Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología (Journal)
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Mother-child separation in critical care: emotional implications, impact on the bond and intervention strategies
Full text linkIntroduction: the hospitalization of a premature baby is the cause of stress for many mothers, affecting the mother-child bond, producing emotional changes in the mother and, on the other hand, the presence of complications in the neonate\u27s health status. The general objective is to analyze the available literature on the effects on the health of the mother, the newborn and the family when separation occurs.Methods: a literature review was carried out under a qualitative approach and descriptive design in DIALNET, SCOPUS, SciELO, Science Direct, PubMed and LATINDEX databases, using search terms such as: mother-child separation, experiences, critical care, implications; with Boolean operators “and” and “or”. The selection of articles was based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, leaving a final sample of 30 original articles.Results: separation of the mother-infant dyad in critical care poses risks to the neonate, ranging from poor neuropsychological development to extension of care. A negative pattern is observed in the psychological health of the mother manifested by negative emotions, reaching a point where both become emotionally and functionally disengaged. Methods have been developed to lessen the effects of these problems and improve both the quality of life of the newborn during their stay and the mother-child bond.Conclusions: it is crucial the support of health personnel, with programs and workshops that involve the mother in the care of the baby, helping to a better development and clinical evolution of the newborn
Preparation of a nanoemulsion from clove oil extract containing phenol and studying its effect on a human MCF-7 breast cancer cell line
Full text linkBreast cancer is one of the major health concerns worldwide. Approximately 2.26 million cases of this disease were reported globally in 2020, making it the most dangerous type of cancer. In previous studies, they linked ifosfamide with clove oil based on a nanoemulsion and studied its cytotoxicity. Our research is based on integrating a phenol compound characterized by its insolubility in water, which limits its biological uses, and is considered an antioxidant, with clove oil that contains a high percentage of antioxidants and eugenol. By combining the two in a nanoemulsion system, we successfully prepared it by confirming its composition using FTSEM, FTIR, and UV tests. From a biological perspective, biological surfaces can effectively absorb nanoemulsion droplets to achieve more efficient biological activities. We then calculated the encapsulation efficiency, which was very high. Subsequently, we prepared different concentrations of the nanoemulsion and used the MTT method to test its effect on human breast cancer cell lines and verified cytotoxicity and survival rates for each concentration. We extracted the IC50 value and found that the phenolic nanoemulsion of clove oil successfully killed cancer cells with an increase in concentration
Psychological impact of ai in the automation of clinical decision-making
Full text linkIntroduction: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into clinical decision-making is revolutionizing healthcare by enhancing diagnostic precision, streamlining workflows, and enabling personalized patient care. Despite these advancements, the psychological impact of AI adoption on healthcare professionals and patients requires critical attention. Understanding AI’s dual influence is essential to balance its potential for improved healthcare outcomes with challenges related to trust, acceptance, and ethical considerations.Development: AI adoption in healthcare presents significant psychological challenges for both clinicians and patients. For clinicians, concerns about job security, increased cognitive workload, and role conflicts are prevalent. The opaque nature of algorithmic decision-making often leads to skepticism and anxiety, reducing trust in AI systems. Patients face fears of depersonalized care and doubts regarding the reliability of AI-driven recommendations, which can erode their confidence in healthcare services. These challenges are further complicated by ethical issues such as transparency, accountability, and biases in AI models. Strategies to address these impacts include the adoption of explainable AI (XAI) to enhance transparency, targeted training programs for clinicians and patients, and the establishment of ethical frameworks to improve accountability and fairness. Moreover, designing empathetic AI systems and redefining clinician roles within an AI-integrated healthcare landscape are vital to fostering trust and acceptance.Conclusions: Addressing the psychological dimensions of AI integration is crucial for its ethical and effective implementation in healthcare. Future directions should focus on advancing research to study longitudinal psychological effects, promoting empathetic AI design, and enhancing collaboration between AI and human professionals. By mitigating psychological and ethical concerns, AI can achieve its full potential to transform healthcare and deliver improved outcomes for all stakeholders
