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Supplementary Figure S2 from Unsatisfactory Fecal Immunochemical Tests for Colorectal Cancer Screening: Prevalence, Reasons, and Subsequent Testing
No full textThis figure shows prevalence of unsatisfactory FIT over the study period</p
Supplementary Table S2 from Genetic and Environmental Causes of Variation in an Automated Breast Cancer Risk Factor Based on Mammographic Textures
No full textSupplementary Table S2 shows that the age-constant model gave a more parsimonious fit than the piecewise linear model; the total variance was 12.76 (SE: 0.34).</p
Supplementary Table S4 from Genetic and Environmental Causes of Variation in an Automated Breast Cancer Risk Factor Based on Mammographic Textures
No full textSupplementary Table S4 shows that the best fitting model was found when β_C was smaller than 0.4 when we let β_C for DZ and non-twin sister pairs combined increase from 0 to 1 with a step of 0.1. The model gave a better fit than the aforementioned ACE or AE model. The A was estimated to be 0.32 (SE: 0.05), 0.27 (SE: 0.07), 0.19 (SE: 0.09), and 0.03 (SE: 0.14) when β_C was 0, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3, respectively, and relevant C was estimated to be 0.20 (SE: 0.06), 0.25 (SE: 0.07), 0.33 (SE: 0.10), and 0.49 (SE: 0.15), respectively.</p
PET evaluation of myocardial perfusion function after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with chronic total occlusion: a systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textObjective. The benefit of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in chronic complete coronary artery occlusion (CTO) remains controversial. PCI is currently indicated only for symptom and myocardial ischemia abolition, but large chronically occluded vessels with extensive afferent myocardial territories may benefit most from this procedure. The noninvasive evaluation of myocardial perfusion is critical before and after revascularization, and positron emission tomography (PET) can determine absolute myocardial perfusion. Here, we aimed to explore and compare myocardial perfusion in CTO territories and their remote associated areas before and after PCI. Design. We searched for relevant articles published before November 28, 2022, in the Cochrane Library and PubMed. We calculated 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and standardized mean differences (SMDs) for parameters related to myocardial perfusion in CTO territories and remote areas in CTO patients before and after PCI. Results. We included five studies published between 2017 and 2022, with a total of 592 patients. Stress myocardial blood flow (MBF) was increased in CTO territories after PCI when compared to pre-PCI (mean difference [MD]: 1.70, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.33-2.08, p (CFR) in CTO regions was also higher after PCI (MD 1.37,95% [CI]1.13-1.61, p p = 0.004), as was CFR in remote regions (MD 0.32,95% [CI] 0.14-0.5, p = 0.001). Conclusions. According to our pooled analysis of current literature, there was an increase in stress MBF and CFR in both CTOs and remote regions after PCI, suggesting that patients with CTO have widespread recovery of blood perfusion after the procedure. These results provide evidence that patients with CTO arteries and high ischemic burdens would indeed benefit from CTO-PCI. Future research on the correlation of ischemia burden reduction with hard clinical endpoints would contribute to a clearer demarcation of the role of CTO PCI with prognostic potential.</p
Performance Improvement of Methane oxy-MILD Combustion with High Initial Oxygen Contents Using a Novel Non-premixed Oxygen/Recycled Flue Gas Jet Burner
No full textOxy-fuel moderate or intense low-oxygen
dilution (oxy-MILD) combustion
is a promising technology to control NOx emissions while achieving large-scale CO2 capture in
gas-fired industrial furnaces. However, oxy-MILD combustion still
presents challenges at high initial oxygen levels, where less satisfactory
thermal uniformity and even high NOx emissions
may occur. To address these challenges, this paper reports a novel
non-premixed oxygen/recycled flue gas (O2/RFG) jet burner,
whose novelty lies in that O2 and RFG are separately supplied
(where RFG serves as a “barrier gas” between fuel and
oxygen jets to delay their mixing before reaction) rather than premixed
with each other conventionally. Meanwhile, an improved GRI-Mech 3.0
model is proposed to predict prompt-NO formation via the NCN pathway
more accurately by adding the NCN, HNCN, and HNC reaction subsets.
