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New trends in codes of ethics: Czech business ethics preferences by the dawn of COVID-19
No full textResearch background: The morality and sustainability depend upon the active engagement of all stakeholders. Businesses might have to observe minimum standards via their corporate social responsibility (CSR), but this does not imply any mandatory and enforceable requirements for their internal documents. Crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic magnify differences and might impact the perception and commitment to ethics and modify preferences.
Purpose of the article: Since it is up to each and every business whether it will issue Codes of Ethics or Codes of Conduct (Codes) and how they will project ethical principles, values and concerns in them, it is both illuminative and instrumental to conduct a massive theoretical and literature review, to identify five aspects for exploration of Codes: (i) human nature (ii) moral values (iii) ethical principles, (iv) reasoning and (v) sustainability pillars, and to perform such an exploration via a case study at the dawn of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: Based on a massive theoretical and literature review, five aspects for exploration have been identified and employed in a case study involving twenty Codes of the largest Czech businesses, while focusing on their preferences. This is to be achieved by a holistic advanced content analysis employing meta-analysis and manual Delphi method with Likert scoring by a panel of experts.
Findings & value added: The case study reveals that generally Codes prefer (i) Socrates´ perception of human nature, (ii) respect and responsibility as moral values, (iii) the principle of solidarity, (iv) social contract and deontological reasoning and (v) the sustainability social pillar. These findings demonstrate discrepancies and inconsistencies between and also within these Codes, which often paternalistically reject the multi-stakeholder approach that is needed to overcome COVID-19. This litigates for the appropriateness of this new methodology and encourages further longitudinal case studies entailing more jurisdictions and industries
Analysis of optimization methods in marine objects control synthesis
No full textThe article presents four main chapters that allow you to formulate an optimization task and choose a method for solving it from static and dynamic optimization methods to single-criterion and multi-criteria optimization. In the group of static optimization methods, the methods are without constraints and with constraints, gradient and non-gradient and heuristic. Dynamic optimization methods are divided into basic - direct and indirect and special. Particular attention has been paid to multi-criteria optimization in single-object approach as static and dynamic optimization, and multi-object optimization in game control scenarios. The article shows not only the classic optimization methods that were developed many years ago, but also the latest in the field, including, but not limited to, particle swarms
Project of autonomous workstation feeding fledging birds
No full textThe article describes project of autonomous workstation capable of feeding fledging birds. During the breeding season animal rescue centers are experiencing huge overload of patients and up to 20% of patients are birds. Despite small size they demand as much care as other animals ? in case of fledging birds main need is frequent feeding which is impossible to cover by working staff. Designed workstation is meant to solve this problem and decrease mortality of sick or immature animals
Comparative analysis of data transmission technologies in industrial systems of the Internet of things (IoT)
No full textThis article provides a comparative analysis of modern data transmission technologies that can be used in modern automation and telemechanics systems for data exchange with various sensors and other security and access control systems. The authors describe the most common types of transmission networks and offer options for their application in relation to the requirements of specific customers. The main emphasis is on open source solutions that can be used in research projects on an unlicensed basis
Application of active thermography in study of the rotors dynamics
No full textThe article presents the infrared measurement techniques for analyzing and monitoring the dynamic state of the structure using advanced thermal imaging techniques. The article present an overview of the infrared measurement techniques and algorithms proposed research design based on the selected infrared measurement techniques. The article presents the results of a series of studies on the possibility of applying the vibrothermography methods in SHM systems. In particular it focuses on the analysis of the possibility of studying the dynamics of the rotor and the detection of its failures during operation. The results of vibrothermography studies of impeller made of plastic are presented. The results of studies based on algorithms developed by the authors. The article also presents the concept of the use of thermal imaging research in fault detection and monitoring of the dynamic state of real objects
Restorying the life of Martin Luther King: visual and verbal complexity of nonfiction picture book biographies
Get PDFThe article is devoted to the genre of nonfiction picture book biography as a new publishing phenomenon within the area of children\u27s literature. The aim of the article is to analyze the ways of transmitting knowledge by combining visual codes and unconventional verbal narratives in three nonfiction picture book biographies of Martin Luther King, Jr.: Martin\u27s Big Words: The Life of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. (2007), I Have a Dream (2012), and Be A King: Martin Luther King, Jr.\u27s Dream and You (2018). It examines how the selected books invite the readers to participate in the process of meaning making and redefining reality. It also discusses the strategies of counterstorytelling and counter-visuality employed by the creators of the books
Time stability of the impact of institutions on economic growth and real convergence of the EU countries: implications from the hidden Markov models analysis
No full textResearch background: It is not straightforward to identify the role of institutions for the economic growth. The possible unknown or uncertain areas refer to nonlinearities, time stability, transmission channels, and institutional complementarities. The research problem tackled in this paper is the analysis of the time stability of the relationship between institutions and economic growth and real economic convergence.
