Journals Portal Naif Arab University for Security Sciences
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Criminal Forensics in Morocco: Reality and Prospects
No full textThe Moroccan legislative authority has authorized the criminal investigator to carry out a set of measures that might help him to find and verify evidence. These include the assignment of experts such as a Forensic Medicine doctor. The National Council for Human Rights recommended that forensic medicine in Morocco must be organized and that laws must be laid down regulating the practice of forensic medicine there. In light of the scarcity of references to the study of forensic medicine in Moroccan legislation, we have completed this study, whose content is summarized in the first section of the study, the requirements of the Moroccan Low of Criminal Procedure as a frame of reference for the judiciary, which empowers the judiciary to delegate a forensic doctor when it faces criminal cases that are difficult scientifically, technically and professionally without the assistance of specialists. The second section of the study has been allocated to the prospects of Forensic Medicine in Morocco. This involves a study of the requirements of law related to the practice of Forensic Medicine in Morocco. In accordance with this law, we have identified the specific legal tasks of the Forensic Medicine doctor and the agencies that exclusively carry out forensic medicine tasks. We have also identified the bodies that supervise the proper functioning of the forensic profession.The Moroccan legislator authorized the criminal investigator to carry out a set of measures that might help him to find and verify the evidence. These include the assignment of experts such as forensic doctor.The subject of forensic medicine in Morocco is one of the subjects recommended by the National Council for Human Rights and the need to speed up the issuance of a law regulating the practice of forensic medicine.In light of the scarcity of references to the study of forensic medicine in Moroccan legislation, we have completed this study, whose content is summarized in the following two paragraphs:First paragraph: The subject of the first requirement of the studyThe first requirement of this study is the requirements of the Moroccan Code of Criminal Procedure as a frame of reference for the appellate judiciary, which empowers the judiciary to delegate the forensic doctor when it faces criminal cases that are difficult for him scientifically, technically and professionally to broadcast without the assistance of specialists. Among the cases that are difficult for the criminal judiciary to broadcast without the help of a forensic doctor, we mention, for example:- Suspected death cases [1]- Cases that require determining the proportion of disability resulting from some crimes such as beatings, wound, violence and abuse- Identification of victims by DNA [2]- Cases of diagnosis of physical violence- Cases of proof of the nature of death ... We have also addressed some of the criminal responsibilities that a forensic doctor may face, whether in the case of disclosure of a professional secret, or in the case of false testimony and information regarding criminal cases brought before him by the judiciary.Second paragraph: The second subject of the studyWe have devoted the second requirement of this study to the forensic foresight of studying the prosecutions of the draft law on the practice of forensic medicine in Morocco. In accordance with this draft, we have identified the new competencies that have become legalized by the forensic doctor, as well as the organs that maintain exclusively the functions of forensic medicine. We have also identified the bodies that supervise the proper functioning of the forensic profession
Enhancing PC Data Security via Combining RSA Cryptography and Video Based Steganography
