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Application of 3-D Euler Deconvolution Technique to Aeromagnetic Data of Ilorin and Osi, Northcentral Nigeria
Get PDFEuler deconvolution of the Aeromagnetic Data of Ilorin and Osi in the North central part of Nigeria was carried out to identify, determine the depths to various magnetic sources and the geometry of the magnetic sources with prescribed values of the structural indices that ranges from 1.0 to 3.0 in the study area. Analytic signal grid was obtained from the Aeromagnetic map of the study area. Furthermore, the Euler solutions for structural index of 1.0 have their depths values ranging from 106 to 360 m for Ilorin and 71 to 389 m for Osi, while for structural index of 2.0 have their depth values ranging from 185 to 571 m for Ilorin and 167 to 523 m for Osi and structural index of 3.0 have their depths values ranging from 276 to 750 m for Ilorin and 280 to 743 m for Osi. The result from the interpretation of the obtained different structural indices has enabled a rapid determination of the locations and depths of magnetic sources such as sills and dykes which could be attributed to occurrence of feldspar in the study area
Investigation on the Effect of Spindle Speed and Traveller Weight on the Tensile Properties of 21s Ne Cotton Ring Spun Yarns
Get PDFThis study focused on the effect of spindle speed and traveler weight on the tensile properties of 21s Ne 100% cotton carded ring spun yarns. A set of five different traveler weights and three different spindle speeds were used for ring spinning of 21’s Ne 100% cotton yarn under working conditions so as to optimize these two parameters for spinning carded ring-spun yarns good tenacity. The 21’s Ne 100% cotton carded ring-spun yarns thus produced were tested for their tensile properties such as tenacity and breaking elongation using ASTM standards. The results showed that the combination of 13000 rpm spindle speed and the traveler weight of 45mg produced the optimum tenacity ring spun yarns
The Source Parameter Imaging (SPI) method for estimation of depth to buried magnetic sources from gridded digital data of the Sokoto Basin, Nigeria: Implications in exploration Geophysics
Get PDFAnalysis of high resolution aeromagnetic data over the study area has been carried out using Source Parameter Imaging SPITM to explore for hydrocarbon potential in the entire Sokoto basin of Nigeria. It is bounded by longitudes 3.50 oE and 7.00 oE and latitudes 10.00 oE and 14.00 oN. Three grids (dx, dy and dz) were obtained before the SPI was calculated. Those grids were use of Oasis Montaj by carefully using appropriate cut-off wavelength of the area. Those grids later serve as input grids for SPI calculations. The result shows that the Sedimentary thicknesses in the north central part is much higher than those of the southern part of the study area, the SPI values vary gradually within these sub-basins in the northcentral. As one traverses the basin from the north towards the southwest the sedimentary thickness decreases and rest directly on the Precambrian basement. However, profiles across these sub-basin in the north, revealed that Sedimentary thickness range from 460 m to 3009.5 m. The profile 1 corresponds to the Gwandu Formation, which forms the Post-Paleocene continental terminal and occurs in the northwestern part of Sokoto. While the profile 2 corresponds to Kalambaina and Dange Formations, which constitute the Sokoto group and is of marine origin. This marine sedimentary layer dips gently and thickens gradually towards the northcentral, with a maximum thickness of over 3000 m near border with Niger Republic, is attributed to deep seated volcanic and magnetic sources. While areas of shallow seated magnetic bodies in the southern part attributed to presence of sandstones, ironstones, shales, graphites, limestones, intrusives and other near-surface magnetic minerals, ranges from 154. 0 m to 1000 m. The general trend in the orientation of the TMI and SPI map are found to be predominantly in the NE-SW and NW-SE related to the Pan – African Orogeny trends. Therefore, Dange and Kalmalo with sedimentary thickness of over 3.0 km could be sufficient for hydrocarbon maturatio
