Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología (Journal)
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Women Empowerment in War and nation Building on the Basis Tahmima Anam’s trilogy
Full text linkIntroduction:
This study explores the representation of women’s empowerment during the 1971 Liberation War of Bangladesh, as portrayed in Tahmima Anam’s trilogy—A Golden Age (2007), The Good Muslim (2011), and The Bones of Grace (2016). It examines how women transcended traditional gender roles to actively engage in the national struggle, making significant contributions to both the war effort and the post-war nation-building process.
Methods:
A qualitative textual analysis of the selected novels was conducted, framed by theoretical perspectives on gender and nationalism by Nira Yuval-Davis and Floya Anthias. The study critically explores key themes related to women’s resistance, empowerment, and their evolving roles in societal transformation during and after the war.
Results:
The analysis reveals that the Liberation War created unique opportunities for women to challenge patriarchal norms and assert their agency. In Anam’s trilogy, female protagonists are depicted as pivotal figures in combat, resistance movements, and post-war social reform. However, despite these active contributions, post-war narratives often marginalize their roles, reflecting societal tendencies to overlook the achievements of women in national struggles.
Conclusions:
The study concludes that Anam’s trilogy redefines women’s roles during wartime, presenting them as empowered agents of change. It stresses the importance of recognizing and documenting women’s contributions to national struggles, underscoring their resilience in overcoming gendered barriers amidst historical and social upheavals
QBD Driven Approach Design and Optimization of Lipid-Based Nanoformulation of Cannabidiol for Enhanced Treatment of Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer
Full text linkIntroduction: The non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is a very commonly detected malignancy globally, contributing significantly to patient morbidity and placing a substantial burden on healthcare systems. Objective: This study aims to develop a stable cannabidiol (CBD)-incorporated nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) for treating the non-melanoma skin cancer. Methods: In the current study, we report the design, development and characterization of a cannabidiol (CBD)-incorporated nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) gel formulation (CBD loaded NLC gel), a novel topical therapeutic approach for treating the NMSC. The optimization of the NLC was effectively carried out using a central composite design (CCD), which enabled the systematic evaluation of formulation variables and their impact on key physicochemical parameters. Results: The final optimized CBD-NLC formulation exhibited mean particle size of 154.7 nm and a zeta potential of +30.12 mV, indicating good stability and potential for effective skin interaction. The cumulative drug release and skin permeation studies using Wistar rat skin demonstrated enhanced and sustained delivery of CBD into the epidermal and dermal layers, facilitated by the lipid-based nanocarrier system. Further, the cytotoxic ability of the CBD Loaded NLC formulation was evaluated using A375 human melanoma cells. The MTT assay revealed a significantly lower IC₅₀ value of 3.07 µg/mL for the CBD loaded NLC gel compared to conventional formulations, indicating improved anticancer activity. Conclusion: Cannabidiol (CBD)-incorporated nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) gel formulation exhibited suitable release, skin permeation and cytotoxic potential for the treatment the non-melanoma skin cancer
Validation of the developed value clarification technique by short video project (vct-svp) learning model
Full text linkIntroduction: Pancasila education in Indonesia is a compulsory general subject, and Pancasila education in higher education institutions has experienced ups and downs. In addition, the policy of implementing Pancasila education in higher education is not always well implemented in both public and private universities. This study aims to develop a Value Clarification Technique Learning Model through Short Video Projects (VCT-SVP) to foster the character value of patriotism in Pancasila Education courses at the university level.
Method: This study uses the ADDIE development model, focusing on the analysis, design, and development stages. This model combines the Value Clarification Technique (VCT) with short video projects, providing a platform for students to express and internalize character values. Validity testing included instrument validation, self-evaluation, and expert validation. Aiken\u27s V and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were applied to determine the validity and reliability of the developed product.
Conclusions: The findings showed that the instruments and prototype of the VCT-SVP model were valid and feasible for further implementation. Specifically, the model book obtained an average Aiken\u27s V value of 0.77, categorized as valid. Meanwhile, the lecturer\u27s and student\u27s books obtained Aiken\u27s V values of 0.84 and 0.85, respectively, both of which are included in the "very valid" category
A Design Science Research Based Business Process Reengineering Methodology to Improve Off Campus Learning Performance in Indonesian Public Universities
Full text linkIntroduction: This study developed and validated a Business Process Reengineering (BPR) methodology to improve Key Performance Indicator 2 (IKU 2, students’ off-campus learning experiences) in Indonesian public universities. It focused on Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) processes within a performance-based higher education governance context.
Methods: The study adopted a mixed-methods design within a Design Science Research (DSR) framework. It integrated the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), DEMATEL, and DEMATEL-based Analytic Network Process (DANP) to prioritise and map causal relationships among BPR critical success factors. Data were collected through AHP and DEMATEL questionnaires completed by experts, supported by key informant interviews and document analysis.
