Journals Portal Naif Arab University for Security Sciences
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The Weight of a Woman's Testimony
No full textThis research attempts to provide a fresh evaluation of a testimony in general and an evaluation of the weight of woman's testimony in particular. By using an empirical methodology, the research responds to the equality issue between women and men as competent witnesses, as Western jurisprudence claims, and the issue of non-equality between women and men as competent witnesses, as Islamic Sharia scholars claim. This study found numerous results, one of which was that womanhood affects a woman's ability to bear in mind a witnessed fact. Therefore, womanhood should be dealt with as a discrediting her testimony factor. Another result was that woman's testimony is admissible, even if she was alone; because womanhood is a factor relating to the weight of a testimony not a stipulation for the admissibility of testimony. Moreover, the research classified testimony in regard to its weight into two kinds. The first kind is Attestation, which always requires corroboration from a man or woman to renders it admissible as evidence. The second kind is Testimony, which does not generally require corroboration, even if the witness is a woman. However, corroboration may be necessary if the testimony has been affected by any discrediting factor regardless the sex of the witness. One more result of the research was that corroboration for testimony is affected by womanhood in certain cases, can be attained by summoning another woman as a witness, inferring factual presumptions, or examining the surrounding circumstances
Hair Analysis as a Diagnostic and Forensic Tool in a Social Support System for Families with Underage Children and Drug Abusing Parents: Four Year Experience
No full textBetween 2011 and 2014, 388 hair samples from children (age 1-14 years) and 594 hair samples from parents/caregivers were analyzed for methadone, opiates, cocaine, amphetamines, ecstasy, cannabinoids and benzodiazepines by LC-MS/MS and GC-MS. Hair testing was preferentially performed for parents/ caregivers. Children were included in case of positive parents/caregivers results or in urgent cases after a court decision if the parents/caregivers declined the testing. A follow-up hair test was performed after 6-months (positive results) or 12-months (negative results). Results: The children hair appeared to be a sensitive indicator of the handling of drugs in their environment and often showed a similar or the same drug profile as their parents. The annual statistics for the initial test of children were no drugs 22-33%, methadone 9-25%, heroin 7.5-28%, cocaine 46-57%, amphetamines and ecstasy 1.6-7.0%, cannabinoids 21-49% and benzodiazepines 0-5%. As a rule, concentrations in hair of younger children were higher than of their elder siblings. In severe cases and based on the entire information about the case, the children were immediately taken into custody, the family court was appealed, the children were admitted to children's homes or foster families, or the drug consuming adult was separated from the family and a withdrawal treatment was initiated. Follow-up tests showed an improvement in the situation of the children particularly in severe cases. Conclusion: Hair analysis proved to be a very efficient working instrument for social authorities in the systematic improvement of child-welfare in drug abusing environments
International Arab Forensic Science and Forensic Medicine Conference: ASFSFM 2015 Report
No full textOne of the main objectives of Naif Arab University for Security Sciences (NAUSS) is to enhance peace, security and justice in Arab societies through education, research, and advanced professional training in various disciplines of security and forensic sciences. NAUSS strives to improve the academic and professional skills of forensic scientists and security personnel to combat crime and terrorism by utilizing all the available tools of modern technology. NAUSS also realizes the importance of scientific research in the social, economic, and technological development of a society and is, therefore, committed to encouraging and supporting research at every level. NAUSS has given the fields of forensic sciences and forensic medicine a top priority and the attention they deserve. In pursuit of its objectives, and in cooperation with other Arab member organizations, NAUSS launched the Arab Society for Forensic Sciences and Forensic Medicine (ASFSFM) in 2013. The Society had the honour of being officially launched by His Royal Highness, Prince Mohammed bin Naif bin Abdul Aziz, Crown Prince, Deputy Prime Minister and the Minister of the Interior, Honorary President of the Council of Arab Ministers of Interior and Chairman of the Supreme Council of NAUSS. The International Arab Forensic Science and Forensic Medicine Conference 2015 (ASFSFM Conference 2015) was yet another part of the efforts and concern of NAUSS to advance the skills and knowledge of Arab specialists and to facilitate cooperation among forensic scientists and institutions engaged in the practice, education and research of forensic sciences and forensic medicine at various levels
The First Arab Forensic Sciences & Forensic Medicine Meeting 2014: Meeting Report
No full textThe First Arab Forensic Science & Forensic MedicineMeeting 2014 was held in Riyadh (October 26-28, 2014)at Naif Arab University for Security Sciences (NAUSS),Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. This event of greatscientific importance was organized under the patronageof NAUSS by the Arab Society for Forensic Sciences andForensic Medicine (ASFSFM) and in cooperation withthe College of Forensic Sciences (NAUSS). This was thesecond international event organized by the Arab Societyfor Forensic Sciences and Forensic Medicine during 2014.This regional event brought together 144 forensicscientists, forensic medicine specialists, jurists,criminologists, DNA specialists and forensic toxicologistsfrom 13 different Arab countries (Hashemite Kingdomof Jordan, United Arab Emirates, Kingdom of Bahrain,Republic of Algeria, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Republicof Sudan, Sultanate of Oman, Qatar, Kuwait, Republic ofLebanon, Egypt, Kingdom of Morocco, and Republic ofYemen) to present and discuss their latest achievementsand research findings in various disciplines of forensicsciences
