Revistas UNIFOR-MG
Not a member yet
913 research outputs found
Sort by
Funcionalidade de pacientes pós Acidente Vascular Encefálico atendidos no ambulatório de fisioterapia da Faculdade Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais
Get PDFIntrodução: É evidenciado que grande parte dos pacientes pós Acidente Vascular Encefálico (AVE) possuem déficits que comprometem sua independência funcional, o que gera limitações em suas atividades e participação social. A Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde (CIF), é uma ferramenta de fundamental importância para a prática clínica do fisioterapeuta, pois visa uma abordagem global da funcionalidade e incapacidade dos pacientes. Objetivo: Analisar a prevalência dos códigos da CIF em prontuários de pacientes pós AVE do ambulatório de fisioterapia da Faculdade Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais. Métodos: Estudo transversal retrospectivo com coleta de dados em onze prontuários dos pacientes pós AVE atendidos ambulatório da Faculdade Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais, no período de fevereiro de 2016 a março de 2017. Realizou-se a contagem de todos os códigos da CIF presentes nos prontuários pelo Microsoft Excel 2010,e foi feito a soma dos componentes: função, estrutura, atividade e participação e fatores ambientais. Verificou-se também qual código mais prevalente entre os componentes. Resultados: Foram encontrados 135 códigos de função corporal, onde função de força muscular (b730) foi o de maior prevalência; 35 códigos de estrutura corporal, onde estrutura musculoesquelética relacionada ao movimento (s770) foi o de maior prevalência; 50 códigos de fatores ambientais, sendo o uso de medicamentos (e1101) o com maior prevalência; e 59 códigos de atividade e participação, sendo tarefas e exigências gerais especificadas (d298) o mais prevalente. Conclusão: A alta incidência de comprometimentos na função corporal, existindo um foco na força muscular do indivíduo com AVE foi ressaltada, sendo também observada a prevalência do código de tarefas e exigências nas atividades e participação desta população.Palavras-chave: Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade; Incapacidade e Saúde; Fisioterapia
Prevalência de dor na coluna vertebral de motociclistas de Ubaporanga – MG
Get PDFIntrodução: Estima-se, segundo dados do IBGE (2015), que no município de Ubaporanga/MG existam 1.651 motociclistas. Em geral, o motociclista tende a adquirir a postura de flexão da coluna lombar, antagônica à lordose fisiológica, flexionando excessivamente a lombar e deixando a coluna mais exposta a estresses mecânicos e, por conseguinte, a dor. Objetivo: Identificar a prevalência de dor na coluna vertebral de motociclistas residentes na zona rural de Ubaporanga/MG. Métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa observacional, quantitativa, descritiva, de amostra não probabilística, composta por 313 motociclistas, do sexo masculino, com idade entre 18 e 40 anos, residentes na zona rural do município de Ubaporanga/MG, selecionados intencionalmente por utilizarem a moto como principal meio de transporte, sem histórico de doenças traumato-ortopédicas e que consentiram em participar do estudo através da assinatura do termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido. Para cálculo do tamanho da amostra foi considerado grau de significância de 95%. Para avaliação da dor na coluna vertebral foi utilizado o Questionário Nórdico de Sintomas Osteomusculares em sua versão brasileira proposta, itens 1, 3 e 5 que avaliam colunas cervical, torácica e lombar, respectivamente. Os dados obtidos foram analisados a partir de estatística descritiva. Resultados: A prevalência de dor na coluna vertebral foi de 85,6%, sendo que 61,2% dos motociclistas referiram dor na coluna lombar, 20,5% dor na coluna torácica e 18,3% na cervical. Conclusão: A prevalência de dor na coluna vertebral de motociclistas no município e Ubaporanga/MG é elevada, principalmente no segmento lombar, apontando uma necessidade eminente de intervenções de promoção e proteção à saúde da população de motociclistas desta região a fim de evitar maiores agravos a coluna e comprometimento de sua funcionalidade. Palavras-chave: Dor; Coluna vertebral; Motociclismo
A problematizing STS education proposal: the case of Monte Carmelo’s ceramics