Purpose of the article: The article aims to verify whether the impact of the institutional environment on GDP dynamics was stable over time or diffed in various subperiods. The analysis covers the EU28 countries and the 1995?2019 period.
Methods: We use regression equations with time dummies and interactions to assess the stability of the impact of institutions on economic growth. The analysis is based on the partially overlapping observations. The models are estimated with the use of Blundell and Bond?s GMM system estimator. The results are then averaged with the Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) approach. Structural breaks are identified on the basis of the Hidden Markov Models (HMM).
Findings & value added: The value added of the study is threefold. First, we use the HMM approach to find structural breaks. Second, the BMA method is applied to assess the robustness of the outcomes. Third, we show the potential of HMM in foresighting. The results of regression estimates indicate that good institution reflected in the greater scope of economic freedom and better governance lead to the higher economic growth of the EU countries. However, the impact of institutions on economic growth was not stable over time
How do demographics and basic traits of an entrepreneur impact the internationalization of firms?
No full textResearch background: The theoretical basis of the study derives from the assumptions of international entrepreneurship combining theories of entrepreneurship and theories of international business. The identification of entrepreneurship determinants and attributes was based on the economic, socio ? cultural, as well as psychological approach to entrepreneurship.
Purpose of the article: The aim of the article is to verify how demographic and basic traits of an entrepreneur affect the pace of the internationalization of firms from Poland.
Methods: The study was based on CATI method. The article uses data collected on the basis of a study conducted on a sample of 355 companies from Poland. The research methods applied are a critical analysis of prior research, which allowed to identify the research gap and develop research hypotheses. In the empirical part, statistical methods were applied, including descriptive statistics and multidimensional regression.
Findings & value added: The logistic regression estimation allows to confirm three hypotheses. With the age of the entrepreneur, the pace of internationalization of the firm increases. The pace of internationalization of the firm increases with the level of education of the entrepreneur. The fact that an entrepreneur belongs to a national minority increases the pace of the internationalization of the firm. Results of two-sample t-test confirm that firms whose entrepreneurs have higher entrepreneurial competences internationalize faster and earlier. The added value of the article is the combination of socio-demographic and psycho-cognitive characteristics of the entrepreneur with internationalisation. Applying this approach to a sample of firms from Poland (CEE market) contributes to research on international entrepreneurship in a thematic and geographical sense. The results of the study are of an applied nature. They can be addressed to many recipients: entrepreneurs, policymakers, educators, entities responsible for shaping and promoting entrepreneurship on both the micro and macro levels
Monetary Policy Targets and Macroeconomic Equilibrium. Some Theoretical Remarks
No full textPurpose: The article attempts to systematize the strategies undertaken by individual countries (groups of countries) after the 2007+ crisis with regard to stabilizing prices and supporting economic recovery. It is about highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of particular types of strategies as well as opportunities and threats related to their implementation.
Methodology: In the theoretical analysis, three types of economies were distinguished, using as a criterion the orientation of a given economy towards securing price stability or supporting economic recovery. The classical dynamized AD-AS model, commonly used in macroeconomics, and the SWOT analysis were used as a research tool.
Findings: The basis for differences in the approach of economic authorities of individual countries to the problem of stabilizing prices or supporting economic recovery is the mandate of the central bank. Depending on the type of strategy implemented by the central bank, individual countries and groups of countries react diametrically to exogenous shocks, which results in different results in terms of economic growth and employment.
Practical Implications: The results can be utilized by central authorities (central banks) in formulating assumptions and forecasts of monetary policy.
Originality / Value: The paper contains an original division of countries / groups of countries due to their orientation in the field of medium-term stabilization policy. The analyzes of these countries are also original, having no equivalent in the world literature on this subject
Verification of the image processing system in real conditions
No full textAutonomous Vessel with an Air Look, is a research project that aims to develop autonomous navigation of ships. The system uses three independent sources of information i.e. radar, AIS ? Automatic Identification System and cameras, which can be located on a drone or ship?s superstructure. The article presents the results of testing of an image processing system in real conditions on m/f Wolin