Designer Drugs: A Review of Literature Abdulsallam Bakdash
No full textA new phenomenon in the drug market has appeared in recent years: there has been an increase in the number and types of designer drugs. A massive influx of these structural and/or functional analogs of controlled substances has resulted in an increase in their marketing and abuse. At present, these drugs are significantly more widely available compared to previous years because they are relatively inexpensive and marketed as being safer than classic drugs of abuse. The most important factor in the spread of designer drugs is that the majority of these substances are undetectable as drugs or illegal drugs in standard drug testing procedures. The biological effects of these substances are largely unknown to both users and medical scientists. However, most known cases of abuse have shown serious and dangerous physical and psychological reactions in users. The manufacturing and marketing of designer drugs presents a major challenge for specialist sectors, especially laboratories that have to test these substances. This highlights the important role of drugcontrol institutions and regulatory and legislative bodies to determine the legal status of these drugs, which are designed and marketed - mostly through the internet - as being legal. All of these factors make it incumbent upon these sectors to form a unified goal and strategy to control these substances and prevent their spread. This review provides fundamental information about designer drugs. This will provide an accurate overview of their status, and will aid future work to develop a regulatory and legislative strategy to combat their manufacture, marketing, and use
Study of Gamma-Hydroxybutyric Acid (GHB) Concentrations in Postmortem Blood and Urine
No full textGamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) is present in blood and urine of the general population as an endogenous compound. The published concentrations in postmortem blood ranged from 0-168 mg/L in cases with no previous history of GHB use. Interpretation of GHB results should be carefully considered due to the wide distribution of endogenous concentrations. The objectives of this study are to evaluate and verify the accuracy of a proposed published (50 mg/L) cut-off in 120 blood and 64 urine samples in postmortem cases selected randomly, and to identify GHB-related fatalities. GHB was determined by gas chromatography– mass spectrometry (GC–MS) after extraction of the blood and urine in the presence of the internal standard GHB-D6.
The GHB concentration in majority of the blood samples (95%) was ≤ 50 mg/L, while in 81% it ranged from 10-50 mg/L. In 95% of the urine samples, the GHB concentration ranged from 10-20 mg/L while 82% of the samples had a concentration of < 10 mg/L. In cases where GHB intoxication was identified, GHB concentrations ranged from 264 to >500 mg/L. The proposed published GHB concentration of 50 mg/L may be used as a cut-off to distinguish between natural endogenous concentrations and exogenous use, but this is not sufficient by itself. The detected GHB concentrations, both in vivo and in postmortem samples, require careful interpretation, not only due to its endogenous nature, but also due to the possibility of postmortem production and also due to its rapid metabolism and excretion.In order to distinguish the endogenous GHB concentration from those reflecting abusive GHB levels, defining a specific cut-off value in biological samples is very crucial. Other matrices, such as vitreous humour, femoral blood and hair must also be considered when interpreting postmortem GHB concentrations
Foreword
No full textOne of the main objectives of Naif Arab University for Security Sciences (NAUSS) is to enhance peace, security and justice in the Arab world through education, research, and advanced professional training in various disciplines of security and forensic sciences. NAUSS strives to improve the academic and professional skills of forensic scientists and security personnel to combat crime and terrorism by utilizing all the available tools of modern technology
Naif Arab University for Security Sciences (NAUSS): Pursuing excellence in security science education and research
No full textNaif Arab University for Security Sciences (NAUSS) is under the leadership of His Royal Highness Prince Mohammed bin Naif bin Abdulaziz Al-Saud, Interior Minister of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. His Royal Highness is the Chairman of the Supreme Council at NAUSS. It is a unique educational institution in the Arab world and is located in Riyadh, the capital of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. 
Forensic Science Journals - Where do we stand?
No full textScientific journals play a vital role in enhancing the capabilities of a society to develop successfully They are at the heart of recent research findings, new discoveries and via a peer-reviewing and publishing process, vital research information is shared among the scientific community. The strong and positive role of scientific journals is well recognized across the globe in improving educational standards, giving the new direction to scientific research, discovering new remedies for diseases, revolutionizing industries, developing the latest technologies, and boosting the economic progress of the society