Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología (Journal)
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Effectiveness of fruit and vegetable consumption with asthmatic symptoms and episodes: A systematic review
Get PDFIntroduction: Asthma is a chronic disease, so it is essential to adhere to good treatment and follow the recommendations appropriatel, Objective: to determine the effectiveness of recommending the consumption of fruits and vegetables (FV) on the reduction of asthma attacks, including Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) scores, Methods: The search was performed in the electronic databases: Pubmed, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane Library. Studies were included that applied at least one intervention or recommendation for FV consumption in patients with asthma, airway inflammation and other associated problems. Two independent reviewers assessed the selected studies and measured risk of bias. Relevant information was summarized and combined with random effect meta-analysis (DerSimonian-Laird). RevMan 5,4 was applied. Finally, the degree of recommendation was evaluated with GRADE-pro, Results: Three randomized clinical trials (RCTs) totaling 197 subjects were identified. A decrease in asthma symptoms was observed according to the ACQ, but not statistically significant (-0,20; 95 % CI: -0.59, 0,19). Furthermore, interleukin-6 also did not present significance 0,20 (95 % CI: -0,06, 0,46). The nature of the design of the meta-analyzed studies allows a high and moderate degree of recommendation to be scored, respectively. The findings in general suggest that FV intake can generate favorable changes in asthma and its prevention. However, this study failed to demonstrate this statistically, Conclusion: It is necessary that more RCTs be carried out to increase the power of the evidence and update the available informatio
Polymorphism rs1861868 of FTO gene and its association with obesity overwight. A scoping review
Get PDFIntroduction: obesity and overweight have become a global health problem. Genetic factors can influence the increase in body mass index, such as polymorphisms in the FTO gene, which have been related to obesity and its comorbidities.Methods: a systematic search was carried out in the Scopus, PubMed and Clarivate Analytics Web of Science databases seeking information regarding the rs1861868 polymorphism of the FTO gene and the development of obesity and associated diseases. Studies that met PRISMA-ScR criteria were selected and information on population characteristics, sample size, risk allele, outcomes, and conclusions was extracted.Results: 6 studies that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed. The T(A) allele of the rs1861868 polymorphism was associated with higher BMI in some studies, but not in others. The association between the polymorphism and BMI varied according to factors such as age, sex, physical activity, and family history of obesity.Conclusions: although the rs1861868 polymorphism of the FTO gene may play a role in the risk of obesity, its effect appears to be smaller than other polymorphisms within the same gene. Factors such as age, sex, physical activity and family history of obesity appear to have a greater influence on BMI than the presence of the T risk allele of rs1861868
Sound pressure level in the speech signal due to the use of a mask or face shield
Get PDFIntroduction: the use of masks and face shields became widespread during the COVID-19 pandemic, but their impact on vocal health, especially in those who use their voice as a work tool, is not yet fully studied. This study investigates the effect of different types of masks and face shields on the sound pressure level of the voice, with special attention to the risk of developing vocal pathologies.Methods: voice recordings were made of 18 participants (11 women and 7 men) in an audiometric booth, measuring the equivalent continuous sound pressure level (Leq) with a sound level meter. The results obtained with different types of masks (surgical, KN95, with transparent window) and a face shield were compared.Results: no significant differences were found in Leq between the groups with and without protective elements. However, it was observed that women tend to increase the intensity of their voice when wearing masks or face shields, which could lead to greater vocal effort and a potential risk of developing long-term vocal pathologies.Conclusions: Although the use of masks and face shields is necessary in certain contexts, it is important to consider the possible consequences for vocal health, especially in women. The use of non-verbal language is recommended to complement communication and avoid combining KN95 masks with face shields when not strictly necessary