Inclusive curriculum adaptations as a global strategy to guarantee the Sustainable Development Goals in Education
Full text linkIntroduction: educational inclusion and sustainability have historically developed as separate fields, but Sustainable Development Goal 4 (SDG 4) highlights the need to integrate them to ensure equitable, quality education oriented toward global citizenship. In this context, inclusive curricular adaptations (ICA) emerge as an essential strategy to articulate inclusion and sustainability.Objective: to propose a theoretical–practical model that positions ICA as a global strategy for achieving SDG 4, based on mapping the state of the art, identifying research gaps, and systematizing substantive categories in recent literature.Methodology: an integrative systematic review was conducted, complemented by bibliometric analysis and conceptual meta-analysis. The search was carried out in high-impact databases (Scopus, Web of Science, ERIC, SciELO, and Redalyc), considering publications in English and Spanish from the last ten years related to inclusive education, curriculum, and sustainability.Results: the bibliometric analysis showed a sustained growth in scientific production since 2020, with higher concentration in 2024 and 2025, mainly in journals specialized in education and sustainability. The conceptual meta-analysis classified the findings into four dimensions: equity, as a basis for reducing gaps; accessibility, as a condition for full participation; functional diversity, as recognition of student heterogeneity; and sustainability, as an ethical and formative horizon.Conclusions: ICA constitute a strategic pedagogical mechanism that integrates inclusion and sustainability. The proposed model provides innovative, replicable, and assessable guidelines that inform educational policies, strengthen teacher training, and contribute to the fulfillment of the 2030 Agenda
Hearing Pollution In The Dental Setting: Strategies To Reduce Its Impact. Literature Review
Full text linkHearing pollution is defined as the accumulation of noise that is harmful to the human ear, especially affecting professions exposed to high levels of constant noise, such as dentistry. Professionals in this area face a high risk of suffering hearing impairment, which makes it necessary to use hearing protectors to prevent damage or delay its progression. The purpose of this research was to identify methods to reduce hearing pollution in the dental field, applying a qualitative methodology of an applied and descriptive type. Through sources such as Scielo, Redalyc and Dialnet, it was concluded that, despite the auditory risks, the use of ear protectors is low, being earplugs and earmuffs the most common
Evaluation of the scientific literature on sports mouthguards in the dental setting
Full text linkThe objective of this literature review was to determine the most appropriate mouthguard for athletes, evaluating its effectiveness, comfort and ability to prevent injuries. After analyzing several scientific studies, it was concluded that the Type III (customized) mouthguard is the most effective. This device stands out for its ability to efficiently absorb and distribute impacts, significantly reducing the risk of orofacial injuries. Its design adapted to the user\u27s anatomy ensures an optimal fit, improving comfort and encouraging continuous use, especially in contact sports such as boxing, rugby and mixed martial arts. In addition, the review revealed limited knowledge among coaches and athletes about mouthguards, underscoring the need to implement educational programs that highlight their importance, correct use and the risks associated with their absence. These programs could foster a greater safety culture in the sports environment. In conclusion, the customized mouthguard is a key tool for protection in contact sports. Its widespread use, accompanied by adequate education, not only prevents injuries, but also contributes to improving the health and performance of athletes
Design, Construction and Testing of a Prototype of Transradial Hand Prosthesis with Two Degrees of Freedom Cable-Controlled and Voice-Activated
