5683099 research outputs found
Sort by
Table_1_Geographical and life-history traits associated with low and high species richness across angiosperm families.xlsx
No full textIntroductionThe phenomenal expansion of angiosperms has prompted many investigations into the factors driving their diversification, but there remain significant gaps in our understanding of flowering plant species diversity.MethodsUsing the crown age of families from five studies, we used a maximum likelihood approach to classify families as having poor, predicted or high species richness (SR) using strict consensus criteria. Using these categories, we looked for associations between family SR and i) the presence of an inferred familial ancestral polyploidization event, ii) 23 life history and floral traits compiled from previously published datasets and papers, and iii) sexual system (dioecy) or genetically determined self-incompatibility (SI) mating system using an updated version of our own database and iv) geographic distribution using a new database describing the global distribution of plant species/families across realms and biomes and inferred range.ResultsWe find that more than a third of angiosperm families (65%) had predicted SR, a large proportion (30.2%) were species poor, while few (4.8%) had high SR. Families with poor SR were less likely to have undergone an ancestral polyploidization event, exhibited deficits in diverse traits, and were more likely to have unknown breeding systems and to be found in only one or few biomes and realms, especially the Afrotropics or Australasia. On the other hand, families with high SR were more likely to have animal mediated pollination or dispersal, are enriched for epiphytes and taxa with an annual life history, and were more likely to harbour sporophytic SI systems. Mapping the global distribution of georeferenced taxa by their family DR, we find evidence of regions dominated by taxa from lineages with high vs low SR.DiscussionThese results are discussed within the context of the literature describing “depauperons” and the factors contributing to low and high biodiversity in angiosperm clades.</p
ANOVA between froups - Differences between male and female football
No full textANOVA Differences between groups</p
Supporting Information for Fragility Longitudinal Study
No full textIn this study, we report longitudinal frailty and lifespan data on two genetically distinct mouse cohorts to evaluate noninvasive strategies to predict life expectancy in mice.</p
Upconversion at Solid/Liquid Interfaces Using Perovskite Single Crystal Triplet Sensitizers
No full textPerovskite-sensitized photon upconversion (UC) has the
potential
to improve a wide range of technologies including photocatalysis and
photovoltaics, by converting two low energy photons into a single
photon of higher energy. To date, perovskite-sensitized UC has been
studied by using nanocrystals in solution and solid-state thin film
bilayers using polycrystalline perovskite films. While efficient UC
has been achieved in thin film bilayers, surface inhomogeneities and
defects due to individual perovskite crystal grains and grain boundaries
may limit the overall performance. However, one of the main issues
in solid-state UC is a limited number of viable triplet annihilators
in the solid-state due to unfavorable intermolecular interactions
and competing relaxation pathways. Here, we investigate the properties
of mixed cation methylammonium formamidinium lead triiodide perovskite
single crystals using X-ray diffraction and optical spectroscopy and
their subsequent incorporation and performance as triplet sensitizers
for triplet–triplet annihilation in solution-based rubrene.
With the hybrid solid-state/solution approach presented here, a wide
number of potential annihilators can be rapidly be screened. In addition,
the higher surface homogeneity and orders of magnitude lower defect
densities and higher stability of perovskite single crystals allow
for potential improvements to interfacial charge transfer processes
and increases in UC performance due to reduced carrier trapping
Photocatalytic Degradation of Antibiotics via Exploitation of a Magnetic Nanocomposite: A Green Nanotechnology Approach toward Drug-Contaminated Wastewater Reclamation
No full textIn the quest for
eco-conscious innovations, this research was designed
for the sustainable synthesis of magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles, using ferric chloride hexahydrate salt as a precursor
and extract of Eucalyptus globulus leaves
as both a reducing and capping agent, which are innovatively applied
as a photocatalyst for the photocatalytic degradation of antibiotics
“ciprofloxacin and amoxicillin”. Sugar cane bagasse
biomass, sugar cane bagasse pyrolyzed biochar, and magnetite/sugar
cane bagasse biochar nanocomposite were also synthesized via environmentally
friendly organized approaches. The optimum conditions for the degradation
of ciprofloxacin and amoxicillin were found to be pH 6 for ciprofloxacin
and 5 for amoxicillin, dosage of the photocatalyst (0.12 g), concentration
(100 mg/L), and irradiation time (240 min). The maximum efficiencies
of percentage degradation for ciprofloxacin and amoxicillin were found
to be (73.51%) > (63.73%) > (54.57%) and (74.07%) > (61.55%)
> (50.66%)
for magnetic nanocomposites, biochar, and magnetic nanoparticles,
respectively. All catalysts demonstrated favorable performance; however,
the “magnetite/SCB biochar” nanocomposite exhibited
the most promising results among the various catalysts employed in
the photocatalytic degradation of antibiotics. Kinetic studies for
