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Percepção do impacto na relação médico-paciente do uso da internet pelos pacientes para busca de informações acerca do seu adoecimento.
No full textIntroduction: The broad access to health information in the internet can empower patients and might affect the doctor-patient relationship. Objective: We aimed to evaluate the perception of medical students and their teachers of the impact on the doctor-patient relationship of patients use of the internet to obtain health information. Methodology: Cross-sectional study with 215 medical students from the 3rd and 6th grades from Unifenas–BH and 30 ambulatory care teachers. Participants responded to a questionnaire to assess the perception of Internet use by the patient and filled out the subscale sharing power of the PPOS (patient-practitioner orientation scale). Results: The influence of the of the internet on the doctor-patient relationship was perceived in a similar way between students from the 3rd and 6th year (3.37 ± 0.64 and 3.22 ± 0.57 p = 0.052), being less favorable than that observed among teachers (3.86 ± 0.64 p <0.001). The power sharing attitude was also similar among 3rd and 6th grade students (4.17 ± 0.69 vs. 4.16 ± 0.68 p = 0.974) and lower than that observed among teachers (4.51 ± 0.65 p = 0,036). There was a direct correlation between a favorable attitude towards power sharing and perception of the impact of the internet, being weak among students (r = 0.31 p <0.05) and moderate among teachers (r = 0.53 p = 0.003). Conclusion: The perception of the impact of internet use by patients to obtain health information was considered more favorable by teachers when compared to students, correlating positively with the attitude of power sharing in the doctor-patient relationship.Introdução: O amplo acesso a informações em saúde na internet tem o potencial de empoderar os pacientes e pode influenciar a relação médico-paciente. Objetivo: Avaliar a percepção de estudantes de medicina e seus professores do impacto na relação médico-paciente do uso da internet pelos pacientes para obtenção de informações sobre saúde. Métodologia: Estudo transversal com 215 estudantes de medicina do 3º e 6º ano da Unifenas–BH e 30 professores de prática ambulatorial. Os participantes responderam a um questionário de avaliação da percepção do uso da internet pelo paciente baseado em uma escala Likert de 6 pontos e preencheram a subescala de compartilhamento do poder do PPOS (patient-practitioner orientation scale). Resultados: A influência da internet na relação médico-paciente foi percebida de maneira semelhante entre alunos do 3º e 6º ano (3,37±0,64 e 3,22±0,57 p=0,052), sendo esta percepção menos favorável do que a observada entre professores (3,86±0,64 p<0,001). A atitude de compartilhamento de poder, também foi semelhante entre os alunos do 3º e 6º ano (4,17±0,69 vs. 4,16 ±0,68 p=0,974) e inferior à observada entre professores (4,51±0,65 p=0,036). Observou-se correlação direta entre atitude favorável ao compartilhamento de poder e percepção do impacto da internet, sendo fraca entre alunos (r=0,31 p<0,05) e moderada entre professores (r=0,53 p=0,003). Conclusão: A percepção do impacto do uso da internet pelos pacientes para obtenção de informações sobre saúde foi considerada mais favorável pelos docentes quando comparados aos discentes, correlacionando-se de maneira positiva com a atitude de compartilhamento de poder na relação médico-paciente
Reproductive strategy of Hypomasticus copelandii: the piau-vermelho can adapt to small lotic stretches and lentic environments, or depends on the migration to complete its life cycle?
