Salud Integral y Comunitaria (Journal)
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Surgical trends in the treatment of type IIIB Gustilo fractures: a systematic review
Full text linkIntroduction: The objective of this review was to identify the most commonly used methods of coverage in Gustilo type IIIB fractures, as well as those that offer the greatest benefits with the fewest risks and complications.
Methods: A systematic descriptive literature review was conducted, following the PRISMA statement guidelines and adopting the scientific quality recommendations necessary to ensure the adequate systematization of the information. The search was performed in the PubMed, ProQuest, ResearchGate, and Web of Science databases, selected for their relevance and accessibility.
Results: After the selection, analysis, and refinement of the records obtained, a total of 20 studies were included in the review.
Conclusions: In the management of Gustilo type IIIB fractures, the choice of coverage technique is a decisive factor in preventing complications and promoting optimal patient recovery. The debate continues regarding the use of free or locoregional flaps, given that both options have comparable results in terms of efficacy, survival rate, and complications
Intravenous anesthetics most commonly used in pediatrics
Full text linkIntroduction: Anesthesia is described as the provision of medication to induce amnesia, analgesia, and muscle relaxation, allowing surgical intervention in a patient. Objective: To describe the most commonly used intravenous anesthetics in pediatric patients. Development: The best type of anesthesia to be used is evaluated depending on the type of surgical intervention the child will undergo. For surgical procedures that require total numbness, general anesthesia is the most common, however, it is one of the types of anesthesia that presents the greatest risks after the postoperative period, so constant monitoring by the anesthesiologist is important. Intravenous anesthetics such as propofol, remifentanil, fentanyl, and ketamine are widely used intravenously, so it is always necessary to act with great caution, never with overconfidence, and be prepared for any eventuality. Conclusions: The type of anesthesia used will depend on the type of surgery. Regardless of the type of anesthesia to be administered, the anesthesiologist must be highly trained and perform preoperative tests, especially in cases of general anesthesia where the child\u27s weight and the dose to be administered are key factors
Arboviruses in the Americas: a review of dengue, Zika, chikungunya, and yellow fever
Full text linkAbstractArboviruses are a major public health problem worldwide, particularly in Latin America. Among the most relevant are dengue, with its four serotypes, Zika virus, chikungunya virus, and yellow fever. These diseases, transmitted mainly by mosquitoes of the genus Aedes, share initial clinical manifestations, which makes differential diagnosis difficult. In addition, they present serious complications such as encephalitis, congenital microcephaly, chronic arthritis, and liver failure, which increase their impact on the population. This review article describes the virological, epidemiological, clinical, and preventive aspects of these arboviruses, highlighting the importance of vaccination, vector control, and epidemiological surveillance as the main prevention strategies
Validation of the Time Management Behavior Questionnaire in Cuban University Students
Full text linkIntroduction: The Time Management Behavior Questionnaire (TMBQ) assessed behaviors related to time management and had not been adapted for the Cuban context. The objective of this research was to validate the Cuban version of the TMBQ in university students.Methods: A technological assessment study was conducted using quantitative techniques. The reliability of the instrument was determined using Cronbach\u27s alpha coefficient, and exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed to assess the construct validity of the instrument.Results: A total of 131 university students participated. A global Cronbach\u27s alpha coefficient of 0.853 was reported. The exploratory factor analysis partially reproduced the original structure (KMO = 0.730, Bartlett\u27s test X2(1379) = 528, p < 0.001). The confirmatory factor analysis corroborated the consistency of the factors.Conclusions: The adapted TMBQ questionnaire has adequate psychometric properties of reliability and construct validity, indicating that it can be used to measure how university students manage their time.