the degradation of antibiotics were also performed, and notably, the
pseudo-first-order chemical reaction showed the best results for the
degradation of antibiotics. Through a comprehensive and comparative
analysis of three unique photocatalysts, this research identified
optimal conditions for efficient treatment of drug-contaminated wastewater,
thus amplifying the practical significance of the findings. The recycling
of magnetic nanoparticles through magnetic separation, coupled with
their functional modification for integration into composite materials,
holds significant application potential in the degradation of antibiotics
Multi-DNA-Modified Double-Network Hydrogel with Customized Microstructure: A Novel System for Living Circulating Tumor Cells Capture and Real-Time Detection
No full textThe
precise and effective isolation of living circulating tumor
cells (CTCs) from peripheral blood, followed by their real-time monitoring,
is crucial for diagnosing cancer patients. In this study, a cell-imprinted
double-network (DN) hydrogel modified with circular multi-DNA (CMD),
coined the CMD-imprinted hydrogel with fixed cells as templates (CMD-CIDH),
was developed. The hydrogel featured a customized surface for proficient
capture of viable CTCs and in situ real-time fluorescent
detection without subsequent release. The customized surface, constructed
using polyacrylamide/chitosan DN hydrogel as the matrix on the cell
template, had a dense network structure, thereby ensuring excellent
stability and a low degradation rate. Optimal capture efficiencies,
recorded at 93 ± 3% for MCF-7 cells and 90 ± 2% for Hela
cells, were achieved by grafting the CMD and adjusting the nodule
size on the customized surface. The capture efficiency remained significantly
high at 67 ± 11% in simulated breast cancer patient experiments
even at a minimal concentration of 5 cells mL–1.
Furthermore, CMD grafted onto the surface produced a potent fluorescence
signature, enabling in situ real-time fluorescent
detection of the target cell’s growth state even in complex
environments. The customized surface is highly efficient for screening
CTCs in peripheral blood and has promising potential for setting up
the CTCs culture
Comparisons of clinical subtypes, symptom severity, global functioning, emotional and behavior problems, and CPT test profiles in children and adolescents with ADHD with and without co-occurring internet gaming disorder
No full textThis study aims to assess whether the presence of Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) is associated with disease severity, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder(ADHD) presentation, emotional problems, behavioral problems, and CPT profile in patients with ADHD. Forty children with IGD and sixty-four patients without IGD were included in the study, all of whom had a diagnosis of ADHD. Comorbid psychiatric disorders were determined using The Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (K-SADS). Conners’s Parent Rating Scale-Revised Short form (CPRS-RS), The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), Internet Gaming Disorder Questionnaire (IGD-20), and MOXO Continuous Performance Test (MOXO d-CPT) were performed on the children, and Clinical Global Impression (CGI), Children’s Global Assessment Scale (CGAS), comorbidities and ADHD presentations were evaluated. The IGD group was found to have the combined presentation of ADHD more commonly, and their CGI, CGAS, SDQ behavior problems subscale, cognitive problems, attention problems, and ADHD index in the CPRS-RS questionnaire were found to be higher (p p > 0.05). Our study has shown that children with both ADHD and IGD had more severe symptoms, more behavioral problems, and differences regarding the prevalence of the ADHD presentations when compared to children having ADHD without IGD. Longitudinal studies with higher sample sizes are required to investigate this possible connection in the context of a cause-effect relationship and draw a conclusion.</p
Deep Neural Network Architectures for Advanced Hiking Map Generation
No full textIn this context, we are sharing the data related to our article. We have made available the datasets used for training, the data employed to generate predictions in the test environment, the outcomes of our experiments, and the code that facilitated the evaluation of the data.</p
Economic Botany Collection, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: 67762 Shield from Brazil (Spruce Collection)
No full textThese models were produced as examples during a project visit to the Economic Botany Collection, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.</p
The Irreducible Forces of Home: Ensemble Art Practices of Parent/Artists during COVID 19
No full textThe Irreducible Forces of Home: Ensemble Art Practices of Parent/Artists during COVID explores the creative ecologies of five parent/artists during lockdown who, in different ways, celebrate the entanglement of multiple, interconnected tasks. Each example moves us, as reader, through the rooms and passages of a home, across the threshold of the front door, into the garden and across the road to the communal space of an adjacent park. As we move, what becomes apparent are the productive tensions that arise between imaginative, social and environmental connections and how they can change from an individuals practice to that of a family and a community. To move through the home to outdoors, highlights the significance of ‘place’ within those attachments and relationships, and the ways in which creative practice can play a substantial role in attending to, sustaining, and cherishing ways of belonging in the world.</p