and perceived anonymity. However, only self-presence has a significant positive relationship with self-disclosure intention. These findings advance research on metaverse and telehealth, highlighting the importance of user-avatar dynamics in designing future metaverse mental healthcare interventions