Federal University of Kashere Journals
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Elites Strategies of Political Manipulation: The Nigerian Case
Full text linkThis paper explains the nexus between elites and political manipulation in the act of politicking. The study was expository in nature. It explored how the Nigerian elites employ various strategies that include linguistic strategy, character assassination, astroturfing and black boxing to manipulate the masses/ the political system for their interest. These strategies employed by the elites in the political space are usually perpetrated through the use of mass media/social media, campaigns, rallies, public speeches, government agencies and decision making process, among other medium to attract support for political gain. The choice of words and actions of political elites in Nigeria has exposed the fragile nature of the Nigerian political system. As such, the politics of hatred and bitterness does not only create enmity amongst the elites but also create tension, hatred and crisis amongst the masses. The implication is that, national unity and cohesion is being threatened
The Effects of Containment Measures as Counter Banditry Activities on Igabi Local Government Area of Kaduna State
Full text linkBanditry is a serious security threat that has distorted the security architecture of Igabi Local Government Area of Kaduna State, it caused the loss of lives and properties. Many measures taken to tackle banditry activities proved abortive, leading to the introduction of Containment Measures as an alternative approach. This paper is, therefore, aimed at assessing the Effects Containment Measures have in counter banditry activities as well as the effects caused to the people of Igabi L.G.A. The study used quantitative method of gathering data where total of 100 questionnaires were administered, out of which 89 were retrieved. The research also used secondary source of data gathering such as textbooks, journals, online publications etc. and random sampling method was carried out in administering the questionnaires. The data gathered was analyzed into simple frequency distribution tables. The paper employed Frustration Aggression Theory as its theoretical framework. The findings of the paper revealed that containment measures have played an important role in counter-banditry activities in Igabi L.G.A, because many bandits were neutralized and weapons were intercepted. However, the measures have caused significant levels of socio-economic hardships to the people of Igabi L.G.A. The research recommended that, banditry can be mitigated by providing superior technologies among others while the effects of Containment Measures caused to the people of Igabi L.G.A. can be minimized through provision of alterative employment, grant and softloan and alternative public transport vehicles etc
Effectiveness of ECOWAS in Countering Coups in West Africa: A Case Study of Niger Republic
Full text linkThis paper examines the effectiveness of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) in deterring and responding to coups d'état, focusing on the 2023 military takeover in Niger Republic. It analyses both the strengths and weaknesses of ECOWAS's response to the coup while proposing key areas for improvement in the organisation's efforts to promote regional democratic stability. Employing a liberalist theoretical framework and utilising secondary data sources, the study finds that ECOWAS’ sanctions on Niger Republic established a regional precedent, influencing actions by the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) and sending a message of deterrence. However, inconsistencies in applying sanctions hampered its effectiveness in restoring President Bazoum to power. Additionally, ECOWAS faced challenges in securing unanimous support for military intervention. These weaknesses significantly hampered ECOWAS' ability to achieve its goals in Niger Republic. To strengthen its response to coups, the paper recommends that ECOWAS must ensure uniform and robust enforcement of sanctions and other measures against all coup perpetrators in the region. It further recommends prioritising preventive diplomacy by proactively identifying and addressing potential conflicts before they erupt into coups, promoting economic development by supporting initiatives that tackle poverty and create opportunities, reducing the appeal of military intervention, and collaborating with member states to strengthen democratic institutions, transparency, and accountability. By implementing these multi-pronged approaches, ECOWAS can become a more effective force for lasting stability and democracy in West Afric
Redistributive Policy: A Panacea for Tertiary Education Reform in Nigeria