No full textIntroduction: The fish reproduction knowledge is essential to support fish management, conservation and exploitation of the fish stocks. Fish species migrate for various purposes during different periods of their life cycle, and this involves spawning migration, habitat shifts of juveniles and drift of larval fish. Objective: Our main objective was to investigate whether the H. copelandii can adapt to small lotic stretches and lentic environments or depends on the migration to complete its life cycle. Methodology: Samplings were carried out on two tributaries of the Doce River, both containing small hydroelectric power stations in their courses, in Corrente Grande River (CGR) and in the Manhuaçu River (MR). In the CGR 408 specimens (64 females, 109 males and 235 juvenile) were captured, while in the MR were captured 64 females, 76 males and 45 juveniles. Results: Our results shows that the blockage of rivers caused by the construction of the power plants and their operation did not result in a direct negative effect on H. copelandii populations. For both rivers, our study demonstrates the maintenance of reproductive activity and the recruitment process, inserting new individuals into the environment. Conclusion: So, we showed that H. copelandii can adapt their reproductive strategy, getting reproductive success in very small lotic stretches or a semi lentic water body, indicating that the reproductive strategies of H. copelandii is not only a genetic phenomenon but can undergo ecological adaptations. Thus, the reproductive strategies of H. copelandii could undergo temporal and spatial changes and could be conditioned by environmental pressure.
Keywords: Neotropical fish; Reproductive migration; Doce River basin; Environmental changes
Correlação bioinseticida de duas espécies de Piper sobre Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
No full textIntroduction: The genus Piper has distribution mainly in tropical regions and phytochemical studies revealed the presence of amides, flavonoids and phenylpropanoids and insecticidal and larvicidal activities and can be an alternative for insect control, especially the coleopteran Sitophilus zeamais, reducing the application of commercial insecticides. Objectives: The goal of this study was to evaluate the susceptibility of S. zeamais to extracts of two species of the genus Piper. Methodology: The production of the extracts was made from plants fruits collected in the municipality of Chapadinha-MA, MA, Brazil. The efficacy of Piper tuberculatum and Piper callosum extracts against S. zeamais adults was investigated using different concentrations in the laboratory. Mortality was assessed 24 and 72 hs after exposure, the design used was completely randomized (DIC) with six treatments and four repetitions. Results: The results showed that the P. tuberculatum extract was the most potent, with 100% lethality at 24 hr. and 72 hr. posttreatment. The least toxic to S. zeamais was P. callosum extract with 78.7% mortality in the concentration of 20% in the period of 72 hs, with no significant results in the period of 24 hs. Conclusion: The fruits of P. tuberculatum could have potential for the development of novel bioinsecticide to control S. Zeamais, for use in an integrated pest management program, the same was not observed for the extract of P. callosum.
Keywords: Corn weevil; Bioinsecticide; Piper callosum; Piper tuberculatum.Introdução: O gênero Piper se distribue principalmente nas regiões tropicais e estudos fitoquímicos revelaram a presença de amidas, flavonóides e fenilpropanóides e atividades inseticida e larvicida e podem ser alternativa para o controle de insetos, em especial o coleóptero Sitophilus zeamais, diminuindo a aplicação de inseticidas comerciais. Objetivos: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a suscetibilidade de S. zeamais aos extratos de duas espécies do gênero Piper. Metodologia: Para a produção dos extratos utilizou-se as espigas das plantas, coletadas no município de Chapadinha, MA, Brasil. A eficácia dos extratos de Piper tuberculatum e Piper callosum contra adultos de S. zeamais foi investigada usando diferentes concentrações em laboratório. A mortalidade foi avaliada 24 e 72 horas após a exposição, o delineamento usado foi o inteiramente casualizado (DIC) com seis tratamentos e quatro repetições. Resultados: Os resultados mostraram que o extrato de P. tuberculatum foi o mais potente, com letalidadende de 100% as 24 e 72 horas após o tratamento. Enquanto o menos tóxico para S. zeamais foi o extrato de P. callosum com mortalidade de 78,7% na concentração de 20% no período de 72 horas, não apresentando resultados significativos no período de 24 horas. Conclusão: Os frutos de P. tuberculatum demonstraram potencial para o desenvolvimento de bioinseticida para controlar S. Zeamais, para uso em programa de manejo integrado de pragas, o mesmo não se observou para o extrato de P. callosum.
