Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología (Journal)
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Governance Practices and the Citizen–Government Relationship (CGR): Psychological Pathways to Political Participation
Get PDFIntroduction: democratic engagement is shaped not only by institutional design but also by the quality of everyday interactions between citizens and government. Addressing a gap that often treats governance practices and civic behavior separately, this study models the citizen government relationship as a psychological pathway that links concrete governance practices to empowerment, attitudes, and political participation within Indonesia’s decentralized system.
Objective: to determine how five governance practices (administrative simplification, transparency, responsiveness, accountability, and rule of law) shape the citizen government relationship and, through it, political empowerment and participation within Indonesia’s decentralized context. We also quantify which practices most strongly predict relationship quality and test whether an individualistic political attitude weakens the link between relationship quality and participation.
Method: a cross sectional survey of 371 adults from 18 provinces used validated Likert scale measures covering governance practices, relationship quality, political empowerment, individualistic orientations, and participation. Partial least squares structural equation modeling was conducted in SmartPLS 4 with 5,000 bootstrap resamples. Reliability, convergent and discriminant validity, and model fit met recommended standards.
Results: administrative simplification, transparency, responsiveness, rule of law, and accountability each showed significant positive effects on relationship quality. In turn, relationship quality increased political empowerment and produced a positive total effect on participation, including an indirect path through empowerment. More individualistic political attitudes weakened the translation of relationship quality into participation. Among the governance levers, rule of law and simplification exhibited the largest effects, indicating that clear rules and low friction services most strongly build trust and recognition.
Conclusions: governance experiences convert into civic action through relational and psychological mechanisms. Reform priorities should center on rule standardization and service simplification, followed by improvements in responsiveness, accountability, and transparency. By elevating relationship quality and strengthening empowerment, governments can foster broader and more durable forms of citizen participation
Cultural Values as a Branding Logic: Structuring Halal Tourism Mechanism in West Sumatera
Get PDFIntroduction: this study investigates the role of Minangkabau Cultural Values (MCV) as a branding logic in the development of halal tourism in West Sumatra. It focuses on how these cultural values contribute to shaping destination image, tourism performance, and tourist loyalty.Method: data were gathered from a survey of international Muslim tourists, and the relationships among cultural values, authenticity, experience, and loyalty were tested using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM).Results: the findings indicate that MCV significantly enhance the perceived authenticity and people-centered experiences, which, in turn, have a substantial impact on both Halal Destination Image (HDI) and Halal-Friendly Destination Performance (HFDP). Tourist loyalty is primarily driven by HDI.Conclusions: minangkabau cultural values serve as a strategic mechanism that strengthens the competitiveness of halal tourism by embedding authenticity and transformative experiences into destination branding
Rethinking Pedagogical Sequences: Exploring the Syntax of Research-Based Learning in Undergraduate Primary Teacher Education
Get PDFIntroduction: Research-based learning (RBL) has increasingly gained attention in higher education as a strategy to strengthen research competence and professional readiness among prospective primary school teachers. Objective: This study aims to explore and reconsider the pedagogical sequences that shape the syntax of RBL in undergraduate primary teacher education. Method: The research employed a qualitative approach with a case study design, involving three institutions: Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Universitas Negeri Malang, and Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa. The subjects consisted of 15 lecturers and 30 students selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through interviews and documentation, then analyzed using an interactive model encompassing data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. Result: The findings reveal variations in seven phases of the Syntax of RBL, namely: (1) formulating general questions, with differences in lecturer guidance and student independence; (2) literature review, emphasizing diverse forms of theory–practice integration; (3) formulating research questions, ranging from instrument design, field experience, to the development of critical proposals; (4) planning methods, with quantitative, qualitative, or mixed orientations; (5) data collection and analysis, highlighting the role of students as active researchers; (6) interpretation of results, with reflective, solution-oriented, or academic-productive orientations; and (7) reporting, producing outputs in the form of scientific articles, applicative reports, mini research, and publications. Conclusion: These findings indicate that rethinking the Syntax of RBL provides a systematic framework to align pedagogical practices with the diverse needs of institutions while simultaneously strengthening the critical, reflective, and collaborative capacities of prospective primary school teachers.