Representation of concepts associated with the digital environments of Chilean students
Get PDFIntroduction: The construction of digital identity is a negotiation process that involves a link between the self, identity, and cultural models. This process is affected by the incursion of technology, which incorporates new verbal forms and traces permanently connected spaces where digital identity is co-constructed. The objective was to determine the conceptual and social representations that construct digital identity in a group of Chilean students by sex.Method: Qualitative research with an analytical descriptive design. The sample included 509 Chilean students aged 18 to 27 from 21 higher education institutions. They were asked to write the first word they associated with the concepts of personal identity, digital identity, digital reputation, and privacy. The results were processed in the Atlas.Ti program, creating word clouds differentiated by sex.Results: Both men and women associated personal identity with "personality." For "digital identity," both groups agreed on the concept of "projection." However, regarding the concept of “digital reputation” men associated it with the term “followers” and women with “prestige”. Regarding “visibility” men associated it with “privacy” and women with “exposure”.Conclusions: the concepts of identity (personal and digital) converge towards common social semantic constructions. However, in concepts such as reputation and visibility, stereotypical gender constructions are evident, with women associating them with prestige and exposure and men with followers and privacy
Nurses\u27 Knowledge, Skills, and Attitudes Regarding Climate Change and Its Impact on Children\u27s Health in Egyptian Hospitals: A Comparative Study
Get PDFIntroduction: Pediatric nurses are believed to play a crucial role in mitigating and adapting to the impacts of climate change on children\u27s health. Consequently, this study aims to compare nurses\u27 knowledge, skills, and attitudes regarding climate change and its effects on children from hospitals in two provinces in Egypt. Methods: A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted involving staff nurses working in different pediatric units in hospitals across two provinces in Egypt. A total of 336 nurses were purposively selected as participants. Data collection utilized three tools: a designed structured questionnaire for knowledge, a climate health skills rating scale, and an attitude scale. Results: In Beni-Suef hospitals, a significant proportion of participants exhibited poor knowledge, skills, and attitudes (48.2%, 50.6%, and 54.2%, respectively). In contrast, most participants in Al Azhar hospitals demonstrated good knowledge, skills, and attitudes regarding climate change (69.6%, 29.2%, and 82.1%, respectively). These differences between the two provinces were highly statistically significant (P = 0.001). Conclusion: Nurses at Al Azhar Hospital exhibited higher levels of knowledge, skills, and attitudes regarding climate change compared to their counterparts at Beni-Suef Hospital
Study of the duration of the post-covid effects and associated risks among doctors
Get PDFResearch to investigate the duration of symptoms following COVID and danger indicators associated with them among recovered individuals. Given the widespread impact of COVID-19, understanding these aspects is crucial for effective management and support for those affected. Researchers conducted phone interviews with 186 healthcare professionals who were COVID-19-recovered.To evaluate the association between pre-existing conditions, demographic variables, and the probability of enduring long-term COVID-19 effects, logistic regression (LR) analysis was used. Analysis of the data revealed that a significant proportion of individuals experienced multiple acute post-COVID symptoms, with exhaustion being the most commonly reported (44,1 %). Risk factors for prolonged post-COVID symptoms were identified through logistical regression analysis, with female sex and pre-existing medical conditions being associated with increased odds ratios (OR) (OR, 2, 18; 96 % CI, 1,09-4,78; p-value 0,031, OR 2,78; 94 % CI, 1,26-6,07). This study highlights the frequency of both transient and chronic symptoms of COVID-19 among medical doctors who have recovered from the disease. The findings suggest that female sex and pre-existing medical conditions are significant risk factors for experiencing prolonged post-COVID effects.