Full text linkThe Tertiary Education in Nigeria has faced a lot of challenges over the years, ranging from poor funding, weak infrastructure and the perennial cum incessant ASUU strike. Since 1960 till date, there has been low allocation to the sector as government is allowed to fund education as enshrined in the constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. The authors look at possible ways to seek alternative funding to tertiary education, to enable the ivory towers lived up to their expectations. It was argued that based on current global reality of paucity of funds, government alone can’t fund tertiary education without intervention of wealthy citizens. This postulation is birth out of the necessity to expunged strikes out of the system and brings willing partners in to reduce the burden on government. The paper relied on Secondary source of data collection which focused on sourcing information from library, internet, books, and journals. The article made use of systems theory as theoretical framework to explain how education if properly funded by government and stakeholders would lead to progress and advancement in tertiary sector. It was recommended that, unity of purpose, oneness and collective intervention through redistribution will bring lasting lights in the sector completely
Crude Oil Pipeline Vandalism and its Effects on Crude-Oil Terminals Operations in Nigeria: A Study of Bonny Crude Oil Terminal Operations
Full text linkThe Nigerian Oil sector being the major source of revenue to the nation has over the years suffered series of challenges as a result of frequent pipeline vandalism by thieves, thereby affected the volume of quantity of crude oil exploration. This paper examines the menace of crude oil vandalism in one of the major crude oil terminals in Nigeria, the Bonny Terminal. It adopts a qualitative methodology through the use of both primary and secondary sources of data collection. Primary data were generated through Key Informant Interview (KII) and secondary data were utilized through books, journals, articles, conferences papers, government documents, among others. It also uses frustration–aggression theory to analyze reasons for people of the area engaging in these criminal acts. The findings reveal that, there is significant relationship between the pipeline vandalism and effective functioning of bonny terminal. Equally, part of the modes of operation by the vandals is the use of equipment to puncture the pipelines. They have experts who are engineers that use a hose to link the oil from underground. They cover it so that it will not be detected, and then connect the hose to a far place where the refining takes place. They also have a big boat that is solely used for transporting oil to its selling destination, among other modus operandi. Consequently, it is recommended that, a robust community policing should be established with local residents in maintaining safety of pipelines which would complement the patrol-works of the security agencies and oil companie
The Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction: The Iran Nuclear Deal
Full text linkThe proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMDs) poses a significant threat to global peace and security, making it a critical area of focus in international relations. Employing theoretical framework and empirical review methods, this paper used Liberal Institutionalism (LI) and reviewed more than twelve (12) studies to examine four key objectives. The paper examined the role of international relations in curbing WMD proliferation, with a specific focus on the Iran Nuclear Deal, officially known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA). The study also explored the multilateral negotiations that led to the JCPOA, emphasizing the intersection of diplomacy, power dynamics, and global governance in addressing WMD threats. It analyzed the successes and challenges of the agreement, of the JCPOA, with a particular focus on the consequences of the United States’ withdrawal under the Trump administration, which destabilized the agreement and reignited proliferation risks. Finally, the study underscored the importance of sustained international cooperation, robust institutional frameworks, and the delicate balance of incentives and enforcement in managing WMD proliferation. The findings contributed to the discourse on how international relations effectively address the proliferation of WMDs, providing lessons for future engagements in arms control and disarmament. It concluded by offering policy recommendations for strengthening global non-proliferation efforts, emphasizing the role of multilateral diplomacy, adaptive agreements, and the need to rebuild confidence among stakeholders
Effect of Conventional Agriculture Financing on Development of Small-Scale Farming in Nigeria
Full text linkThis study explores the impact of conventional agriculture financing on the development of small-scale farming in Nigeria. Conventional financing, primarily through commercial banks, microfinance institutions, and government-backed credit schemes, plays a critical role in supporting agricultural productivity. However, small-scale farmers often face barriers such as limited access to credit, high interest rates, and stringent collateral requirements, which undermine their ability to fully benefit from these financial services. The overview highlights how these challenges affect farm output, technology adoption, and overall livelihood improvement among smallholder farmers. Additionally, it examines the effectiveness of existing financing models and policies in bridging the funding gap. By synthesizing recent studies, policy reports, and field data, the paper identifies gaps in current financing structures and proposes strategies for more inclusive and sustainable financial interventions. Ultimately, the study underscores the need for a more flexible, accessible, and farmer-friendly financing framework to enhance the productivity and resilience of small-scale agriculture in Nigeria