No full textThis paper proposed an enhanced system for securing sensitive text-data on personal computer benefitting from the combination of both techniques: cryptography and steganography. The system security is generated by involving RSA cryptography followed by video based steganography as two sequential layers to insure best possible security gaining the advantages from both. The study modeled the system and implemented it to be tested to explore the relation between security, capacity and data dependency. The experimentations covered testing securing data within 15 different size videos showing interesting results. The research gave enhancement to capacity vs. security, as enforced unavoidable tradeoff. The work uniqueness is presented in showing different measures allowing the user and application to be the decision maker to choose. The tests provided all possibilities of accepting security of 1-LSB, 2-LSB, and 3-LSB methods detailing their effects on the cover video. The main outcome proved applicability to be adopting 3-LSB approach to give acceptable security with practical capacity preferred making 3-LSB winning among 1-LSB and 2-LSB techniques.This paper proposed an enhanced system for securing sensitive text-data on personal computer benefitting from thecombination of both techniques: cryptography and steganography. The system security is generated by involving RSAcryptography followed by video based steganography as two sequential layers to insure best possible security gaining theadvantages from both. The study modeled the system and implemented it to be tested to explore the relation between security,capacity and data dependency. The experimentations covered testing securing data within 15 different size videosshowing interesting results. The research gave enhancement to capacity vs. security, as enforced unavoidable tradeoff.The work uniqueness is presented in showing different measures allowing the user and application to be the decisionmaker to choose. The tests provided all possibilities of accepting security of 1-LSB, 2-LSB, and 3-LSB methods detailingtheir effects on the cover video. The main outcome proved applicability to be adopting 3-LSB approach to give acceptablesecurity with practical capacity preferred making 3-LSB winning among 1-LSB and 2-LSB techniques
Maritime Piracy in the Horn of Africa and its Security Implications on the Arab Region
No full textلقد ظَهرت القرصنة البحرية في منطقة القرن الإفريقي لتداعياتٍ إقليميةٍ ودوليةٍ ارتبطت بالظروف التي أملتها التغيرات التي حدثت في بعض دول المنطقة مثل: الصومال؛ وذلك يتطلّب ضرورة تعزيز فُرص مكافحة نشاطات القراصنة وتجفيف منابع مواردها المالية، بالإضافة إلى معاقبة القراصنة وتقديمهم إلى المحاكم من أجل القضاء على الظاهرة وتحقيق الأمن البحري وانسياب التجارة العالمية بكل سهولةٍ ويسرٍ.Maritime piracy appeared in the Horn of Africa due to regional and international implications associated with the conditions caused by the changes that took place in some countries of the region such as Somalia. This requires the need to enhance opportunities to combat pirate’s activities and to drain the sources of their financial resources. In addition to punishing the pirates and bringing them to courts in order to eliminate this phenomenon and achieve maritime security and the flow of world trade with ease.
 
Total Civilian Deaths During 2003-2015 and Post-Conflict Period in Iraq: Challenges and Achievements of the Medico-Legal Directorate (MLD) in Baghdad
No full textIraq has been involved in several conflicts during the last five decades. The period between 2003-2015 witnessed a dangerous and highly unstable security situation in Iraq resulting in a huge number of civilian fatalities. Accordingly, the work load was also increased on the staff of the Medico-legal Directorate (MLD) of Iraq, which houses the only forensic medicine center for performing autopsies in Baghdad. The present report provides descriptive, statistic, and some demographic data of the total number of deaths during the period 2003-2015 and post-conflict period in Iraq. Results showed that the total number of civilian dead bodies brought to the MLD for performing autopsies during the period 2003-2015 was 95,902, with an average of 7322.46 deaths per year with a mild fluctuation in the total number of deaths over all the years. The median value was 6,408 deaths. A marked elevation in the number of deaths was observed between 2004-2007 and 2014-2015. The highest number of causalities (16,867) was recorded in 2006, while the lowest number was in 2008 (4,063). Known to unknown and male to female ratio was 3.185 and 4.010, respectively. This study intends to highlight the challenges and achievements of the MLD during the conflict (2003–2015) and post-conflict period. The case load and identification issues presented the most important challenges for the staff at the MLD with rather limited facilities and co promised infrastructure.