Palavras-chave: Gorgulho-do-milho; Bioinseticida; Piper callosum; Piper tuberculatum
A nova Lei de Recuperação de Empresas: uma análise em favor de maior eficiência e menor assimetria de informações
Get PDFResumo: O problema levantado neste artigo é refletir, via análise econômica do direito, se houve ou não avanços na redação originária da Lei 11.101/05, em relação a atual Lei 14.112/20, sobretudo em relação a minoração de assimetrias de informações, de modo que haja maior eficiência. Como hipótese de resposta, têm-se que merecem ser analisados os dispositivos da lei para se averiguar se há meio procedimental adequado para completa informação e cognição dos credores, se há relatório detalhado de crise, se há regras próprias para verificação do verdadeiro grau e estado de atividades negociais de quem está em crise, se há regras próprias para verificação do verdadeiro grau e estado da atividade, bem como se há necessidade de se relacionar quais seriam os créditos não submetidos à recuperação. A metodologia a ser utilizada é de método dedutivo, mediante abordagem explicativa e descritiva, com análise de bibliografia e legislação, nacional e estrangeira, toda ela especializada no cerne do tema
Análise econômica do direito e a sua relação com o venire contra factum proprium: uma análise dos institutos nas relações de consumo
Get PDFConsumer protection is a fundamental guarantee with the status of principle of the economic order, in accordance with the Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil of 1988. Therefore, the interpretation and application of the Consumer Protection Code must take into account these aspects. economic analysis, such as the theory of economic analysis of law, without, however, failing to observe the principle of prohibition of contradictory behavior, which also has a constitutional foundation. In this context, the aim of this paper is to analyze the incidence of economic analysis of law and its relationship with the principle of prohibition of contradictory behavior in consumer relations. It was decided to carry out an exploratory research using a literature review and qualitative data analysis in order to achieve this objective, which made it possible to infer, in the end, that the economic analysis of law and the principle of prohibition of behavior contradictory aspects should be observed in consumer relations in general as a way of protecting consumers and improving economic activity, promoting, for example, the integration of markets and the increase in electronic commerce.A proteção ao consumidor constitui uma garantia fundamental com status de princípio da ordem econômica, de acordo com a Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil de 1988. Desta forma, a interpretação e a aplicação do Código de Defesa do Consumidor deve levar em conta os aspectos econômicos, como a teoria da análise econômica do direito sem, contudo, deixar de observar o princípio da proibição de comportamento contraditório, que também possui fundamento constitucional. Nesse contexto, o objetivo do presente trabalho é analisar a incidência da análise econômica do direito e a sua relação com o princípio da proibição de comportamento contraditório nas relações de consumo. Optou-se pela realização de uma pesquisa exploratória com a utilização de revisão bibliográfica e da análise qualitativa dos dados a fim de se cumprir esse objetivo, o que possibilitou inferir, ao final, que a análise econômica do direito e o princípio da proibição de comportamento contraditório devem ser observados nas relações de consumo em geral como forma de proteção dos consumidores e de melhoria da atividade econômica, promovendo, por exemplo, a integração de mercados e o incremento do comércio eletrônico
Perspectivas econômicas pelo o Marco Civil das startups
Get PDFA partir das regras do Marco Legal das Startups, decorrente da LC 182/21, pretende-se neste trabalho inicialmente delimitar o que seria tecnicamente e juridicamente uma startup. A metodologia a ser utilizada é de método dedutivo, mediante abordagem explicativa e descritiva, com análise de bibliografia, nacional e estrangeira, toda ela especializada no cerne do tema. Academicamente, o problema a ser respondido é, a partir das regras do Marco Legal das Startups, identificar e distinguir os diferentes tipos de investimento para startups, bem como quais são as suas regras respectivas, trazidas pela LC 182/21. Como hipótese de resposta ao problema, abordar-se-á sobre as diversas alternativas disponíveis de investimentos. Ao final, trata-se acerca das diferentes maneiras de realizar o desinvestimento realizados pelos investidores e da nova modalidade de licitação a fim de viabilizar a contratação de startups que apresentem soluções inovadoras e tecnológicas para problemas concretos apresentados por órgãos, autarquias, empresas públicas ou de capital misto
Explicando as condições de realização da responsabilidade na reparação de danos causados por transações nulas