Studies and motherhood: academic trajectories in the nursing program in the Ecuadorian public university context
Get PDFUniversity students who become mothers face a daily double burden of responsibilities: caring for their children, managing household chores, and fulfilling academic obligations; consequently, it is a challenge to maintain concentration and a consistent academic balance. In this context, the objective of the research is to describe the experiences of motherhood and its influence on the academic performance of nursing students at a public university in Cuenca, Ecuador. Thru a qualitative approach with a phenomenological design, from September to December 2024, using purposive sampling until saturation was reached with 10 students. The data were collected thru semi-structured interviews and analyzed by categories using the Taguette software. The results show that motherhood affects academic performance due to overload and lack of time, although it also serves as a source of motivation. Student mothers face academic, economic, emotional, and social challenges, such as long hours, limited support, financial constraints, and social prejudices, which underscores the importance of having support networks. It is concluded that, although motherhood brings joy and love, it also produces stress and sadness, since balancing the roles of mother and student involves significant sacrifices of time and personal well-being
Podcast-based green chemistry learning strengthens student awareness with distinct outcomes across gender and digital literacy dimensions
Get PDFContemporary education increasingly demands innovations that integrate sustainability awareness into scientific learning. Green Chemistry offers such an approach by connecting chemical principles with environmental responsibility. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of podcast-based, culturally responsive Green Chemistry instruction in enhancing students’ environmental and cultural awareness, as well as their learning outcomes, while considering gender, digital literacy, and school context. A quasi-experimental mixed-methods non-equivalent control group design was conducted in two East Java high schools (public School X and private School Y) from August to September 2025, involving 120 grade-11 students (60 per school; 40 female, 20 male). The intervention combined podcast-based learning with Culturally Responsive Teaching Theory (CRTT). Data were collected through pre–post tests (normalized gain g), validated questionnaires (CVI = 0.94; Cronbach’s α = 0.87), classroom observations, and semi-structured interviews. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA, while qualitative data were thematically coded and triangulated. Results indicated medium normalized gains overall (female g = 0.640; male g = 0.523), with female students consistently outperforming males. Students with higher digital literacy and culturally supportive environments showed deeper reflection and sustained engagement. Thematic analysis revealed that family engagement, community influence, technology use, and ethical or religious values shaped awareness development. In conclusion, podcast-based Green Chemistry learning effectively enhances both cognitive and affective learning dimensions, with gender and digital literacy emerging as significant moderating factors. These findings suggest the importance of integrating gender-responsive pedagogy and digital literacy reinforcement to optimize sustainability-oriented learning through digital media
Modulation of the sensory and chemical profiles of cocoa liquor (Theobroma cacao L.) through efficient microorganisms and fruit extracts in fermented beans of the CCN-51 and Nacional varieties
Get PDFIntroduction: cocoa fermentation is a key biotechnological process that defines the chemical and sensory quality of the liquor. The incorporation of efficient microorganisms (EM) and fruit extracts has been proposed as a strategy to modulate fermentative metabolism and enhance the attributes of the final product.Method: two cocoa varieties (CCN-51 and Nacional) were evaluated under a three-factor design with different EM concentrations (0, 40, and 80 %) and diluted extracts of banana, passion fruit, and jackfruit. Physicochemical variables (pH, titratable acidity, moisture, ash, protein, and energy) and sensory attributes (color, appearance, aroma, flavor, and aftertaste) were analyzed using ANOVA and interaction tests.Results: pH and acidity showed highly significant differences for EM% and its interaction with the extracts, indicating greater lactic-acid and acetic-oxidative activity. Moisture was modulated by the combined action of EM and fruit matrices, particularly in treatments with passion fruit and banana. Ash content showed effects only in interactions, while protein and energy depended mainly on the genotype. Sensory analysis revealed that CCN-51 developed darker tones, satin surfaces, and fruity-cocoa profiles, whereas Nacional exhibited toasted, bitter notes and more persistent aftertastes.Conclusions: the co-application of EM and fruit extracts significantly modulated the biochemical profile and sensory expression of the cocoa liquor, with contrasting responses between varieties. These findings support the use of combined bioprocesses to optimize functional and organoleptic attributes for specialty cocoa markets
Redefining Vocational Learning in the Era of Educational Autonomy: Assessing the MBKM Policy’s Effect on Practice-Based Education