Identification of Foot and Mouth Disease Virus Isolates Using Vp1 Gene Sequencing
Get PDFFoot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a severely infectious and economically devastating viral disease worldwide, which affects domestic animals with cloven hooves (artiodactyls) and more than 70 species of wild animals. The virus is highly variable with 7 serotypes and numerous subtypes. VP1 is the main immunogenic viral protein of FMDV and using Reverse TranscriptionPolymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) and nucleotide sequencing, it can be used to characterize type, subtype and determine genetic distances among circulating FMD viruses. The aim of the study was to use VP1 gene sequencing to identify FMDV isolates obtained from the Central Veterinary Laboratory, Harare, Zimbabwe. A total of 35 probang samples were collected from the virology section at CVL. The samples consisted of stored probangs collected from FMDV infected cattle in 2014 and 2015. The VP1 gene was successfully amplified by RT-PCR in16 samples. Only 9 samples that had strong PCR bands were sequenced and used to identify FMD viruses using similarity based annotation approaches. Out of the 9 PCR products sequenced, 7 VP1 sequences were submitted to GenBank and assigned the following accession numbers: KT879751, KT879752, KT879753, KT879754, KT879755, KT879756 and KT879757. Similarity based annotation using BLAST analysis revealed that 5 of the isolates (KT879751, KT879752, KT879753, KT879754 and KT879755) belonged to the FMDV SAT 2 serotype. The remaining 2 isolates (KT879756 and KT879757) belonged to the FMDV SAT1 serotype. Phylogenetic analysis of these sequences using MEGA 7 showed that the viruses formed 3 clusters based on the VP1 gene sequences, 1 for SAT1 and 2 for SAT2, which implied that the SAT 2 isolates belong to 2 distinct topotypes. Our findings indicate that both the SAT2 and SAT1 serotypes are in circulation in Zimbabwe and that VP1 gene based sequencing is a useful tool for detection and identification of FMDV isolates
Comparative Study of the Chemical Constituents of Bitter Kola (Garcinia Kola) and Cola Nut (Cola Acuminata) Seeds Extracts: , kola, isolation, purification, chromatography.
No full textPowdered form of the dried seeds of Garcinia kola and Cola acuminata were separately cold extracted with dichloromethane (DCM). Phytochemical screening of the DCM extracts of the seeds showed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, tannins, steroids and glycosides. The study also revealed the presence of terpenoids in G. kola which was apparently absent in C. acuminata. The chemical constituents were investigated using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) while Isolation and purification of the major constituents of the two seeds were carried out using Column Chromatography and Preparative Thin Layer Chromatography. The FT-IR analyses revealed O-H stretching vibration of an alcohol at 3427 cm-1, C=O stretching of an ester at 1703 cm-1, N-H stretch of amide at 3111 cm-1 in G. kola isolate and the O-H stretching band of an alcohol at 3346 cm-1, the C=C stretching of an alkene at 1685 cm1 and aliphatic C-H stretching at 2924 cm-1 in C. acuminata. The compounds identified from G. kola through the NIST data are as follows: caffeine (RT=13.000, 31.41%), 9-octadecenoic acid, (E)- (RT=14.204, 4.42%), 9-octadecenamide, (Z)- (RT=16.120, 8.89%), Phthalic acid, di (2-propylpentyl) ester (RT=16.919, 6.37%), Beta-amyrin (olean-12-en-3-ol) (RT=17.525, 24.53%) and Alpha-amyrin (RT=18.744, 21.97%) while C. acuminata identified n-hexadecanoic acid (RT=12.871, 32.02%), 9- octadecenoic acid, (E) - (RT=14.190, 28.94%), 9-octadecenamide (Z) - (RT=16.427, 1.65%), and phthalic acid, di (2-propylpentyl) ester (RT=16.918, 19.09%)
Guest Editors and Reviewers
Get PDFWe would like to thank the following guest editors and reviewers for ZJST Volume 11 (2016).