Get PDFAs long as the basic conditions of the accuracy of the contract and the specific conditions necessary for the accuracy of some contracts are met and the contract does not contradict public order and good ethics, the principle is the accuracy of the contracts. In case of loss or non-compliance with any of these conditions, the marriage will be invalid. Invalidation of the marriage has some effects, including the responsibility of one of the parties to the invalid contract in compensation for detriments to the other party of the marriage. Liability arising from a void contract and the obligation to compensate for the detriments arising from it is of non-contractual origin. In order to achieve the purpose of civil liability, i.e. to fully compensate for detriments, it is essential to determine the best method of compensation that courts in each case consider relative compensation and avoid compensating for any kind and order to pay cash for detriments in all cases. In the event of a breach of obligation, it is conceivable that it violates the obligation, which has a variety of types and includes civil or coercive liability, contractual liability, criminal and moral liability. The conditions for the realization of responsibility are: indisputableness, directness, personality, lack of prior compensation, foreseeeability, and detriment to the legitimate right to be detrimentd.In this paper, we try to use descriptive-analytical method and library study.Explaining the conditions of realization of responsibility in repairing detriments caused by void transactions to discuss.Desde que as condições básicas de exatidão do contrato e as condições específicas necessárias à exatidão de alguns contratos sejam atendidas e o contrato não contrarie a ordem pública e a boa ética, o princípio é a exatidão dos contratos. Em caso de perda ou não cumprimento de alguma dessas condições, o casamento será invalidado. A invalidação do casamento tem alguns efeitos, incluindo a responsabilidade de uma das partes do contrato inválido em compensação pelos prejuízos à outra parte do casamento. A responsabilidade decorrente da nulidade do contrato e a obrigação de indemnizar os prejuízos daí decorrentes são de origem extracontratual. Para atingir o objetivo de responsabilidade civil, ou seja, para indenizar integralmente os prejuízos, é essencial determinar o melhor método de indenização que os tribunais, em cada caso, considerem a compensação relativa e evitem indenizar qualquer tipo e ordenar o pagamento em dinheiro pelos prejuízos em todos casos. Em caso de violação da obrigação, é concebível que a mesma viole a obrigação, que tem uma variedade de tipos e inclui responsabilidade civil ou coerciva, responsabilidade contratual, responsabilidade penal e moral. As condições para a realização da responsabilidade são: indiscutibilidade, franqueza, personalidade, falta de compensação prévia, previsibilidade e detrimento do legítimo direito de ser prejudicado. Neste artigo, procuramos utilizar o método descritivo-analítico e o estudo bibliotecário. condições de realização da responsabilidade na reparação de danos causados por transações nulas a discutir
ESTABLISHING THE ESSENCE OF PREVENTING CORRUPTION IN PUBLIC SERVICE
Get PDFCorruption is one of the most negative phenomena in the state system. Manifesting element of corruption has been highly experienced in public services where there is always a need in analyzing them. Without proper counteraction to corruption, it is able to nullify all previous achievements in reforming the country\u27s mechanisms of government and stop its development. Despite some achievements of the Ukrainian state in the field of combating and preventing corruption, especially in the years after the Revolution of Dignity, society and the state leadership will have to make many efforts to significantly improve the situation in this direction. In order to select the most effective ways to prevent corruption, the positive experience of successful foreign countries in this area is studied. Ways and methods of effective counteraction to corruption in the public service are considered. Specific ways of combating corruption at each level of government are analyzed and compared. Peculiarities of counteracting corruption both in state authorities and in local self-government bodies are established. Emphasis is placed that without a proper improvement of the quality of public service in the state, in particular a significant improvement in combating and preventing corruption, it will be difficult or impossible to achieve a proper standard of living (well-being) in the state and society. It is established that the solution of the problematic issues outlined in this article depends on many environmental factors, first of all, such as the stability of the political regime in the state, an effective judicial system and the effective operation of law enforcement agencies.Corruption is one of the most negative