Multiple Micronutrient Supplementation Coverage among Under-two Children in Nafada Local Government Area, Gombe State
Full text linkMicronutrient deficiencies remain a significant public health challenge among under-two children in northern Nigeria, contributing to poor growth and developmental outcomes. This study assessed the coverage of multiple micronutrient powder (MNP) supplementation among children under two years in Nafada Local Government Area (LGA), Gombe State—one of three LGAs selected for the Accelerating Nutrition Results in Nigeria (ANRiN) intervention due to its high burden of malnutrition. Utilizing secondary data from the LGA's Health Department Monitoring and Evaluation Unit, we conducted a descriptive analysis of MNP coverage across ten wards. The projected under-two population was estimated at 8% of each ward's total population. This projection was compared with the actual number of children who received MNP during the 2024 intervention period to determine coverage rates. Findings revealed alarmingly low overall MNP coverage (19.4%), with significant disparities between wards—ranging from 0.6% in Birnin Fulani West to 74.7% in Birin Bolawa. Data visualization highlighted stark inequities in program implementation, with remote wards showing particularly poor uptake. The results align with existing evidence on challenges in rural nutrition interventions and underscore systemic barriers in equitable health service delivery. This study emphasizes the urgent need for targeted strategies to improve MNP distribution, particularly in hard-to-reach areas, to effectively address micronutrient deficiencies among vulnerable under-two children in northern Nigeria
Human Capital Flight: A Woe to Nigeria’s Economic Development
Full text linkGlobally, it remains an indisputable fact that, country's future is mostly dependent on its human resources both educated and talented citizens; they are the country's greatest asset and should be cherished above all other endowed resources, including oil, agriculture and all other natural resources. Nigeria is a good example, blessed with both human and material resources. It is indisputable that, development of a country hinges largely on the quality of human resources and not just presence of natural resources. The plague of Nigerian migration to industrialized countries, which has resulted in brain drain in many facets of our national life, makes this issue even more difficult to handle the extent of the specialists' migration. The magnitude of skilled and knowledgeable people leaving Nigeria poses a threat to the country's overall progress and development. This study therefore demonstrates that when there is a significant degree of expert migration from Nigeria, national progress and development cannot be realized. The causes of this widespread Nigerian migration based on corruption, has resulted in a rise in unemployment and a harsh economic situation which result in difficult livelihood situation. The study also shows how migration affects all facets of the political system. The study concludes that if the increasing tendency of competent Nigerians migrating abroad is not addressed, Nigeria’s progress and development will not be attainable
Strategic Deployment of Drone in Combating Insecurity in Africa
Full text linkInsecuity remains one of the most pressing challenges facing Africa, with persistent threats from terrorism, insurgency, banditry, and transnational organized crime. In response, many African states are increasingly turning to advanced technologies, particularly drones, as part of a strategic shift in security operations. This paper examines the strategic deployment of drones in combating insecurity across the continent, highlighting their roles in surveillance, reconnaissance, target acquisition, and tactical operations. Drawing on examples from Nigeria, Somalia, and the Sahel region, the study assesses how drones have improved intelligence gathering, enhanced operational precision, and minimized risks to military personnel. Despite these advantages, the deployment of drones is constrained by issues such as high procurement costs, limited technical capacity, inadequate legal frameworks, and ethical concerns surrounding civilian oversight and data privacy. The paper argues that while drones are not a standalone solution, their integration into national and regional security strategies alongside traditional forces and community-based initiatives can significantly enhance the effectiveness of security interventions. It concludes by recommending increased investment in local drone technology, capacity building, and regional collaboration to ensure sustainable and accountable use of drones in promoting peace and stability in Africa