Lightning Skin Burns: A Case Report
No full textLightning strike is a rare natural phenomenon which can cause death due to serious medical complications including myocardial infarction, arrhythmia, cutaneous burns, and respiratory as well as neurological disorders. This study presents a report on a 50-year-old male who died after being struck by lightning. The man sustained burns from the neck to the ankle. Interestingly, fern-like skin erythema was seen in the anterior aspects of the right and left shoulders and left side of the lower part of the anterior abdominal wall. Multiple 2nd degree burns were found. The largest was found in the middle of the front of the neck extending to the upper part of the chest with linear extension to the front of the abdomen. Other burns were found in the abdominal wall, pubic region, and medial aspects of both thighs. Areas of erythema were found in the back of the left thigh and legs to the medial aspects of the ankles. Hair singing was found in the beard, back of both forearms and in the pubic region. Clothes were burnt and torn opposite to the skin lesions. The cause of death was most likely cardiorespiratory arrest. In conclusion, more awareness about lightning is highly recommended as it remains as a serious cause of environmental deaths with unique skin burns
Trust Modeling in Wireless Sensor Networks: State of the Art
No full textWireless sensor networks (WSNs) is the backbone of the new generation of internet of things (IoT). WSNs are growing rapidly and security threats are increasingly growing as well. Trust computing plays a crucial role in WSN security modeling. In WSN node trust is important to keep the network safe and operational. This paper presents the state-of-the-art techniques in WSN Trust modeling. Comparison and analysis of most recent solutions were conducted. Direction and trends of current and future research approaches are also presented.Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is the backbone of the new generation of internet of things (IoT). WSNs are growingrapidly and security threats are increasingly growing as well. Trust computing plays a crucial role in WSN securitymodeling. In WSN node trust is important to keep the network safe and operational. This paper presents the state-of-thearttechniques in WSN Trust modeling. Comparison and analysis of most recent solutions were conducted. Direction andtrends of current and future research approaches are also presented
International Criminal Cooperation for Exchanging Information with the International Criminal Court
No full textيعتبر تبادل المعلومات بين أشخاص القانون الدولي من أهم الموضوعات التي يمكن بحثها في إطار العلاقات الدولية، وقد زادت قيمة التعاون المذكور مع ازدياد التحديات الدولية وتفاقم المشكلات الأمنية، ولعل تنامي الظاهرة الإجرامية في المقدمة منها، والتعاون الدولي الجنائي مثل غيره من أنماط التعاون الأخرى يقوم على مبادئ القانون الدولي العام والعلاقات الدولية الراسخة؛ ومن قبيل ذلك مبدأ المعاملة بالمثل ومبدأ التلقائية، ولا يمكن الاستغناء عن أي من تلك المبادئ. كما أن حاجة القضاء الدولي إلى المعلومات توازي حاجته إلى توفير المحاكمة العادلة وترسيخ مبادئ العدالة الجنائية الدولية، فتقديم المعلومات إلى القضاء الدولي الجنائي ممثلًا بالمحكمة الجنائية الدولية أضحى من الضرورات، والدول والمنظمات الدولية تدرك قيمة وأهمية التعاون مع القضاء المذكور وعليها دعمه ليتمكن من معاقبة مرتكبي الجرائم الأكثر خطورة.Information exchange with persons of international law is one of the most important topics that can be discussed within international relations.
International criminal cooperation has increased as a result of escalating challenges and security problems. However, the aggravation of a criminal phenomenon constitutes the most important reason for this cooperation. International criminal cooperation is similar to other types of cooperation. It is based on the principles of public international law and strong international relations. These principles include reciprocity and spontaneous cooperation. None of the principles of public international law can be excluded. International judicial institutions need information for providing fair trials and promoting the principles of international criminal justice. Exchanging information with the international criminal judicial institutions represented by the international criminal court is also essential. Moreover, all countries and international organizations recognize the importance of cooperation with international criminal judicial institutions, and they view it as a vital requirement for obtaining the necessary capabilities for penalizin
Requirements for the Application of the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) in Saudi Universities
No full textتسعى الجامعات أثناء تنفيذ إستراتيجياتها إلى تحقيق أهداف محددة؛ لذا عليها أن تقيس مقدار تحقيقها لهذه الأهداف والاستفادة من نتائج هذا القياس لتحسين وتطوير أدائها وتحقيق إستراتيجياتها، وأحد الأساليب المُناسبة لذلك بطاقة الأداء المُتوازن. وقبل تطبيق البطاقة لا بدّ من التعرف على مدى توافر مُتطلبات هذا التطبيق حتى لا يتعرض تطبيقها للفشل لعدم توافر هذه المُتطلبات؛ ولذا جاءت هذه الدراسة لتجيب عن سؤالٍ رئيسٍ هو: ما مدى توافر متطلبات تطبيق بطاقة الأداء المُتوازن في الجامعات السعودية؟
وقد استهدفت الدراسة التعرف على مدى وجود إستراتيجية للجامعات السعودية ومدى تنفيذها، وكذلك مدى وجود حاجةٍ لتطبيق بطاقة الأداء المُتوازن وقناعة الإدارة العليا بها، ومدى دعم ومُشاركة العاملين في تطبيقها، ومدى توافر البيانات والموارد اللازمة لتطبيقها ومدى شمولية اهتمام الجامعات السعودية بمنظور بطاقة الأداء المتوازن. واستخدمت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي وأُجريت على عينةٍ مكونةٍ من قيادات التطوير والجودة في خمس جامعاتٍ سعوديةٍ.