phenomena in the state system. Manifesting element of corruption has been highly experienced in public services where there is always a need in analyzing them. Without proper counteraction to corruption, it is able tonullify all previous achievements in reforming the country\u27s mechanisms of government and stop its development. Despite some achievements of the Ukrainian state in the field of combating and preventing corruption, especially in the years after the Revolution of Dignity, society and the state leadership will have to make many efforts to significantly improve the situation in this direction. In order to select the most effective ways to prevent corruption, the positive experience of successful foreign countries in this area is studied. Ways and methods of effective counteraction to corruption in the public service are considered. Specific ways of combating corruption at each level of government are analyzed and compared. Peculiarities of counteracting corruption both in state authorities and in local self-governmentbodies are established. Emphasis is placed that without a proper improvement of the quality of public service in the state, in particular a significant improvement in combating and preventing corruption, it will be difficult or impossible to achieve a proper standard of living (well being) in the state and society. It is established that the solution of the problematic issues outlined in this article depends on many environmental factors, first of all, such as the stability of the political regime in the state, an effective judicial system and the effective operation of law enforcement agencies
REASSESSING THE CONCEPT AND CLASSIFICATION OF WAR CRIMES IN MODERN LAW UNDERSTANDING
Get PDFWar is inevitable, and its consequences devastating with lots of casualties and damages experienced. The purpose of the article is to study the concept and classification of war crimes. It has been emphasized that it is impossible to organize timely detection, effective pre-trial investigation and fair trial of war crimes cases without understanding the essence of the indicated illegal actions and the specifics of the mechanism of their commission. Analysis of the provisions of international legal acts, regulatory legal acts of Ukraine and foreign countries has been carried out. Those regulations define the concept of “war crimes”, their features and system. It has been found that there is no actual definition of war crimes in international criminal law, similar to the criminal law of Ukraine. It has been offered to understand war crimes as criminal offenses that encroach on the established procedure for performing active duty and are committed by members of the armed forces, conscripts and career reservists during reserve training, as well as their accomplices and other persons specified by law. It has been established that the criminalistics classification of war crimes allows us to form the appropriate forensic methods, to choose the right direction, means, tactics and investigation plan. The authors have accomplished criminalistics classification of war crimes according to a mixed criterion, which is stipulated by such criminal and forensic significant features of the indicated criminal offenses, as the characteristics of the offender’s personality, direction, situation and methods of commission.War is inevitable, and its consequences devastating with lots of casualties and damages experienced. The purpose of the article is to study the concept and classification of war crimes. It has been emphasized that it is impossible to organize timely detection, effective pre-trial investigation and fair trial of war crimes cases without understanding the essence of the indicated illegal actions and the specifics of the mechanism of their commission. Analysis of the provisions of international legal acts, regulatory legal acts of Ukraine and foreign countries has been carried out. Those regulations define the concept of “war crimes”, their features and system. It has been found that there is no actual definition of war crimes in international criminal law, similar to the criminal law of Ukraine. It has been offered to understand war crimes as criminal offenses that encroach on the established procedure for performing active duty and are committed by members of the armed forces, conscripts and career reservists during reserve training, as well as their accomplices and other persons specified by law. It has been established that the criminalistics classification of war crimes allows us to form the appropriate forensic methods, to choose the right direction, means, tactics and investigation plan. The authors have accomplished criminalistics classification of war crimes according to a mixed criterion, which is stipulated by such criminal and forensic significant features of the indicated criminal offenses, as the characteristics of the offender’s personality, direction, situation and methods of commission