Abraham E. M.Abrakasa. S.Alabi A. B.Alpu ÖAzubike C.Babawuro. S.Baricholo P.Basopo N.Chikodza, E.Chuma C.Dhlamini. Z.Dlamini. N.Dube S.Dube. L.Emami H.Gadaga T. HGonde, P.Goriwondo. WHlatywayo D. J.Hussein Y.Ibrahim. T. TIgboh N. M.Ijeh I. I.Ikewuchi C. J.Jacomet MKofke D.Kuye S.ILawal I.Lawal H. HLawal. T. OMacherera MMadzudzo. E.Majoni S..Mbanga J.Mhlanga. S.MohammedDabo I.A.Monisola I. I.Moyo SMtunzi B.Mugwagwa. L.Murena E.Muyengwa, G.Muzhingi T.Naik, Y.SNkiwane L. CNkiwane T. GNleya M.Nyathi. T.Nyathi.H.Ofem EOgunleye. O. OOkoro. H. KOlanitola O S.Olawale A.Olawepo .O.Olu, L.Omigie M. I.Omorogiuwa. A.Sadanand P.Shehu A. TSibanda S.Sibanda. VSiwela A. H.Sunday J. A.Tickson, S.T.Tshuma. J.Ugwueze. C.Uyoata, U. E.Vakita, V.Winberg SZimwara D
Antimicrobial Activities of Acalypha Wilkesiana (Red Acalypha) Extracts in Some Selected Skin Pathogens
Get PDFThe study investigated the antimicrobial activities of Acalypha wilkesiana (Red acalypha) extracts in some selected skin pathogens. The plant leaves were collected, dried under shade, pulverized and extracted respectively with distilled water, hexane and methanol (in soxhlet extractor apparatus). The respective crude extracts were concentrated using a rotary evaporator and phytochemical screening was performed using standard methods. Isolation of oil from hexane extract was done using vacuum liquid chromatography while characterization was done by gas chromatograhy-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The result indicated that glycoside, terpenes, and alkaloid were present in the three extract. Major components detected from the oil were 15-hydroxy pentadecanoic acid (Rt: 16.24, 9.84%), 1,2, 3-propanetriyl ester 9-octadecanoic acid (Retention time (Rt) : 17.47, 11.54%), an unsaturated fatty acid and cholesterol (Rt: 17.86, 36.13%). The antimicrobial analysis revealed zones of inhibition at a concentration of 1000mg/ml: 12.5mm (Escherichia coli), 17.8mm (Pseudomonas aeruginosa), 15.6mm (Proteus vulgaris), 18.5mm (Staphylococcus aureus) and 16 mm (Candida albicans) for aqueous extracts. For hexane and methanol extracts, a dose dependent activity was observed when compared with the standard control antibiotics (Ciprofloxacin). The study revealed that A.wilkesiana extracts contains bioactive constituents with high antimicrobial activity against skin microflora germs and could potentially posses rich medicinal values when subjected to further chemical and pharmacological studies. This study has thus corroborated the use of the plant in traditional treatment of skin bacteria by decoction baths
Modified Pena’s Measure for Detecting Influential Observations in Biased Estimators
No full textThe detection of influential observations is an important aspect of model building in linear regression analysis because of their unduly large influence on regression coefficients. Different diagnostics measures on identifying these observations have been developed. In this list is the Pena’s statistic diagnostic measure. In this study, Pena’s approach is modified to Liu estimator (LE) and Two-parameter Liu-Ridge estimator (TPE). The performance of the proposed diagnostic for LE and TPE on detecting an influential observation is evaluated with two real life data. Results shows that that the proposed Pena measure performs very effectively in identifying influential observations and agrees with previous studies
Assessment of Terrestrial 40k, 238u And 232th Activities in Soil Within the Basement Complex Terrain of West Central Part of Nigeria
Get PDFAssessment of natural radioactivity in soil samples have been made within the basement complex terrain of Tanke district of Ilorin in west central part of Nigeria. The work has been carried out keeping in mind the health effects of radio-elements in the environment and evolution of the area as satellite town of the University of Ilorin. The results revealed the presence of potassium, uranium and thorium radio-elements. The activity of the radionuclides range from 252.03 to 494.02 Bq Kg-1 for 40K with a mean of 379.30 ± 31.15 Bq Kg-1 , 2.08 to 12.87 Bq Kg-1 for 238U having a mean of 6.81 ± 2.03 Bq Kg-1 and 232Th activity ranges from 6.55 to 11.85 Bq Kg-1with a mean of 9.05 ± 2.95 Bq Kg-1 . The derived absorbed dose rate ranges from 20.01 to 30.03 nGy h-1 with a mean of 24.89 nGyh-1. Consequently, the annual effective dose received by the population is estimated to range from 0.025 to 0.037 mSv y-1 with anaverage of 0.031 mSv y-1. The radio-activities in soil samples of the area are found to be within global range for average terrestrialionizing radiation exposure due to radionuclides in the soil
Virial Coefficients of Ethane from a Quadrupolar Site-Site Potential Function
Get PDFA procedure based on a site-site pair potential function, combined with the triple-dipole term, was used to determine the second and third virial coefficients of linear ethane. The parameters in the two-body potential were determined in a fit to experimental second acoustic virial coefficients; no other data were used. The three-body strength coefficient was determined in a fit to speed-of-sound data using isotropic two-body and three-body potentials. The resulting potential parameters reproduced second acoustic virial coefficients and predicted second volumetric virial coefficients of ethane to within an absolute error of 0.5 cm3 mol-1 . The third volumetric virial coefficients were predicted to within an absolute error of 250 cm6 mol-2 . Third acoustic virial coefficients of ethane predicted with the procedure are in good agreement with experiment only at temperatures above about 240 K; below this temperature the two sets of values are inconsistent