Emotional intelligence and academic performance in a sample of university students: A correlational study
Get PDFIntroduction: emotional intelligence is a concept that has become increasingly relevant in various areas of life, including work, interpersonal relationships, and education.Objective: to determine if emotional intelligence is related to the academic performance of students at a public university in Peru.Methods: quantitative research, with a non-experimental and cross-sectional correlational design. The sample consisted of 172 students, estimated using convenience sampling. The instruments used for data collection were the Emily Sterrett Test and the consolidated evaluation record.Results: the Pearson correlation coefficient (r) for emotional intelligence and academic performance variables was 0,835 (p <0,05). This implies that students with higher levels of emotional intelligence tend to have better academic performance. Conversely, students with lower levels of emotional intelligence may experience difficulties in regulating their emotions, managing stress, and establishing healthy interpersonal relationships, which could negatively impact their academic performance.Conclusions: there is a direct and significant relationship between emotional intelligence and academic performance among students at a public university in Peru. This finding underscores the importance of integrating the development of emotional intelligence into the university curriculum to promote a comprehensive educational approach that focuses not only on academic knowledge but also on the emotional well-being and personal growth of student
Technical training and skilled labor in Civil Construction workers in the urban area of the Pichari district, The Cusco Convention 2022
Get PDFThe research addresses the problem of technical training and qualified labor in Civil Construction workers in the urban area of the Pichari district, La Convention Cusco 2022. The general objective is to analyze the influence of technical training on the quality of the workforce in this sector. Adopting a quantitative approach, explanatory level and a non-experimental design, the hypothetical deductive method was applied in a basic type study. The population consisted of 156 Civil Construction workers in Pichari, and the selected sample was 120 participants through non-probabilistic convenience sampling. The results revealed a significant relationship between technical training and skilled labor, supporting the alternative hypothesis. Levels of technical training and skilled labor varied, with most workers located at middle and high levels. The alternative hypothesis, which maintains that Technical Training significantly influences Skilled Labor, was supported with a two-sided significance of 0.000, a Log Likelihood of 18.176, a Chi-Square of 34.923 and a Nagelkerke Pseudo Square of 0.292. In conclusion, the research highlights the importance of technical training to improve the quality of labor in civil constructio
Description of oral hygiene in visually impaired people in the city of Ibarra, Ecuador
Get PDFPeople with visual impairment face challenges in maintaining optimal oral hygiene, as they may lack knowledge of proper oral cleaning techniques. The objective of the study was to describe oral hygiene in people with visual impairment in the city of Ibarra, Ecuador. It was an observational, prospective, cross-sectional and descriptive study. Surveys were conducted with 30 blind people from the Center for Specialized Therapeutic Attention for People with Disabilities (CATEPED) in the city of Ibarra, Ecuador. The findings revealed that there was a significant prevalence of oral problems among the population studied. Despite showing good oral hygiene in general, the lack of knowledge about the use of fluoride toothpaste and the need to replace toothbrushes periodically are aspects of concern. These results highlight the importance of implementing educational and dental care programs specifically designed for people with visual impairment in order to improve their oral health and prevent dental disease. The need for increased attention to the oral health of people with visual impairment is highlighted, as well as the importance of education and access to appropriate dental services. These results highlight the importance of implementing educational and dental care programs specifically designed for people with visual impairment in order to improve their oral health and prevent dental disease. The need for increased attention to the oral health of people with visual impairment is highlighted, as well as the importance of education and access to appropriate dental services. The results underscore the importance of addressing the specific needs of this population, both in terms of oral hygiene awareness and in the provision of tailored dental care. It is critical to develop comprehensive strategies that address existing barriers and promote optimal oral health for people with visual impairmen
Health Literacy: Professional Competence for 21 st Century Healthcare
Get PDFHealth literacy consists of a set of cognitive and social skills and the ability of individuals to understand and use health information. Low levels of health literacy leads to higher rates of hospitalization, mortality, and premature death, as well as poor adherence to treatment regimens, reduced prevention and poorer health status, with a negative impact on individual and collective health. In Portugal, the most vulnerable groups (the elderly, the unemployed, low levels of education) have "problematic" or "inadequate" levels of literacy. This article therefore reflects on the importance of creating training and capacity-building programs for health teams and professionals in health literacy, concluding that the responsibility for promoting health literacy is a collective one, with health professionals playing a central role in this regard, and that it is up to health organisations to prepare work teams in health literacy and monitor their progres