Prevalence of Pneumonia in children under 2 years of age in the Public Hospital of Paraguay, during October 2023 to January 2024
Full text linkIntroduction: Pneumonia is an acute condition that causes inflammation in the lungs, affecting the alveoli. It requires adequate attention, since factors such as viral or bacterial load, living conditions, diet and maternal care can increase children\u27s predisposition to develop it. Pneumonia can cause severe lung damage and, in extreme cases, be fatal.Objectives: Determine the prevalence of pneumonia in children under 2 years of age at the Loma Pyta maternal and child hospital during the months of October 2023 to January 2024. Materials and methods: Observational descriptive cross-sectional, retrospective. Accessible population: breastfeeding patients who attend the Loma Pyta Maternal and Child Hospital, from October 2023 to January 2024. Results and discussion: The prevalence was higher in females (61%) and in children from 16 to 19 months of age (36%). The majority of patients came from the urban area (60%), related to the proximity At the healthcare center, the most frequent signs and symptoms were fever (100%), cough (93.9%), irritability (80.8%) and dyspnea (78%). The most prevalent pathogen was Streptococcus pneumoniae (80%). .The predominant treatment was antibiotics. Limitations included: a small sample, lack of analysis of risk factors such as breastfeeding, smoking, daycare attendance, low weight or nutritional status.Conclusion: It was possible to determine the prevalence of pneumonia in children under 2 years of age from October 2023 to January 2024, identifying the sociodemographic and clinical data, describing the signs and symptoms of pneumonia and identifying the most frequent agent of pneumonia was streptococcus pneumoniae. , more studies are required to draw conclusions on the epidemiology of pediatric pneumonia
Impact of Telemedicine on Treatment Adherence in Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases: A Systematic Review
Full text linkCardiovascular diseases (CVD) are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Telemedicine has emerged as an effective tool to improve treatment adherence, facilitate access to medical care, and enable continuous patient monitoring. This review analyzes various telemedicine interventions, such as remote monitoring, mobile applications, and video consultations, which have shown to reduce blood pressure, lower hospitalization rates, and improve quality of life. However, challenges remain regarding technological access and healthcare staff training, particularly in rural areas. Inclusive public policies and strengthened technological infrastructure are recommended to maximize the impact of telemedicine
Ramsay Hunt Syndrome in a Pediatric Patient with Atypical Presentation: Case Report
Full text linkThe case of a preschooler with Ramsay Hunt Syndrome (RHS) is reported, an infrequent pediatric neurological condition caused by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, whose atypical manifestation represented a diagnostic challenge. The patient, a 3-year and 4-month-old male, presented with vesicular lesions on the forehead and periorbital region, without the classic auricular rash, which led to a delayed diagnosis. Once RHS with bacterial superinfection was confirmed, acyclovir, prednisone, and antibiotics were administered, achieving a favorable evolution. The atypical presentation highlights the diagnostic challenges in children and the risk of delayed management. Therefore, it is crucial to maintain a high index of suspicion for RHS in pediatrics, even with unusual presentations, to ensure early treatment and prevent severe long-term complications
Evaluation of job satisfaction in nursing staff of the Dr. Gustavo Domínguez General Hospital, Ecuador
Full text linkIntroduction: personal satisfaction is related to how people see their work, as well as their attitudes towards it. This entity depends on internal and external factors to the worker. Nursing staff, due to the characteristics of the profession, find themselves in many situations. sometimes subjected to situations that cause dissatisfaction with their work environment. This study was conducted with the aim of evaluating job satisfaction in nursing workers.Methods: a descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study was conducted on 73 nurses from the Dr. Gustavo Dominguez Hospital, Ecuador. A survey was applied using a Google Forms form, consisting of 23 questions structured into the following factors: supervision exercised by their superiors; the physical work environment; material benefits; intrinsic to the work; remuneration, basic benefits, and interpersonal relationships.Results: males predominated (46.7%), 39.7% were “very dissatisfied” with personal relationships with supervisors, 42.5% were “quite dissatisfied with the physical environment”, only 4.1% were “very satisfied” with salary and career advancement opportunities, and 28.8% rated intrinsic job satisfaction as “quite dissatisfied”.Conclusions: The presence of job dissatisfaction was identified in more than half of the nursing staff surveyed, with a higher negative assessment of the physical environment and intrinsic satisfaction. The above findings could be interpreted as an indicator of poor functioning and management of services in the institution
Knowledge level of preeclampsia in pregnant women, province of Santo Domingo, Ecuador
Full text linkIntroduction: Preeclampsia is a health problem that is among the main causes of maternal death and prematurity. It has an unknown etiology and is multifactorial in nature. This research was conducted with the aim of identifying the level of knowledge about preeclampsia in pregnant women.Methods: A descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study was conducted in 61 pregnant women treated in 2 health institutions in Santo Domingo, Ecuador, selected in a non-randomized manner. A survey was applied consisting of 26 dichotomous questions with yes or no answers, classified by definition (3 questions), signs and symptoms (7 questions), risk factors (9 questions) and prenatal care (7 questions). The level of knowledge was classified as high (greater than 20), medium (16 to 20) and low (less than 16 points).Results: 54,1 % had a high school education as their highest academic level, 37,7 % reported having had 2 pregnancies, 65,6 % had at least one abortion. Regarding the level of knowledge; 31,2 % obtained an average level in signs and symptoms of preeclampsia, 31,1 % presented a high level on risk factors for preeclampsia, 11,5 % of the patients belonging to the San Agusto Egas Health Center had a low level; 62,3 % obtained a high level and 37,7 % an average level on prenatal care.Conclusions: A medium level of knowledge about preeclampsia was found among the pregnant women surveyed, highlighting the area of prenatal care, where no participant was classified as having low knowledge.
Morbidity at discharge in the Urology Department of the Peltier University Hospital Center in Djibouti
Full text linkIntroduction: Morbidity at discharge after admission for urological diseases has been scarcely described in the literature. Methodology: A quantitative, observational, descriptive, longitudinal study was conducted at the Peltier University Hospital Center in Djibouti, from January to July 2024. The population was 131 patients hospitalized in the urology service and the sample was 129 discharged patients. Objective: to describe morbidity at discharge from the Urology service. Results: The largest number of patients admitted were patients diagnosed with prostatic hypertrophy and hydronephrosis. Adenomectomy and minimal access surgeries were performed relatively frequently and the predominant complication was infection of the surgical wound. Conclusions: The patients who were admitted and treated had diagnoses that reveal the impact of sociodemographic factors on the population of Djibouti, advanced age and desert climate