Results: The results showed that top management support, effective project management, and technological competence acted as dominant system drivers, while resource allocation, comprehensive planning, and availability of technological infrastructure emerged as the most influential sub-factors. These elements were organised into a three-layer architecture and a BPR–DSR blueprint that guided process redesign, governance adjustments, and dashboard-based monitoring of IKU 2. Pilot application indicated that MBKM data validation time decreased by approximately 25–30 percent compared with the baseline semester, data entry errors were reduced by around 40 percent, and cross-unit coordination improved noticeably.
Conclusions: The study extended BPR scholarship to performance-based higher education governance, demonstrated the usefulness of hybrid multi-criteria decision-making within a DSR cycle, and offered PTN-BH institutions a practical roadmap for evidence-based process transformation aligned with national performance targets
Determinants of the Intention to Adopt Environmental Auditing: the mediating role of attitude
Full text linkIntroduction: The adoption of Environmental Auditing (EA) is crucial for credible Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), yet its implementation in Vietnam remains voluntary and limited. This study investigates the factors driving firms\u27 intention to adopt EA in this emerging economy.Objective: This study aims to examine the determinants of firms\u27 intention to adopt EA in Vietnam, with a particular emphasis on the mediating role of managerial Attitude.Method: The research develops an integrated theoretical framework by extending the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) with constructs from Institutional Theory, Organizational Culture Theory, and the Resource-Based View (RBV). Primary data were collected from 275 senior managers across environmentally intensive industries in Vietnam. The hypothesized relationships were tested using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM)Results: The empirical results confirm that all three antecedent factors - Internal Resources (β =0.395), Corporate Culture (β =0.383), and Stakeholder Pressure (β=0.360) - significantly influence Attitude. Attitude, in turn, strongly predicts the Intention to adopt EA (β = 0.395). Attitude fully mediates the relationship between Stakeholder Pressure and Intention (β indirect = 0.142); Attitude partially mediates the effects of Corporate Culture (β indirect = 0.151) and Internal Resources (β indirect = 0.156) on Intention. EA.Conclusions: Managerial Attitude is validated as the central mechanism influencing EA adoption intention. Policy implications suggest that interventions should prioritize capacity-building and cultural transformation to cultivate favorable attitudes, rather than relying solely on regulatory encouragement, to drive wider EA adoption in Vietnam
Experimental determination of radiation absorption coefficients for gamma radiation in various metals using the Na-I script detector system.
Full text linkIntroduction:
The radiation absorption coefficient (µ) is a critical parameter for accurately calculating safe shielding requirements against radiation exposure. This coefficient is influenced by the type and energy of the radiation, as well as the nature and density of the shielding material. Determining this value for candidate materials is essential for safety protection applications.
Method:
This study focused on experimentally determining the linear absorption coefficient (µ) of three common shielding materials: copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and aluminum (Al). The measurements were conducted using gamma radiation emitted from Cesium-137 (Cs-137) and Cobalt-60 (Co-60) radioactive sources. Na-I scintillation detector counting system was employed to measure the attenuation of the gamma rays as they passed through the material samples.
Results:
The experimental results for the radiation absorption coefficients of copper, lead, and aluminum for the specified gamma energies were obtained. These measured values demonstrated consistency with previously published and documented results for the same materials and energy ranges.
Conclusions:
The findings confirm the reliability of the experimental methodology and the importance of these determined absorption coefficients for designing effective radiation shielding. The established µ values for Cu, Pb, and Al can be confidently used in safety calculations against exposure to Cs-137 and Co-60 gamma radiation
Assessment of the physical fitness status of College of Arts and Sciences (CAS) employees: A 30-Day fitness program toward improved well-being and workplace productivity
Full text linkIntroduction: employee wellness has become essential to institutional productivity and sustainability. This study assessed the physical fitness status of College of Arts and Sciences (CAS) employees and evaluated the effect of a 30-day workplace fitness program on their body mass index (BMI). It aligns with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 3, 8, and 10, emphasizing health, decent work, and reduced inequalities.Methods: a quantitative research utilized descreptive design was used, involving 35 randomly selected CAS faculty members who participated in a structured 30-day fitness program consisting of group exercises, aerobic sessions, and wellness workshops. Data on demographic profiles and pre- and post-program BMI were collected through a validated questionnaire. Descriptive statistics summarized participants’ characteristics, while a paired sample t-test determined significant differences between pre- and post-program BMI results at a 0.05 significance level.Results: findings revealed that most participants (57.14 %), had a normal BMI before and after the intervention. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference between pre- and post-program BMI (t(34) = -0.42, p = 0.676). The short intervention duration and varying participation intensity likely contributed to the absence of measurable anthropometric change. However, the program was valuable in promoting health awareness and fostering a culture of wellness within the academic workplace.Conclusions: although the 30-day program did not significantly alter BMI, it offered key insights into the design of effective wellness initiatives. Extending program duration, integrating nutrition and behavioral components, and assessing broader health indicators are recommended to enhance outcomes and support sustainable employee well-being