وأوصى البحث بتطبيق بطاقة الأداء المتوازن في الجامعات السعودية إيجادًا للغةٍ مشتركةٍ بين الجامعات في القياس، وتمهيدًا لسهولة نشر أفضل الممارسات بين الجامعات والاستفادة منها، خصوصًا مع اهتمام الدولة الكبير بهذا الموضوع.Universities seek to achieve specific objectives when implementing of their strategies. They have to measure the achievement of these objectives and to benefit from the results of this measurement to improve their performance and achieve their strategies. One of the most appropriate methods to do the measure is the Balanced Scorecard. Prior to the application of the card, it is necessary to recognize the availability of the requirements of this application, so that it will not be subject to failure due to the lack of such requirements. Therefore, this study seeks to answer the following main question: to what extent are the requirements for the application of the Balanced Scorecard available in Saudi universities?
The study aimed to recognize the extent of the existence of a strategy for Saudi universities and the extent of its implementation. Moreover, it seeks to recognize the need to apply the Balanced Scorecard and the conviction of the senior management, and the extent of the participation and support of the employees in its application. In addition to the availability of data and resources required for its application, and the extent of Saudi universities interest in the perspective of the Balanced Scorecard. The study used the analytical descriptive method and was conducted on a sample of development and quality leaders in five Saudi universities.
 
Stature Reconstruction from Percutaneous Anthropometry of Long Bones of Upper Extremity of Nigerians in the University of Lagos
No full textAnthropometric databases are essential in biological profiling. Stature reconstruction could play an integral role in helping forensic anthropologists in establishing the identity of human remains at crime and/or disaster scenes. This study aimed to derive simple and multiple linear regression equations for reconstruction of stature from upper limb segments in a living adult Nigerian population. The sample included 230 adult medical students at the University of Lagos, Nigeria (100 males and 130 females), aged 18 to 36 years. Direct anthropometric methods were employed to measure all variables. Stature, arm and forearm lengths were measured. Results showed a strong positive correlation between long bones and stature (p < 0.01). Both simple and multiple regression equations were derived and showed low standard errors of estimate and high coefficients of determination (R2). This study presents a simple and reliable approach to predict stature, which may help forensic scientists in disaster victim identification and in medico-legal jurisprudence.
Automatic Intrusion Detection System Using Deep Recurrent Neural Network Paradigm
No full textNetwork security field had gained research community attention in the last decade due to its growing importance. This paper addresses directly one vital problem in that field is “Intrusion Detection System” (IDS). As much as many researchers tackle this problem, many challenges arise while converting this research to reliable automatic system. The biggest challenge is to make the system works with low false alarm with new unseen threats. In this paper, we address this challenge by building a descriptive model using different models of deep Recurrent Neural Network (RNNs). (RNN) models has the ability to generalize the knowledge that can be used to identify seen and unseen threats. This generalization comes from RNN capabilities to define in its terms the normal behavior and the deviation accepted to be normal. Four different models of RNN were tested on a benchmark dataset, NSL-KDD, which is a standard test dataset for network intrusion. The proposed system showed superiority over other previously developed systems according to the standard measurements: accuracy, recall, precision and f-measure.Network security field had gained research community attention in the last decade due to its growing importance.This paper addresses directly one vital problem in that field is “Intrusion Detection System” (IDS). As much as manyresearchers tackle this problem, many challenges arise while converting this research to reliable automatic system. Thebiggest challenge is to make the system works with low false alarm with new unseen threats. In this paper, we addressthis challenge by building a descriptive model using different models of deep Recurrent Neural Network (RNNs). (RNN)models has the ability to generalize the knowledge that can be used to identify seen and unseen threats. This generalizationcomes from RNN capabilities to define in its terms the normal behavior and the deviation accepted to be normal. Fourdifferent models of RNN were tested on a benchmark dataset, NSL-KDD, which is a standard test dataset for networkintrusion. The proposed system showed superiority over other previously developed systems according to the standardmeasurements: accuracy, recall, precision and f-measure