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Summary of variables retained for final ensemble species distribution models.
No full textSummary of variables retained for final ensemble species distribution models.</p
The difference of the analyzed and excluded data.
No full textSocial isolation exacerbates physical frailty and is associated with subjective well-being. Even those with high levels of social isolation may have different health statuses depending on the type of isolation and their subjective well-being. However, the effect of subjective well-being on the relationship between social isolation and physical frailty remains unclear. This study examined whether the risk of physical frailty was the same for individuals with social isolation according to high and low subjective well-being. The study participants included 1,953 middle-aged Japanese adults aged 45 years and older. Physical frailty was assessed using a modified version of the Fried phenotype criteria. Probabilistic Latent Semantic Analysis was used to classify participants according to social isolation indicators. Subsequently, we focused on the groups with high social isolation and classified them according to whether their subjective well-being was high or low. Subjective well-being was evaluated using the Shiawase and Ikigai scales, which are concepts used in Japan. Finally, we used survival time analysis to examine the relationship between Shiawase or Ikigai and physical frailty in groups with high social isolation. The participants were classified into four groups based on their social isolation status. The physical frailty rate of the high social isolation class was 37.0%, which was significantly higher than that of the other classes. Survival time analysis revealed that among people with high social isolation, those with high Shiawase and Ikigai had a significantly lower risk of physical frailty than those with low Shiawase and Ikigai. All individuals with high social isolation are not at a high risk of physical frailty. The findings reveal that even those with high level of social isolation may have a lower risk of physical frailty if their subjective well-being is high. These results will contribute to promoting the prevention of frailty in middle-aged and older adults.</div
Data Bruschini et al.
No full textThe Mediterranean region is at the same time a biodiversity and a climate change hotspot, with forecasted increased summer aridity. In Northern Europe, butterflies generally expand their distribution poleward, while this dynamic does not result in population loss at Southern Mediterranean boundaries. This suggests the existence of mechanisms to cope with increasing aridity and their identification will be key to tailoring data-driven conservation strategies. We examined the fine-scale dynamics of butterfly species in the Mediterranean hills (~900m a.s.l.) of the Monte Peglia UNESCO reserve (Central Italy). We fortnightly sampled 90 plots from April to October 2022 (the locally hottest summer of the last 10 years) and documented three main patterns: 1) butterfly richness and abundance correlate with environmental features and these relationships vary across seasons. Richer sites consisted of some 30% of woods coverage and were located at higher altitudes and closer to water during summer (area-based analysis). 2) Environmental preferences vary according to species traits. Specialist species and those adapted to colder climates and narrower temperature ranges were more abundant in sites at higher altitudes, closer to water bodies and with wider woodland coverage (fourth-quadrant analysis). 3) Although most species preferred meadow habitats, when temperature increases, they were more abundant in sites with wider tree coverage, closer to streams, and at higher altitude (species-based analysis). This dynamic demonstrates that butterflies opportunistically move to cooler micro-habitats to buffer high temperatures. This phenomenon potentially involves most of the community since the species showing significant effects encompass >80% of the observed individuals. Our results introduce new dimensions to the niche of Mediterranean butterflies, highlighting the importance of shady micro-habitats, altitudinal ranges, and water streams, which will likely to become critical with increased aridity. By combining our results with literature data, we provided a protocol to preserve Mediterranean butterflies within the resist-accept-direct framework.</p
Frailty assessment criteria.