Full text linkThis study focuses on the design, construction, and testing of a transradial hand prosthesis with two degrees of freedom, controlled by cables and activated by voice, aimed at improving the daily task performance of individuals with motor disabilities. A descriptive study with a quantitative approach was conducted, utilizing anthropometric measurements of hands taken from students at the Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo. The resulting prototype features a cable-actuated mechanism, with individual mechanical fingers, and is made from polylactic acid (PLA). The primary function of the prosthesis is the opening and closing motion of the fingers. Through direct and inverse kinematic analysis, the position of each finger was determined, and their respective velocities and accelerations were calculated. The maximum speed achieved by the thumb was 0.057 mm/s, while the other fingers reached a speed of 0.62 mm/s. The thumb\u27s acceleration was 1.179 mm/s², while the other fingers had an acceleration of 0.35 mm/s². In practical tests with various objects, the prosthesis was able to lift a maximum weight of 220 grams, with the ideal weight for optimal performance ranging between 100 and 120 grams
Endoscopic transseptosphenoidal surgery for the reception of a pituitary tumor
Full text linkThe increasing use of imaging tests has led to the discovery of small “silent” adenomas of 2 to 3 mm in diameter, which occur in 10 to 20% of the general population. Greater diagnostic sensitivity has been achieved using techniques such as computer axis diagnosis. Computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The patient underwent a complete neurological examination and an axial computed tomography of the skull with the axial and anterior portions of the fossa turcica. The exam includes measuring visual acuity (VA), testing pupillary reflexes and eye movements. With the objective of describing the case of a 48-year-old patient who presents health changes caused by a pituitary adenoma, this work is presented, with the description of the patient\u27s follow-up and the surgical procedure for its solution
Improvement of Arteriovenous Fistula Self-Care in Hemodialysis Patients
Full text linkIntroduction: chronic kidney disease (CKD) represents a growing public health issue that demands replacement therapies such as hemodialysis. Proper self-care of the arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is essential to maintain vascular access effectiveness and prevent complications. However, a lack of knowledge regarding self-care practices increases the risk of infections and thrombosis, compromising the continuity of treatment. Objective: to evaluate the impact of a structured educational intervention on the level of knowledge, self-care practices, and the incidence of complications related to the arteriovenous fistula in hemodialysis patients and their primary caregivers. Methods: a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest study without a control group was conducted at the CENAG S.A. Hemodialysis Center, Ecuador. Fifty CKD patients and thirty caregivers, selected by convenience sampling, participated. The intervention included face-to-face educational sessions, adapted printed materials, and follow-up telephone calls. Statistical analysis was performed using Student\u27s t-test for related samples, with significance established at p<0,05. Results: following the intervention, the level of self-care knowledge increased from 4,5 ± 1,2 to 8,6 ± 1,0 points (p<0,001), adherence to self-care practices rose from 48 % to 87 % (p<0.01), and the identification of warning signs improved from 38 % to 85 %. The incidence of complications decreased from 32 % to 12 %, reflecting a 62 % reduction. Participants reported greater confidence and autonomy in managing their vascular access. Conclusions: the educational intervention significantly improved knowledge, enhanced self-care practices, and reduced complications associated with AVF in hemodialysis patients. These findings underscore the importance of integrating continuous education programs as an essential component of nephrological care, particularly in resource-limited settings
The Role of AI in Modifying the Research Behaviors of Social Sciences Teachers in Ecuador
Full text linkIntroduction: The study examined the influence of artificial intelligence (AI) on research behaviors among social science lecturers in Ecuador, addressing an emerging shift in academic practices driven by digital tools.Methods: A descriptive quantitative design was employed. A structured questionnaire was distributed to all 81 lecturers of the Faculty of Humanistic and Social Sciences at the Technical University of Manabí. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics to assess AI usage, perceived benefits, and obstacles.Results: Fifty percent of the lecturers reported regular or constant use of AI tools, mainly IBM Watson and Grammarly. Over half believed that AI moderately or significantly improved research quality. However, 60% lacked formal training, and barriers such as resistance to change and limited access persisted. Despite concerns, 70% recommended AI usage to peers.Conclusions: AI was found to progressively shape academic research behaviors. Nevertheless, uneven adoption highlighted the need for institutional strategies, ethical guidelines, and training to ensure effective and responsible integration of AI in the social sciences