A Thematic Analysis of Professional Gaps, Experiences, and Systemic Challenges in Integrating Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
Full text linkIntroduction: artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly transforming clinical decision-making and diagnostic accuracy across healthcare systems worldwide. However, despite growing interest in Saudi Arabia, the perceptions and readiness of healthcare professionals toward AI integration remain underexplored. This study aimed to evaluate healthcare professionals’ perceptions, experiences, and challenges regarding the use of AI-powered diagnostic and predictive analytics tools in hospital settings in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, and to examine the factors influencing their adoption and confidence levels.Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 240 healthcare professionals, including physicians, nurses, specialists, and allied health staff from selected hospitals in Jeddah. Data were collected using a validated bilingual questionnaire assessing familiarity, training, usage patterns, perceived benefits, and barriers to AI implementation. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests, while qualitative responses underwent thematic SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) analysis.Results: overall, 59.2% of participants reported using AI tools, primarily in diagnostic imaging. Although most participants demonstrated moderate familiarity with AI, only 30% expressed confidence in AI-based diagnostics. Significant associations were observed between professional roles, years of experience, and AI utilization (p < 0.05). Major challenges included limited training, cost, and lack of institutional support. SWOT analysis revealed a strong willingness to adopt AI but highlighted patient resistance and ethical concerns as persisting threats.Conclusion: AI integration in Saudi hospitals is advancing yet constrained by training and trust gaps. Strengthening institutional frameworks, implementing national AI competency programs, and aligning initiatives with Vision 2030 are essential to ensure effective, ethical, and sustainable AI adoption
Multiple Irregular Antibodies in Alloimmunized Patients: immunohematologic techniques for their detection and typing
Full text linkIntroduction: alloimmunization is a frequent complication in chronically transfused patients, resulting from repeated exposure to erythrocyte antigens that differ from the recipient’s own. This immune response leads to the development of irregular alloantibodies that compromise transfusion compatibility and increase the risk of hemolytic reactions, particularly when multiple alloantibodies coexist.Methods: a systematic review was performed following the PRISMA guidelines, based on a search of regional and international scientific databases. Studies published between 2020 and 2025 that addressed alloimmunization, the presence of multiple irregular erythrocyte alloantibodies, and the immunohematologic techniques used for their detection were included.Results: the most frequently identified alloantibodies primarily belonged to the Rh and Kell blood group systems, with recurrent simultaneous combinations among them. For their detection, the manual tube test, column agglutination (CAT), and solid-phase red cell adherence (SPRCA) techniques were evaluated. SPRCA demonstrated higher sensitivity for detecting weak or coexisting alloantibodies, whereas CAT provided standardized interpretation and broad clinical applicability.Conclusions: the detection of multiple irregular alloantibodies requires a strategic combination of immunohematologic methodologies. Although SPRCA offers superior analytical sensitivity in complex samples, CAT remains a reliable and widely accessible alternative in routine clinical laboratory practice, supporting safer transfusion decision-making
Optimizing guidance and counseling programs with the concept of self-regulated learning theory measurement in islamic boarding school-based schools
Full text linkIntroduction: self-regulated learning (SRL) is a fundamental component of modern education because it supports learners’ ability to manage their learning processes effectively and independently. As digital platforms increasingly shape learning environments, understanding SRL becomes essential to address challenges related to motivation, persistence, and attention. SRL is also linked to key 21st-century competencies, making its optimization important for improving educational quality.
Objective: this study aims to examine the urgency of SRL in contemporary education and to analyze the effectiveness of SRL measurement instruments used to design accurate instructional interventions.
Method: this research employs a qualitative design using a literature review approach to analyze theoretical perspectives, empirical findings, and validated SRL instruments. Sources include studies on SRL development, digital learning environments, and assessment tools across educational levels.
Development: findings indicate that SRL plays a central role in strengthening learners’ independence, critical thinking, creativity, and collaboration. Valid and reliable SRL instruments enable teachers to identify students’ strengths and challenges, supporting more targeted learning strategies. However, digital learning also presents obstacles such as online distractions, fluctuating motivation, and reduced focus. Appropriate use of educational technologies can help personalize learning and facilitate continuous monitoring of student progress.
Conclusion: self-regulated learning remains a key driver of adaptive, innovative, and sustainable learning. Its success depends on teacher support, conducive learning environments, and the quality of assessment instruments. Future research should explore the applicability of SRL instruments in diverse contexts and examine technological, familial, and social factors influencing SRL development. Strengthening SRL holistically is expected to enhance learning outcomes and overall educational quality