No full textSocial isolation exacerbates physical frailty and is associated with subjective well-being. Even those with high levels of social isolation may have different health statuses depending on the type of isolation and their subjective well-being. However, the effect of subjective well-being on the relationship between social isolation and physical frailty remains unclear. This study examined whether the risk of physical frailty was the same for individuals with social isolation according to high and low subjective well-being. The study participants included 1,953 middle-aged Japanese adults aged 45 years and older. Physical frailty was assessed using a modified version of the Fried phenotype criteria. Probabilistic Latent Semantic Analysis was used to classify participants according to social isolation indicators. Subsequently, we focused on the groups with high social isolation and classified them according to whether their subjective well-being was high or low. Subjective well-being was evaluated using the Shiawase and Ikigai scales, which are concepts used in Japan. Finally, we used survival time analysis to examine the relationship between Shiawase or Ikigai and physical frailty in groups with high social isolation. The participants were classified into four groups based on their social isolation status. The physical frailty rate of the high social isolation class was 37.0%, which was significantly higher than that of the other classes. Survival time analysis revealed that among people with high social isolation, those with high Shiawase and Ikigai had a significantly lower risk of physical frailty than those with low Shiawase and Ikigai. All individuals with high social isolation are not at a high risk of physical frailty. The findings reveal that even those with high level of social isolation may have a lower risk of physical frailty if their subjective well-being is high. These results will contribute to promoting the prevention of frailty in middle-aged and older adults.</div
Summary of the results of previous studies supporting the educational environment factor, the physical environment factor and the cooking factor, and comparison of these with the variables that were examined for their impact on making and serving vegetable side dishes in the present study.
No full textSummary of the results of previous studies supporting the educational environment factor, the physical environment factor and the cooking factor, and comparison of these with the variables that were examined for their impact on making and serving vegetable side dishes in the present study.</p
Examples of leftover vegetable dishes and content delivered from communal kitchen A.
No full textExamples of leftover vegetable dishes and content delivered from communal kitchen A.</p
Reflectance of flower organs and their plots in the bee color space.
No full text(a) Diffuse reflectance spectra of flower organs of the six cultivars: ‘Kosui’ (K), ‘Hosui’ (H), ‘Niitaka’ (N), ‘Akizuki’ (A), ‘Shurei’ (S), and ‘Inagi’ (I). Petals (solid lines) and anthers including pollen (dashed lines). Arrows below the spectra indicate the visible range of bees and human beings. (b) Color loci of flower organs plotted in the visual spaces of bees. Petals (filled circles) and anthers including pollen (opened circles). The visual modeling was based on CH model [26]. The curved line represents the spectral locus of theoretical pure stimuli for Apis mellifera [29]. The central circle (37]. The box in the center of the hexagon indicates the achromatic center (foliage as a background). The excitation of UV, blue, and green is indicated with respective points in the hexagon space. The spectra and loci represents the average of five biological replications for each cultivar. Color variables of (c) petals and (d) anthers including pollen in the CH model. Mean ± SD (n = 5 for each cultivar). Different letters denote significant differences in Tukey–Kramer multiple comparisons (p < 0.05); ns, not significant.</p
Odds of response to anti-VEGF treatment according to genetic association models.
No full textOR = odds ratio, CI = credible interval, PD = probability of direction. Co-dominant odds ratio corresponds to homozygous wildtype versus homozygous mutations.</p
SNP for TSP1, BIM and CFH analyzed.
No full textAge-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a vision threatening disease in older adults. Anti-VEGF treatment is effective for the majority of neovascular AMD (nAMD) patients, although approximately 30% of nAMD patients have an incomplete response for unknown reasons. Here we assessed the contribution of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in key angioinflammatory regulatory genes in nAMD patients with an incomplete response compared to those responsive to anti-VEGF treatment. A total of 25 responsive and 30 nAMD patients with an incomplete response to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) treatment were examined for known SNPs that impact the structure and function of thromobospondin-1 (TSP1), Bcl-2-interacting mediator of cell death (BIM) and complement factor H (CFH). Plasma levels of C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2/MCP1), TSP1 and VEGF were assessed by ELISA. Patients responsive to anti-VEGF treatment showed a significant increase in the TSP1 rs2228262 AA allele and a trend for the BIM (rs724710) CT allele. Consistent with previous reports, 42% of the patients responsive to anti-VEGF expressed the CC allele for CFH rs1061170. Although the CFH TT allele had similarly low prevalence in both groups, the TC allele tended to be more prevalent in patients with an incomplete response. Patients with an incomplete response also had increased plasma CCL2/MCP1 levels, consistent with the role increased inflammation has in the pathogenesis of nAMD. Our studies point to new tools to assess the potential responsiveness of nAMD patients to anti-VEGF treatment and suggest the potential use of anti-CCL2 for treatment of nAMD patients with an incomplete response to anti-VEGF.</div
Multivariable logistic regression analysis for risk of cirrhosis.
No full textMultivariable logistic regression analysis for risk of cirrhosis.</p