Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology
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DMT 3L4W: A 3-Lane 4-Wire Signaling With Discrete Multitone Modulation for High-Speed Wireline Chip-to-Chip Interconnects
No full textThis work presents a multi-lane transceiver (TRX) architecture with discrete multitone (DMT) modulation for pin-efficient high-bandwidth chip-to-chip wireline communication. The proposed signaling uses 4 wires to transmit 3 lanes of DMT-modulated symbols in parallel including one lane for signal encoding and decoding for the correlated noise cancellation. Compared to the pin-efficiency of 0.5 in differential signaling, the proposed signaling offers a pin-efficiency of 0.75 allowing each TRX lane to operate at a lower speed given a fixed data throughput or to increase the per-pin data rate with the same or even lower per-lane data rate to differential signaling. While each single-ended lane includes random noise, the receiver (RX) can effectively eliminate most of the correlated noise with simple arithmetic in the digital domain. Higher pin efficiency can be achieved with more single-ended data lanes per redundancy lane depending on the link specifications such as raw bit-error-rate (BER), and voltage-domain dynamic range of the transmitter's driver and the receiver. Simulation results show that 28.5 % of throughput gain can be achieved with 3-lane 4-wire configuration given the same channel, analog front-end circuits, and noise condition to multi-lane differential DMT TRXs
Sensing the invisible: Ultra-low-level electrochemical detection of the microbe (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) on cobalt ferrite-doped silver nanocomposite (CoFe2O4/AgNPs) surfaces
No full textThis study introduces an efficient electrochemical method for rapidly identifying the pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), which poses threats to individuals with compromised immune systems and cystic fibrosis. Unlike conventional techniques such as polymerase chain reaction, which fails to detect modifications in the resistant properties of microbes due to environmental stress, our proposed electrochemical approach offers a promising alternative. The characterisation analyses, involving microscopic and spectroscopic methods, reveal that the nanocomposite exhibits a crystalline structure, specific atomic vibrational patterns, a cubic surface shape, and distinct elemental compositions. This sensor demonstrates exceptional detection capabilities for P. aeruginosa, with a linear range of 1–23 CFU mL−1 and a low detection limit of 4.0 × 10−3 CFU mL−1. This research not only explores novel electrochemical techniques and the CoFe2O4/AgNPs nanocomposite but also their practical implications in food science, highlighting their relevance across various food samples, water, and soil. © 2023 Elsevier LtdFALSEsciescopu
Understanding Solvent-Induced Delamination and Intense Water Adsorption in Janus Transition Metal Dichalcogenides for Enhanced Device Performance
No full textRecently, there has been considerable interest in 2D Janus transition metal dichalcogenides owing to their unique structure that exhibits broken mirror symmetry along the out-of-plane direction, which offers fascinating properties that are applicable in various fields. This study investigates the issue of process instability in Janus MoSSe, which is mainly caused by its nonzero net dipole moments. It systematically investigates whether the built-in dipole moments in Janus MoSSe make it susceptible to delamination by most polar solvents and increase its vulnerability to intense moisture adsorption, which leads to the deterioration of its semiconducting properties. To address these issues, as an example of device applications, field-effect transistors (FETs) based on a van der Waals heterostructure are devised, where the bottom h-BN (top h-BN) insulating material is employed to prevent delamination (adsorption of moisture). The fabricated FETs exhibit improved electron mobility and excellent stability under ambient conditions. © 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH.FALSEsciescopu
Outer-Loop Admittance and Motion Control Dual Improvement via a Multi-Function Observer
No full textSafe environment contact, and high-performance motion control are typically conflicting design goals. Admittance control can improve safety and stability in contact with a stiff environment but remains challenging on industrial robots. Typically, high-performance motion control is achieved by low-admittance systems, which can give high transient forces or instability in contact with high-stiffness environments. This article proposes a linear admittance control framework from which a multifunction observer (MOB)-based control scheme that succeeds in directly improving the motion control accuracy by suppressing disturbances, while achieving better loop shaping in the outer-loop admittance control is designed. By using the task space force and position measurement of the robot, combined with linearized position-controlled robot and payload models to design the MOB, the outer-loop controller can render improved interactive dynamics. In addition, a methodology to design the proposed MOB based on the reduced-order model is developed. Furthermore, the bounded-magnitude frequency-domain uncertainty in the linear model is identified at a variety of robot poses. Theoretical evaluations and experiments verify the effectiveness of the proposed MOB-based control method, in contact with a very stiff environment and with a 7-kg payload.TRUEsciescopu
GPUTucker: Large-Scale GPU-Based Tucker Decomposition Using Tensor Partitioning