Get PDFIn this study we aim to present the paths taken for the elaboration of a teaching proposal based on the problem of the Monte Carmelo’s ceramics and the proposal itself. Our question was: how to develop a proposal of problematizing STS education from a local problem so that similar actions may be promoted in other contexts by basic education teachers? We conducted a field research which consisted on structured interviews individually carried out with five workers of the ceramics industries and a visit to one of these industries. We carried out a study on clay and, after gathering this information, we began the construction of a teaching proposal. This proposal refers a proposition based on Freire’s perspective called pedagogical moments. With the information collected from the field research we created a teaching proposal in a case study format. In it, we present a fictitious problem in which a new ceramic industry housed in Monte Carmelo would be having trouble to produce tiles, which were fragile and brittle. The cause and the solution for the case involved chemical knowledge and the socioeconomicenvironmental issue experienced in the city. The developed proposal showed to be promising as reference of a problematizing STS education for the teacher. It must be evaluated in practice, which is the continuation of this study
Digestion as an example of integrated teaching of chemistry and biology
Get PDFMost people are uncertain about how nutrients enter and are distributed in the body. They may be capable of naming the different parts of the digestive system on a torso but have vague ideas of the relation between these organs and the chemical processes they govern. Reasons for this are poor understanding of gas exchange, the role of the circulatory system, and that most processes are intracellular. In order to create a more holistic view of the biology and chemistry of digestion these subjects may be taught simultaneously and integrated. Here practical exercises and lectures about digestion and nutrients for pre-service primary school teachers are presented. The practical work included food preparation in order to investigate the change of the properties of the macromolecules of nutrients. A simple drawing of a body was used in order to visualize the routes of nutrients and the role of gas exchange in digestion. An evolutionary perspective on digestion was used in order to explain the ancient origin of most chemical processes in the digestive system and in the whole body. The material produced by the students at their final examinations was used for assessing their use and understanding of concepts, the quality based on Doll’s 4R’s and the degree of holistic understanding of the digestive system. The findings show that the pedagogic design used gives a general picture of digestion and energy transfer usable for teaching in primary school
Exploring How to Communicate with Zoo Visitors: The Impact of an Elephant Story on Zoo Visitors’ Awareness toward Environmental Issue
Get PDFThis study investigates how a picture story based on an Asian elephant promoted public awareness of a nature conservation issue for zoo visitors. A picture story was created based on an Asian elephant at Tennoji Zoo in Osaka and a story-telling demonstration event was organized. The results of the story impact survey for the audience suggest those three types of impacts; 1) Sympathy for the actual individual elephant evoked in the audience, 2) Shock about the real facts of elephants’ habitats, and 3) A cue to think of the complex, symbiotic relationship between humans and wildlife
Human genetics and didactic transposition: the expression of skin color, eye color, and height in Brazilian and Portuguese textbooks
Get PDFThe knowledge produced by genetic science is constantly expanding. However, the “taught knowledge” is not just a simplification of the knowledge produced by science, since it is also a result of values and practices. The objective of this study is to analyze how some examples of the expression of human characteristics in school textbooks approximate or deviate from reference knowledge found in literature. Secondary school textbooks were analyzed: six Brazilian collections and three Portuguese collections. Three topics were analyzed (skin color, eye color and height) and data were compared to scientific reference literature concerning these topics, which was composed of recent scientific papers and teacher training reference books. This analysis used the methodology developed in previous studies by Franzolin (2012) on “categories of types” and “categories of implications” and the KVP model (Clément, 2006). This study shows that most textbooks are close to the reference literature in mentioning the polygenic determination of the analyzed characteristics (skin color, eye color and height) and the influence of the environment in the expression of these characteristics. Textbooks which deviate from reference literature may cause barriers to the central content understanding. In the Portuguese context, it was evident that the practice of adopting new topics in the curriculum lead to the elimination of such information, not valued in official curriculum documents
