OJS (Univerzity Mateja Bela v Banskej Bystri)
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Injury in ice hockey players
No full textIce hockey is a popular sport that brings the risk of various injuries. Withthe injuries in ice hockey, various pathophysiological mechanisms play a role. Thehighest rate of injuries occurs in connection to the collision of players and hard objectsin the rink or physical contact with other players. A proper physical and clinicalexamination of a patient plays a crucial role in diagnostics. Various biomechanicalfactors are applied in ice hockey injuries. Conservative management is one of thevarious optional therapies. Rehabilitation is a significant part of ice hockey-relatedinjury treatment.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24040/sjss.2021.7.1.56-6
Comparison of an athlete training for 400m hurdles - Case report
No full textIntroduction: The 400 m hurdles run is considered to be a demanding disciplinefrom both a physical and psychological point of view, as it involves coordinationskills within an intense duration of activity. To determine the range of general andspecial training indicators and what impact they had on the performance of themonitored racer.Objectives: The case study aims to analyze and compare two annual training cyclesof a 400 m hurdles runner based on general and special training indicators and theirimpact on sports performance.Results: In the second season, the racer ran more acceleration and maximum speed,which contributed to the improvement of personal records. She completed a volumeof speed endurance of 18 km, which was an increase of 6 km, and she completed aspecial endurance of 32 km, where there was an increase of 8 km compared to thefirst season. The accumulated volume of kilometers of tempo endurance isapproximately the same in both monitored years. In the second season, it is possibleto see an increase in the volume of general endurance by 40 km. It is also possibleto record an increase in the volume of kilometers in the second season by 4 km.During the first season, the racer ran 780 kilometers and in the next season, therewas an increase of 52 kilometers.Conclusion: Based on the findings, the author concluded that the 400 m hurdles runhas been largely influenced by the number of units of training which influenced alsothe overall range of special training indicators and by the improvement of the hurdlecrossing technique - maximum and acceleration speed, general, tempo, special andspeed endurance.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24040/sjss.2021.7.1.4-1
Low carbohydrate diets and sport
No full textRecently, athletes have become more interested in low carbohydrate (CHO) diets(LCD, LCHF), whether for performance or health reasons. This short review papersummarises the current dietary recommendations for sports, introduces LCDs,highlights some of the important historical developments, introduces the concept of„fuel for the work required“ and presents selected reports, case studies, and studies.It provides a brief overview of some of the key risks and disadvantages of LCDs inathletes without and with diabetes.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24040/sjss.2021.7.1.77-8
The importance of strength training in triathlon
No full textSwimming, cycling or running. Which part of triathlonperformance is the most important in order to achieve best result inrace? Majority of science community is leaning on fact, that despiterunning is not the longest part of race, it is determining the final resultthe most. Therefore the aim of this study was to reveal how we couldimprove running performance in triathlon by improving runningmechanics as well as utilizing strength training and plyometrytraining as training modalities which might be very beneficial foraffecting performance in triathlon globally. We are presentingpractical guides, exercises supported by science and know-how ofmany strenght and conditioning professionals. Positive impact ofstrength training, plyometry training and running mechanics trainingwas found when it comes about improving running economy,maximal aerobic speed, anaerobic treshold, muscle absorbtion andenergy utilization ability etc. Simultaneously with these, there wereno decreasments in VO2 max, bodyweight or others parameters.This article is part of VEGA 1/0788/16 (Sports performance structureand optimization in triathlon and swimming)
Chronotype and physical activity of adult population and college students