No full textTucker decomposition is used extensively for modeling multi-dimensional data represented as tensors. Owing to the increasing magnitude of nonzero values in real-world tensors, a growing demand has emerged for expeditious and scalable Tucker decomposition techniques. Several graphics processing unit (GPU)-accelerated techniques have been proposed for Tucker decomposition to decrease the decomposition speed. However, these approaches often encounter difficulties in handling extensive tensors owing to their huge memory demands, which exceed the available capacity of GPU memory. This study presents an expandable GPU-based technique for Tucker decomposition called GPUTucker. The proposed method meticulously partitions sizable tensors into smaller sub-tensors, which are referred to as tensor blocks, and effectively implements the GPU-based data pipeline by handling these tensor blocks asynchronously. Extensive experiments demonstrate that GPUTucker outperforms state-of-the-art Tucker decomposition methods in terms of the decomposition speed and scalability. © 2023 Elsevier LtdFALS
A Study on the Generality of Neural Network Structures for Monocular Depth Estimation
No full textMonocular depth estimation has been widely studied, and significant improvements in performance have been recently reported. However, most previous works are evaluated on a few benchmark datasets, such as KITTI datasets, and none of the works provide an in-depth analysis of the generalization performance of monocular depth estimation. In this paper, we deeply investigate the various backbone networks (e.g. CNN and Transformer models) toward the generalization of monocular depth estimation. First, we evaluate state-of-the-art models on both in-distribution and out-of-distribution datasets, which have never been seen during network training. Then, we investigate the internal properties of the representations from the intermediate layers of CNN-/Transformer-based models using synthetic texture-shifted datasets. Through extensive experiments, we observe that the Transformers exhibit a strong shape-bias rather than CNNs, which have a strong texture-bias. We also discover that texture-biased models exhibit worse generalization performance for monocular depth estimation than shape-biased models. We demonstrate that similar aspects are observed in real-world driving datasets captured under diverse environments. Lastly, we conduct a dense ablation study with various backbone networks which are utilized in modern strategies. The experiments demonstrate that the intrinsic locality of the CNNs and the self-attention of the Transformers induce texture-bias and shape-bias, respectively. IEEEFALSEsciescopu
METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING OPTICAL ELEMENT BASE ON ATOMIC LAYER DEPOSITION
No full text본 발명은 원자층 증착법에 기반하는 광학 소자의 제조방법에 관한 것으로, 일실시예에 따른 광학 소자의 제조방법은 기설정된 갭(gap)을 두고 서로 이격된 복수의 도파관(waveguide)이 형성된 기판을 챔버로 로딩하는 단계 및 원자층 증착법을 통해 복수의 도파관 각각에 금속 산화물을 증착하는 단계를 포함한다
Alantolactone Attenuates Renal Fibrosis via Inhibition of Transforming Growth Factor β/Smad3 Signaling Pathway
No full textBackground: Renal fibrosis is characterized by the accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins and interstitial fibrosis. Alantolactone is known to exert anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antifungal effects; however, its effects on renal fibrosis remains unknown. Here, we investigated whether alantolactone attenuates renal fibrosis in mice unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and evaluated the effect of alantolactone on transforming growth factor (TGF) signaling pathway in renal cells
Methods: To evaluate the therapeutic effect of alantolactone, cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, histological staining, Western blot analysis, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction were performed in UUO kidneys in vivo and in TGF-β-treated renal cells in vitro.
Results: Alantolactone (0.25 to 4 µM) did not affect the viability of renal cells. Mice orally administered 5 mg/kg of alantolactone daily for 15 days did not show mortality or liver toxicity. Alantolactone decreased UUO-induced blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels. In addition, it significantly alleviated renal tubulointerstitial damage and fibrosis and decreased collagen type I, fibronectin, and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression in UUO kidneys. In NRK-49F cells, alantolactone inhibited TGF-βstimulated expression of fibronectin, collagen type I, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and α-SMA. In HK-2 cells, alantolactone inhibited TGF-β-stimulated expression of collagen type I and PAI-1. Alantolactone inhibited UUO-induced phosphorylation of Smad3 in UUO kidneys. In addition, it not only decreased TGF-β secretion but also Smad3 phosphorylation and translocation to nucleus in both kidney cell lines.
Conclusion: Alantolactone improves renal fibrosis by inhibiting the TGF-β/Smad3 signaling pathway in obstructive nephropathy. Thus, alantolactone is a potential therapeutic agent for chronic kidney disease. © 2024 Korean Diabetes AssociationTRU
A road map for the treatment of pediatric diffuse midline glioma
No full textRecent clinical trials for H3K27-altered diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs) have shown much promise. We present a consensus roadmap and identify three major barriers: (1) refinement of experimental models to include immune and brain-specific components; (2) collaboration among researchers, clinicians, and industry to integrate patient-derived data through sharing, transparency, and regulatory considerations; and (3) streamlining clinical efforts including biopsy, CNS-drug delivery, endpoint determination, and response monitoring. We highlight the importance of comprehensive collaboration to advance the understanding, diagnostics, and therapeutics for DMGs. © 2023 Elsevier Inc.FALS