Investigating how undergraduate Biological Sciences students understand tree-thinking: results from two Brazilian institutions
Get PDFPhylogenetic Systematics (PS) is a biological field that investigates how organisms relate to one another, being phylogenetic trees the most direct visual representations of evolution. Currently, PS plays a central position in evolutionary studies. However, there is still a limited comprehension of such subject by people in general and scientists; that limitation is not only related to its own interpretation, but also to its meaning. Skills to visualize evolutionary kinship in a phylogenetic tree abstraction are collectively called ‘tree-thinking’, which is still a critical educational component. Biological Sciences undergraduate students from two Brazilian institutions were asked to evaluate PS, and we could verify that students were already able to recognize common ancestry and point out features of organisms from the tree. Students have shown greater difficulty, though, in recognizing kinship degrees amongst taxa, perceiving similar trees with different node rotations, and mapping time. Participants have demonstrated the acquisition of these skills as PS is taught in introductory curricular subjects. Such acquisition was not the same with both groups, as very different profiles, including formal knowledge of phylogeny and evolution contents, have been noted
Science capital and artistic souls: how the drop-off from science starts
Get PDFLouise Archer maintains that the school students’ level of “science capital” has a crucial impact on their aspirations (Archer 2014). Science capital is an overall measure of the symbolic resources that affect how school students think about themselves and about science. Archer shows that it consists of four types of resources which children may be “equipped with” when entering adulthood. Firstly, their science literacy, in other words, everything they know about science in general. Secondly, their conviction about their own science competences, in other words, how the students perceive themselves, under the influence of grades and teachers’ opinions. Thirdly, their daily and non-daily practices related to science; here the researchers are referring to visits paid to museums and science centres, participation in science clubs, following science-related news online. Fourthly and lastly, their level of science capital is affected by whom they know, in other words by their personal relations with people who are professionally engaged in science. Children who have a scientist or someone who works in research among their close family are almost twice as likely to have high aspirations in terms of their own future scientific career. It is hard to change the label “I am artistically inclined” (which generally means more or less “I’m not so good at maths” and “I find history tough”) into the thought “I know how to connect the dots between facts pretty well, so I could become a decent scientist one day.
Caminhos para a sobrevivência do Direito do Trabalho (e do trabalhador) em um contexto global
Get PDFO Direito do Trabalho tem sido condenado e responsabilizado, nas últimas décadas, pelo desemprego. Em verdade, as crises são grandes companheiras de viagem do Direito do Trabalho, são cíclicas. As normas podem se amoldar, temporariamente, a determinados contextos econômicos, entretanto, as relações entre empregados e empregadores necessitam de intervenção estatal, em razão da desigualdade entre as partes para negociarem as cláusulas do contrato de trabalho. Tal intervenção tem sido amplamente criticada pela corrente neoliberal e se fortalecido cada vez mais, tendo sido proposta, recentemente, de projeto de lei no qual se defende a prevalência do negociado sobre o legislado. Muitos são os desafios contemporâneos de um mundo do trabalho em crise, entretanto, há que se estabelecer um patamar mínimo de direitos e assegurá-lo a todos, independentemente de sua origem, cultura, sexo, cidadania: um patamar mínimo de direitos em nível global. Para tanto, agentes de contrapoder devem se fortalecer e reagir às tentativas de desconstrução e desmonte do Direito do Trabalho. O Direito do Trabalho vai muito além do ordenamento jurídico responsável pela tutela das relações de emprego. Trata-se de um meio de inserção social, de acesso à política e à democracia, de distribuição de renda e cidadania e, portanto, deve ser fortalecido. Problemas globais carecem de soluções globais. Nesse sentido, propõe-se a universalização e uniformização do instituto em uma perspectiva garantidora da proteção ao trabalho e do ser humano que trabalha em qualquer ponto do globo