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Grafting Through Styrene Polymerization on Electrospun Gelatin Nanofibers by Photopolymerization Type II
Full text linkDuring the past few decades, to create new materials for novel uses, the development of numerous hybrid materials has been the subject of much investigation. In this study, photopolymerization type II was used to create a hybrid material made of gelatin and polystyrene. For this purpose, firstly gelatin nanofiber (GNF) was synthesized by the electrospinning process. Then, by adding styrene monomer on the gelatin nanofiber, it was bonded to the gelatin nanofiber simultaneously with styrene polymerization by the photopolymerization type II. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy was used to characterize the chemical structure. Thermal degradations were investigated with thermogravimetric analysis. The surface morphologies were searched with Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and wettability properties were investigated
Exploring Initial Items for a Parental Self-Assessment Tool in Detecting Children's Vision Problems
Full text linkThe prevalence of undetected vision problems among children is steadily increasing, mainly due to low knowledge among parents and limited access to vision screening, resulting in hesitancy to seek professional eye care services for their children. The primary objective of our study was to identify the initial items for constructing a self-assessment tool that empowers parents to detect potential vision issues in their children. We conducted an extensive literature review on visual symptoms of vision problems using online search engines to compile a pool of items, refining them to include only those mentioned at least three times in the literature. Additionally, we gathered professional insights from interviews with paediatric eye care specialists. The items from both sources were carefully compared, and those aligning were selected as the final items. The literature review yielded 46 raw items, which were further refined into a robust set of 13 items mentioned in at least three literatures. The interviews contributed 20 items, which were analysed using Atlas.ti software. Combining both sources resulted in a comprehensive set of 26 items organised into six domains. The final items for the self-assessment tool will undergo validation in future studies. This tool aims to assist parents in screening their children's vision, concurrently reducing the incidence of undetected vision problems among children. 
Linking National Culture to the Performance Effect of Entrepreneurial Orientation
Full text linkPrior research suggests that entrepreneurial orientation of firms is a key ingredient for organizationalsuccess. However, in this Industrial Revolution 4.0, national culture could be the distinguishing forcesthat can significantly affect the performance of both national and international organizations. Thepurpose of this paper is to propose a framework to assess the entrepreneurial orientation to firmperformance relationship and the potential influence of culture. Therefore, national culture can beexamined as a potential moderator of the entrepreneurial orientation to performance relationship. Thismoderating variable may explain some of the discrepancies in the direct performance effects ofentrepreneurial orientation in international context. Specifically, this paper attempts to describe what isthe state of entrepreneurial orientation in Malaysia; does entrepreneurial orientation influence thebusiness performance of firms in Malaysia; and, to what extent does national culture moderate the effectsof entrepreneurial orientations on the business performance of firms in Malaysia. A framework positingan association between the degree of entrepreneurial orientation and performance and an associationbetween national culture and the degree of entrepreneurial orientation is proposed. 
The Decision Behavior and Influential Factors of Spectacle Prescription for Schoolchildren in Taiwan
No full textBackground:The prevalence of children myopia in Taiwan is among the highest in the world. The study aimed to understand the status of the final prescription of the spectacle prescribed by the Taiwan optometrists when they conducted the visual inspection of elementary school, middle school and high school students, and to evaluate the influencing factors of their decision-making behavior.
Methods: Among the attendants of the continuing education course activities held by optometrist associations in Taiwan, an anonymous questionnaire survey was given on the spot to optometrists who have passed the national examination. This study received 442 questionnaire surveys, including 174 optometrists and 268 assistant optometrists. The data were analyzed by using chi-square test in IBM SPSS.
Results: There are statistically significant differences in the decision-making of spectacle prescription for myopia of -1.00D~-1.50D and -2.25D~-2.50D in the primary school stage between optometrists and assistant optometrists. There are also significant differences for myopia of -2.25D and above in the middle school students. By the time of high school, there are significant differences for myopia from -0.75D to -3.25D and above. The higher the grade, the greater the difference in the final prescription of the spectacles given. As for the judgment factors of the final prescription, only children among elementary school and junior high school show a statistically significant difference in professional judgment between optometrists and assistant optometrists. There is no significant difference in the judgment factors for high school children. Depending on the educational level of optometrists and assistant optometrists and their distribution area, the prescription decisions are also different.
Conclusions: The optometrists prefer to prescribe full correction for schoolchildren, while the assistant optometrists mostly prescribe under-correction in prescriptions for low-degree myopia and lower grades. Further investigation is needed to study its impact on children’s visual health.
