SAP Dentistry (Journal)
Not a member yet
68 research outputs found
Sort by
Behavior of deforming oral habits in children from 5 to 12 years of age in a primary school
No full textIntroduction: oral habits are an undoubted primary or secondary cause of malocclusions or dentomaxillofacial deformations. Objective: to determine the behavior of deforming oral habits in children from 5 to 12 years of age, from the “Isidro de Armas” primary school in the Pinar del Río municipality. Methods: an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional research was carried out. The universe was 85 children, the sample determined from a non-random sampling, stratified by age, was made up of 65 children from the “Isidro de Armas” primary school in Pinar del Río, in the period september-november 2022. The results obtained were recorded in a database of the STATISTIC statistical system. From the inferential statistical point of view, the Chi square test in its contingency table variant and the hypothesis test were used to compare proportions corresponding to mutually exclusive categories. Results: the age group 9-10 years old predominated with 21 children (32, 3 %) and the female sex 39 children (60 %). There were no highly significant differences in relation to age groups, but there were differences in relation to sex. Finger sucking predominated in 20 children for 60, 6 %, followed by atypical swallowing in 18 (54, 5 %), mouth breathing in 14 (42, 4 %) and bottle sucking in 10 children. A significant predominance of children who have malocclusions due to practicing one or more deforming oral habits (55, 4 %) was found compared to the percentage of those who have malocclusions despite not having deforming oral habits (13 %). Conclusions: prevention plays a fundamental role in avoiding malocclusions, having a prophylactic objective
Biosafety in Dentistry: A Comprehensive Approach to Workplace Accidents
No full textClinical dental practice presented a high risk of occupational accidents, especially sharps injuries, which exposed health care workers to contact with pathogens transmitted by contaminated blood and body fluids. These incidents, associated with sharps handling, frequently occurred due to factors such as inattention, stress and patient movement. Hollow needles were identified as the main cause of percutaneous injuries, accounting for 56% of cases. Globally, health care workers reported infection prevalence rates 3-5 times higher than the general population. Against this background, universal biosecurity measures were highlighted as key tools to reduce the risks of disease transmission. These included barrier techniques, proper handling of contaminated waste and accident response protocols, ranging from immediate wound cleaning to administration of post-exposure prophylaxis within 2 hours of the incident. Studies indicated that a high proportion of accidents went unreported and that more than half of the professionals were unaware of biosafety protocols. This picture highlighted the urgent need for continuing education and supervision in the clinical setting, especially for students, who faced greater challenges due to their inexperience and constant exposure. Compliance with biosafety standards was crucial to minimise risks and ensure a safe working environment
Relationship between bruxism and saliva quality
No full textThe article addressed the importance of the study of childhood bruxism, highlighting its impact on quality of life and oral health. Although most research on this dysfunction has focused on adults, studies in children have been limited, especially in relation to non-carious lesions such as attrition, erosion and abfraction. In this growing population, significant long-term risks were identified, such as temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction, ankylosis, and mandibular growth disturbances.The research presented a prospective longitudinal design with a rigorous protocol that included inclusion and exclusion criteria. This approach allowed the analysis of risk factors and early diagnosis. The methodologies employed included the use of Dr. Wilma A. Simoes\u27 protocol, salivary pH measurement and microbiological studies to identify Candida spp. Also, treatment with Simoes Network (SN) appliances was implemented in patients with bruxism as well as in the control group.It was concluded that bruxism in children requires an interdisciplinary approach combining functional, microbiological and methodological analyses. In addition, it was shown that the adhesion of Candida spp to orthopedic appliances, especially C. albicans, underlines the need for rigorous hygiene protocols. The method of localization of elements in orthopedic devices, developed by Medizza and Simoes, stood out for optimizing diagnostic and therapeutic accuracy, improving clinical results in less time
Medical Emergencies in the Dental Office: Challenges and Solutions
No full textIntroduction: Medical emergencies, although infrequent, represent a challenge in the dental setting due to their potential risk to the patient\u27s life and the need for an immediate response. In Latin America, the aging population and associated comorbidities, such as hypertension and diabetes, increased the probability of these events in dental offices. Anamnesis and professional preparation were essential to identify risks and prevent complications during dental procedures.Development:The management of medical emergencies in dentistry focused on two key aspects: prevention and intervention. Prevention included the collection of a detailed medical history and constant monitoring of vital signs. On the other hand, immediate intervention, based on protocols such as Basic Life Support (BLS), was essential to avoid serious complications. The most frequent emergencies included syncope, hypoglycemia, seizures and hypertensive crises. The studies underlined the importance of continuous training of dental personnel and the availability of emergency kits, especially in rural areas.Conclusion: Effective management of medical emergencies in dentistry depended on the theoretical and practical training of dentists, as well as the implementation of standardized protocols. The availability of adequate equipment and medications in dental offices significantly improved outcomes. This comprehensive approach ensured a safe environment, minimized risks and strengthened confidence in the dental care system
Oral leukoplakia on a middle rhomboidal glossitis. Presentation of a clinical case
No full textIntroduction: premalignant lesions may appear in the oral cavity, to which we must be alert, to facilitate the early diagnosis of oral cancer. Leukoplakia is a white, premalignant lesion that does not come off when scraped and cannot be classified as another disease. Objective: to present a case of homogeneous oral leukoplakia on a middle rhomboidal glossitis. Case presentation: a 49-year-old patient is presented, with a health history, who attended a dental consultation for periodic check-ups, in whom a whitish lesion was detected on the dorsal surface of the tongue. During the interrogation, the patient\u27s oral habit was: cheilophagia and a history of burn trauma in the referred area. Once referred to the Maxillofacial Surgery service, the lesion was excised and biopsied, corresponding to homogeneous leukoplakia. Medial rhomboid glossitis and a history of burn trauma are assumed to be risk factors. Conclusions: the evolution was favorable for one year. Early diagnosis and consequent treatment were possible, contributing to the early detection and prevention of a cancerous lesion.