Using the improved GRI-Mech 3.0 model, the performances of the non-premixed
O2/RFG jet burner and its difference from those of the
premixed one during methane oxy-MILD combustion are evaluated at different
oxygen concentrations of 25–35 vol % in a laboratory-scale
furnace. In particular, NO formation and reduction via thermal, prompt,
N2O-intermediate, NNH, and reburning pathways are revealed
in addition to combustion and heat transfer characteristics. Results
show that, compared to the premixed one, the non-premixed O2/RFG jet burner can sustain oxy-MILD combustion at a higher initial
oxygen level, where better temperature/heat flux uniformity is obtained
in a larger reaction zone. What’s more, NO emissions can be
reduced by 14.8–64.9% if air leakage occurs, mainly due to
less NO formation via N2 + O → NO and N2O + H/O → NO in the thermal and N2O-intermediate
pathways; also, the efficiency of NO reduction via HCCO/CHi=0–3 + NO reactions is enhanced by 2.3–8.6%
when doping 100–800 ppm of NO in the oxidizer. In conclusion,
the non-premixed O2/RFG jet burner is recommended to be
used to help establish/sustain oxy-MILD combustion at high initial
oxygen levels in industrial furnaces, where further NO emission reduction
can be achieved while improving thermal uniformity
Performance Improvement of Methane oxy-MILD Combustion with High Initial Oxygen Contents Using a Novel Non-premixed Oxygen/Recycled Flue Gas Jet Burner
No full textOxy-fuel moderate or intense low-oxygen
dilution (oxy-MILD) combustion
is a promising technology to control NOx emissions while achieving large-scale CO2 capture in
gas-fired industrial furnaces. However, oxy-MILD combustion still
presents challenges at high initial oxygen levels, where less satisfactory
thermal uniformity and even high NOx emissions
may occur. To address these challenges, this paper reports a novel
non-premixed oxygen/recycled flue gas (O2/RFG) jet burner,
whose novelty lies in that O2 and RFG are separately supplied
(where RFG serves as a “barrier gas” between fuel and
oxygen jets to delay their mixing before reaction) rather than premixed
with each other conventionally. Meanwhile, an improved GRI-Mech 3.0
model is proposed to predict prompt-NO formation via the NCN pathway
more accurately by adding the NCN, HNCN, and HNC reaction subsets.
Using the improved GRI-Mech 3.0 model, the performances of the non-premixed
O2/RFG jet burner and its difference from those of the
premixed one during methane oxy-MILD combustion are evaluated at different
oxygen concentrations of 25–35 vol % in a laboratory-scale
furnace. In particular, NO formation and reduction via thermal, prompt,
N2O-intermediate, NNH, and reburning pathways are revealed
in addition to combustion and heat transfer characteristics. Results
show that, compared to the premixed one, the non-premixed O2/RFG jet burner can sustain oxy-MILD combustion at a higher initial
oxygen level, where better temperature/heat flux uniformity is obtained
in a larger reaction zone. What’s more, NO emissions can be
reduced by 14.8–64.9% if air leakage occurs, mainly due to
less NO formation via N2 + O → NO and N2O + H/O → NO in the thermal and N2O-intermediate
pathways; also, the efficiency of NO reduction via HCCO/CHi=0–3 + NO reactions is enhanced by 2.3–8.6%
when doping 100–800 ppm of NO in the oxidizer. In conclusion,
the non-premixed O2/RFG jet burner is recommended to be
used to help establish/sustain oxy-MILD combustion at high initial
oxygen levels in industrial furnaces, where further NO emission reduction
can be achieved while improving thermal uniformity
Seasonal differences in insect herbivory on woody plant seedlings along a subtropical elevational gradient
No full textPremise: Theories of plant-herbivore interactions hold that seedlings are more vulnerable to herbivory in warmer and more stable climates at lower elevations. Hypotheses of plant apparency, resource concentration, and resource availability have been proposed to explain the variability in leaf herbivory. However, the seasonal differences of leaf herbivory on seedlings remain unclear.Methods: To address this issue, we measured the percent and frequency of leaf herbivory in understory seedling communities within a subtropical forest during two seasons (May and October), covering an elevational gradient from 290 m to 1370 m. In total, 2,890 leaves across 696 seedling individuals belonging to 95 species were measured. Beta regression analyses were used to assess the effects of biotic and abiotic factors (leaf area, seedling height, community height, plant diversity, light, and soil nutrients) on leaf herbivory.Key results: Plant seedlings exhibited single-peaked elevational patterns of percent and frequency leaf herbivory. The effects of drivers on leaf herbivory varied in two seasons. Leaf herbivory was influenced by leaf area, seedling height, plant diversity, canopy openness, and soil nutrients in May, while mediated mainly by seedling height, plant diversity, canopy openness, and soil nutrients in October. The findings are only consistent with the resource concentration hypothesis, with lower leaf herbivory on seedling leaves in high plant diversity, but not with the results predicted by the plant apparency and resource availability hypotheses.Conclusions: Overall, our study highlights the importance of seasonal herbivory differences toward a comprehensive understanding of leaf herbivory in subtropical forests.</p
Additional file 1 of Novel neutralizing SARS-CoV-2-specific mAbs offer detection of RBD linear epitopes
No full textAdditional file 1 Fig. S1 Reactivity assessment of rRBD binding to human ACE2. rRBD was detected by ACE2-HRP in ELISA. The experiment was performed in duplicates and the mean value is given