Get PDFIntroduction: The Merdeka Belajar–Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) policy constitutes a major reform in Indonesian higher education, intended to enhance institutional autonomy and strengthen experiential learning through off-campus activities.Objective: This study examines the influence of MBKM implementation on practice-based learning and vocational skill development among students in the Department of Education and Family Welfare at Universitas Negeri Semarang (UNNES).Method: A mixed-methods approach was employed. Quantitative data were collected from 175 active students using structured questionnaires, while qualitative insights were derived from interviews and observations. Quantitative data were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics, complemented by thematic analysis to capture experiential patterns.Results: MBKM participation significantly improved students’ practical learning outcomes, motivation, and employability skills. Respondents reported marked progress in technical competencies and key soft skills, including communication, collaboration, and problem-solving. Nonetheless, several implementation challenges emerged, particularly in administrative coordination, credit recognition, and supervision consistency across programs.Conclusions: MBKM effectively strengthens the integration between academic learning and real-world practice, contributing to a more responsive model of vocational higher education. Continued policy refinement and institutional alignment are needed to ensure broader accessibility and consistent program quality
Clinical and imaging characterization of patients with toxoplasmic encephalitis
Get PDFIntroduction: Cerebral toxoplasmosis is one of the most common opportunistic infections in HIV- positive patients. The clinical picture is given by confusion, personality disorders, lethargy and signs of neurological focus. It is generally located in the basal ganglia and may present single or multiple lesions.Aim: to describe clinical and imaging characteristics in patients diagnosed with toxoplasmic encephalitis.Methods: an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data and the chi square statistic was used to determine the possible association between qualitative variables.Results: the average age was 38.2 years (SD = 9.66). Of them, 53 (75.7%) patients were male and 17 (24.3%) were female. Patients taking antiretroviral medications (62.9%) predominated. The main clinical manifestations observed were: headache (72.9%), motor defect (54.3 %) and awareness (50%). Statistically significant differences were reported between the proportions of the levels of the variables hospital discharge condition and CD 4 levels (X2(2) = 6.19, p < 0.05). There were statistically significant differences between the proportions of the variables hospital discharge condition and lesions in computed tomography (X2(8) = 18.6, p < 0.05).Conclusions: toxoplasmic encephalitis is more common in males and in patients over 38 years of age. The CD4 count and the number of lesions on the head CT scan influence at the prognosis
Influence of secondary pulmonary hypertension on treatment response in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: a systematic review of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies
Get PDFIntroduction: secondary pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a prevalent complication of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). This condition is linked to worsened clinical outcomes and decreased responsiveness to therapeutic interventions and leads to poor prognosis of the disease. Methods: the approach used was meta-analysis which was aimed to assess the influence of secondary PH on treatment response in HFrEF. The study included 5 relevant studies that assessed various characteristics of secondary PH in HFrEF patients. Results: te findings indicate that secondary pulmonary hypertension is associated with greater disease severity, higher mortality rates, and increased frequency of hospitalizations. The severity of PH, ventricular function, pulmonary vascular resistance and remodeling, and the interplay between left and right heart dysfunction were identified as important factors affecting treatment response. Conclusion: the study highlighted the need for personalized treatment approaches that target both the hemodynamic and structural aspects of secondary PH in HFrEF. Further research is recommended to develop precise treatment strategies and explore new pharmacological options. Additionally, longitudinal studies are recommended to understand the progression of PH in HFrEF and its clinical implications. The meta-analysis provided valuable insights into the impact of secondary PH on treatment response in HFrEF and emphasized the importance of tailored approaches for optimal patient outcome
Workplace harassment, mental health challenges and gender equality. A systematic review
Get PDFIntroduction: workplace bullying is a growing phenomenon that negatively impacts the mental health of workers and increases absenteeism. The objective of this systematic review is to identify research on workplace bullying in the academic context between 2019 and 2024, analyzing its effects on mental health and the effectiveness of institutional policies to prevent it.Methods: PRISMA guidelines for systematic review were applied, using Web of Science, PubMed and ProQuest databases. 10 were analyzed in relation to their main findings, methodologies, samples and limitations.Results: there is a high prevalence of workplace bullying in the academic environment, which is associated with the quality of life and mental health of those affected. Women would be the most affected, showing significant symptoms of depression and anxiety. In addition, needs were identified in the development of institutional policies to address bullying.Conclusions: workplace bullying affects both the mental and physical health of workers with an impact on the quality of life of people and the productivity of institutions. It is necessary to implement policies to prevent harassment, as they have proven to be a good way to reduce its incidenc