Impact of bruxism in children: from occlusion to salivary quality
No full textIntroduction: Bruxism was identified as a parafunctional activity capable of generating non-physiological wear facets and associated with non-carious lesions such as attrition, abrasion and abfraction. In children, this condition presented unique characteristics due to its high capacity for tissue regeneration and physiological adaptation, which generally caused asymptomatic pictures. Therefore, early diagnosis was based on the identification of occlusal imprints and their relationship with the stomatognathic system.Development: Several authors emphasized the importance of occlusal imprints as a diagnostic tool to differentiate between normal function and parafunction. It was pointed out that factors such as biotype, neuromuscular activity and individual adaptability influenced alterations of the masticatory system, including temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction. In addition, the relationship between bruxism and saliva quality was critical, as the latter, regulated by the autonomic nervous system, played a protective and facilitating role in balancing the oral microenvironment. The variable composition of saliva and its influence on microbial growth, including bacteria and fungi such as Candida spp. was highlighted.Conclusion: The diagnosis of bruxism required a multidisciplinary approach integrating knowledge of oral neurophysiology, jaw biomechanics and salivary composition. This approach allowed the development of more effective preventive and therapeutic strategies, ensuring a better quality of life for pediatric patients. The findings reinforced the need for a detailed analysis of the factors involved in this pathology in order to implement comprehensive solutions
Medical emergency at the dental office
No full textAlthough medical emergencies in the dental office are rare, they can pose significant risks to patients\u27 lives. The present work was designed in order to provide a prevention protocol, early diagnosis and initial interventions to guarantee patient safety and minimize serious adverse events. For this purpose, a qualitative, descriptive and exploratory approach was used, carried out through bibliographic analysis of primary sources related to the topic. The results identified the inadequacies of the theoretical and practical training of dentists to address medical emergencies. In particular, the authors note that professionals in the field lack skills in cardiopulmonary resuscitation and basic life support. Additionally, not all offices have the equipment or medications necessary to provide first aid. For example, most dentists today do not have defibrillators or emergency medications in their offices. Under these conditions, it would be appropriate to propose a formal protocol that includes preventive measures, risk identification, continuous training and provision of resources. Therefore, it can be assumed that the regular use of the proposed programs, together with other measures for practical training, will improve the response capacity of professionals to emergencies and reduce the morbidity of incidents. Before concluding, it is necessary to point out the need for future research related to the evaluation of training programs and the requested economic analyzes to ensure that the proposed interventions are sustainable
Sistémica view of periodontal diseases
No full textPeriodontal diseases, commonly known as gum disease, are serious bacterial infections that generally destroy the protective and supporting tissues of the teeth. They generally begin with gingivitis, which is a chronic inflammation of the gums and in some cases it can evolve into periodontitis, which destroys the bone and tissues that support the tooth and later to advanced periodontitis, which causes rapid loss of teeth. dental organs. Gingival conditions affect more than three-quarters of the population, which is why work is currently being done globally to prevent these conditions, as they are widespread, although widely preventable, diseases. 21 bibliographies on the topic were consulted. Documentary and historical-logical analysis methods were used, as well as the analytical-synthetic method. The objective was to describe periodontal diseases and the importance of preventive work in the appearance of these ailments. Periodontal diseases can be prevented and treated if action is taken promptly and appropriately. It is necessary to promote the prevention, treatment and control of diseases in their initial phases; define the role and responsibilities of oral health professionals, particularly periodontologists and stomatologists, as well as other health care professional