No full textThe aim of the study was to identify chronotypes and toquantified their impact on the physical activity of the adult population(skDP) and college students (skVS).The objective of this study was a skDP group (n = 81, age = 50.6± 11.7 years old; body height = 1.66 ± 0,06 m; body weight = 68.4 ±12.0 kg; BMI = 24.7 ± 4.1 kg/m2) and skVS group (n = 50, age = 21.0± 1.4 years old; body height = 1.72 ± 0.08; body weight = 66.6 ± 14.5kg; BMI = 22.5 ± 3.7 kg/m2). The identification of chronotype wascarried out questionnaire of Smith, Reilly, Midkiff (1989) and byphysical activity questionnaire. The relevant chronotype and thephysical activity of the respondents was identified on the basis of theachieved score according to the set point scale. To compare thecorrelation relationships between variables we used nonparametricSpearman´s test (rs) and for median dependence we used sme UMann-Whitney test. Statistical significance was assessed at the levelof significance of variables at a value of p > 0,05.The results showed that in the skDP group of 53 respondentsleaned towards the morning chronotype (65.4 %), 26 respondentswere neutral chronotype (32.1 %) and 2 respondents leaned towardsthe evening chronotype (2.5 %). In the skVS group we identifieds 6respondents of morning chronotype (12 %), 41 respondents ofneutral chronotype (82 %) and 3 respondents of evening chronotype(6 %). In the skDP group we found a significant correlationrelationship (rs = 0.23, p < 0.04) between chronotype and thephysical activity. In the skVS group we found an insignificantnegative correlation relationship (rs = -0.05, p > 0.76).By comparing morning chronotypes and physical activity wefound out an insignificant differences between skDP-r group andskVS-r group (U = 88.5; Z = -1.778; p > 0.075) with low significance(r = 0.23. By comparing neutral chronotypes and the physical activitybetween the skDP-n and skVS-n group we noticed a significantdifferences (U = 376, Z = -2.028, p < 0.043) with low significance (r =0.25)
Selected motor skills of footballers with regard to the playing level and the playing positon
No full textThe adequate motor preparation of the players in contemporaryfootball, based on modern training methods and the assessment ofphysical preparation, supported by scientific research, has become acondition for achieving sports success. Each position requires such alevel of fitness, including speed and endurance, which will enable theperformance of tactical tasks regardless of increasing tiredness. Thestudy covered 99 footballers (including 8 goalkeepers, 27 defenders,40 midfielders and 24 forwards) at the age of 23.9 ± 5.3 years,representing clubs at four league levels. The aim of the work was todefine the correlation of selected motor skills and somatic features ofthe footballers with regard to their playing position and sports masterylevel. In the motor preparation training attention should be paid to thespecificity of the type of play in a given playing position
Gender and age-group differences in hip muscle activity patterns in elite race walkers
No full textRace walking is a complex activity that relies on considerable powergeneration by the muscles at the hip joint. Little is known, however,whether differences are present in terms of muscle activity patternsbetween men and women, or between younger and older athletes.The purpose of this study was to compare hip muscle activitypatterns in elite male and female race walkers across U20 andsenior age groups. Ten male and ten female race walkersparticipated, with five U20 and five senior athletes of each gender.The athletes were recorded using high-speed videography (100 Hz)as they race walked down a 40 m runway, during which the muscleactivity of the gluteus medius, gluteus maximus, biceps femoris andrectus femoris was recorded using electromyography (EMG) (1000Hz). The hip sagittal angle was calculated from digitised data, andaverage rectified EMG used to identify visual differences betweengroups. No differences were found using ANOVA between anygroups for the activity of any of the four muscles analysed at toe-off,midswing, heel-strike and midstance, although there were visualdifferences in activity timings. Overall the few differences betweengroups showed that race walking techniques are comparable acrosstrained athletes and coaches can adopt similar training practiceswhen developing the muscular qualities of their athletes
ČO NA NÁS STRIEHNE NA SOCIÁLNYCH SIEŤACH?
Get PDFSociálne siete ako Facebook, Twitter či Instagram sa pre mnohých z nás stali každodennou rutinou. Záujem o ne vyplýva buď z našej profesie, alebo jednoducho potrebujeme uspokojiť „nenásytnú“ zvedavosť a neutíchajúcu potrebu byť ich súčasťou. Určite všetci poznáte vetu: kto nie je na sociálnej sieti, akoby neexistoval. Táto „ľudová múdrosť“ by nám pred niekoľkými rokmi nedávala žiadny zmysel, no dnes sú siete bezprostrednou realitou takmer každého z nás