 
Comparison of Anterior Eye Conditions between Contact Lens Users and Non-Contact Lens Users
Full text linkContact lenses are the invention of technological developments in the field of ophthalmology. Contact lenses were used to improve vision in the form of thin and clear plastic. The aims of this study were identified and compared the condition of anterior eye segments users and non-users of contact lenses students in Tasikmalay. A total of 58 students consisted of 24 female users and 24 non-contact lens users were involved in this study. The results showed that the conditions of superior and inferior eyelids for contact lens wearers were mostly in Grade 2 and non-contact lens wearers in Grade 0. Palpebra and bulb conjunctival conditions for contact lens wearers were mostly in Grade 2 and non-lens wearer contact at Grade 0; and corneal conditions in both groups were in Grade 0. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the condition of the anterior eye segment of non-contact lens wearers is better than contact lens wearers. The use of a slit lamp is highly recommended for further research data collection
Do Human Capital Factors Enhance Business Growth? A Study of Dhaka Metropolitan Area’s Young Entrepreneurs in Bangladesh
Full text linkHuman capital is seen as a critical resource in projecting the growth of any business initiative, particularlythe survival of young-owned businesses. Investigating the human capital capabilities of young-ownedcompanies has been a hot topic of conversation recently since young entrepreneurs confront distinctobstacles not faced by non-Middle-class entrepreneurs. This research aims to determine the effect ofhuman capital determinants on the business growth of young entrepreneurs in Bangladesh’s eastern area.The elements of human capital were business education, business experience, and business skills. Astructured questionnaire was utilised to gather data from 280 young entrepreneurs who are members oftheir district chambers of commerce in the Dhaka Metropolitan Area. A simple random selectiontechnique was employed to choose the technique frame. The data analysis technique used was StructuralEquation Modelling (SEM) using AMOS in SPSS 23.0. The structural model research revealed that businessexperience and business skills had a strong and positive link with the growth of young entrepreneurs inBangladesh. However, business education had no significant effect on their business success. Thissituation is prevalent among Bangladeshi middle-class families, particularly in the Dhaka MetropolitanArea, where most residents are urban. However, some can overcome this obstacle and reach theirbusiness activity. Young entrepreneurs, chambers of commerce, and decision-makers may utilise thisstudy’s findings as a template for gaining insights. They can use it to interpret the issues affecting thehuman capital of Bangladesh’s young entrepreneurs’ business growth
The Internationalization of SMEs: What Do Theories Say?
Full text linkSMEs are considered as the backbone of an economy and thus, internationalization of SMEs plays animportant role in this phenomenon. There are many internationalizations theories have been developedand those theories are still expanding by the scholars. This paper aims to overview the theories andperspectives of internationalization of SMEs. Further, this paper tries to reveal the concepts and theinterpretations of the internationalization concepts based on the theoretical literature review .Thekeywords, sources of articles, and references among the selected articles of published papers werereviewed. The findings reveals traditional theories of internationalization have focused on the stages aswell as internal and external resources of internationalization with domestic expansion have helped tohave advanced stage in the international market. According to the modern theories, there is somemisconnection of local business expansions with internationalization. Moreover, entrepreneurialintensions would accelerate the internationalization process through innovation, and proactivenes
A Community Based Cross Sectional Study of Healthcare Workers on Non-Governmental Organizations’ Response Towards the Covid-19 Vaccine in Klang Valley
Full text linkThe Covid-19 infected countries had executed several measures but could not exterminate the infection. Finally, vaccines became the solution but still there were lack of positive knowledge towards the vaccines. Therefore, the importance of this study among the healthcare workers was to raise awareness, knowledge, and perception on vaccine among public. It was conducted among 294 participants from healthcare workers employed by Non-governmental Organizations in Klang Valley via questionnaires. Average of 93.2% of participants willing to get vaccinated. In terms of socio-demographic, significant difference was only found on age, race, educational level, and working zone. The average prevalence of knowledge and awareness on getting vaccinated was higher among those encountered Covid-19 patients (52.9%) compared to those did not (45.9%). The majority participants had positive perception on vaccine and only numerous participants had concern towards the safety, efficacy, and side effects of vaccine. Overall, findings showed the healthcare workers have better knowledge, awareness, and perception towards Covid-19 vaccine
Modelling a vision screening module in a sample population of non-eye care practitioner in MSU Shah Alam, Selangor (A Pilot Study)
Full text linkPurpose: To investigate the reliability of new model of vision screening module in one sample population in MSU, Shah Alam. Methods: This is cross sectional study with ten subjects who were non-eye care practitioner which were MSU students, aged 19 to 21 years old. They were divided into two groups, first group were participated in training and the other group were not be trained. The subjects required to perform the vision screening based on provided module. Result: There are no significant different on the finding between trained and non-trained non eye care practitioner for all three tests (visual acuity test, colour blindness test, Hirschberg test). However, the time taken for trained eye care practitioner to do the vision screening is no significant difference comparing to non-trained non-eye care practitioner. Conclusion: This study provide initial evidence that new model of vision screening module are reliable to be used by non-eye care practitioner. Furthermore, a standardized vision screening module will be benefited to the community especially to the underserved community as they have difficulty in accessing the health care services
Effectiveness of Methods 20-20-20 Preventing Visual Symptoms Due to Computer Vision Syndrome in Nursing Diploma Programe Students at Bakti Tunas Husada University
Full text linkComputer Vision Syndrome (CVS) is one of the health problems in the eye, which is a collection of symptoms that occur due to working too long with computers, including laptops, desktops, tablets and other display devices (such as smartphones and other electronic reading devices). 3 hours continuously increases the risk of CVS. This study intends to determine the effect of applying the 20-20-20 method on CVS to student gadget users at STIKes BTH Tasikmalaya. The research method used is quantitative analytic method with cross sectional design. The results of statistical analysis using the Wilcoxon test found that DVS complaints after and before the application of 20-20-20 had an Asymp Sig value (2 tiles) of 0.005, because the value was 0.005 <0.05, the hypothesis in this study was accepted that there was a significant effect of the intervention 20-20-20 method on the incidence of CVS in students who use gadgets at STIKes BTH Tasikmalaya. There is a significant effect from the implementation of the 20-20-20 method on the incidence of CVS in student gadget users at STIKes BTH Tasikmalaya. The 20-20-20 method is effective in preventing CVS