Omar Al-Mukhtar University Journals
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Evaluation of the Oral Health Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior among Preclinical and Clinical Dental Students in Benghazi, Libya
Full text linkOral hygiene awareness is essential for oral health, as a lack of oral hygiene education leads to neglect of oral hygiene practices. Maintaining good oral hygiene requires efforts from dental professionals and patients. The present study aims to evaluate oral health knowledge, attitude, and behavior among preclinical and clinical dental students at Benghazi University. A cross-sectional study was conducted on dental students at the University of Benghazi utilizing an online questionnaire. Twenty-six questions were designed to assess dental students\u27 knowledge, attitude, and behavior regarding oral health. The data was statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA tests and Student\u27s t-test. 186 students voluntarily participated. The data showed statistically significant differences in knowledge, attitude, and behavior scores between both preclinical and clinical dental students (P<0.0001). Moreover, the differences in all categories’ scores revealed a significant increase with academic years (P < 0.0001). However, the variance in scores of both genders presented was not statistically significant (P > 0.01). This study displayed improved knowledge, attitude, and behavior with the year of study
Rehabilitation Followings Surgical Fixation of Bimalleolar Fractures
Full text linkكسور الكاحل هي النوع الأكثر شيوعًا لكسور الأطراف السفلية ومن بين أكثر أنواع الكسور شيوعًا في جميع أنحاء العالم. وكان الهدف هو تحديد فعالية وسلامة التدخلات المستخدمة لإعادة التأهيل بعد الترجيع المفتوح والتثبيت الداخلي لكسور الكاحل. حيث كانت هذه تجربة عشوائية محكومة مرتقبة أجريت على 60 مريضًا خضعوا لترجيع مفتوح وتثبيت داخلي لكسور الكاحل ثنائية القطب في الفترة بين 2015 م -2017 م في مستشفى الجلاء للحوادث بنغازي - ليبيا. تم تقسيم المرضى حسب طريقة إعادة التأهيل إلى؛ المجموعة (أ): الذين بدأوا في التحميل المبكر للوزن (EWB) باستخدام دعامة أسفل الركبة، والمجموعة (ب): الذين بدأوا التمارين بدون تحميل للوزن (NWB) وذلك باستخدام العكازات الإبطية. وتم استخدام مقياس Olerud Molander للكاحل (OMAS) لتقييم النتائج السريرية. وكان OMAS أعلى في المجموعة (أ) مقارنة بالمجموعة(ب) ولكن بدون فرق معتد به إحصائيًا، ولم يكن هناك فرقا كبيرا فيما يتعلق بنطاقات SF-36. لا يوجد فرق كبير بين إعادة التأهيل بتحميل الوزن المبكر وبين إعادة التأهيل بدون تحميل الوزن فيما يتعلق بالنتائج الوظيفية. وبالنظر الى راحة المريض، والنتائج الوظيفية المحسّنة مبكرًا، ونقص معدل المضاعفات المتزايد، نوصي بتمارين تحميل الوزن في وقت مبكر بعد الجراحة ومدى الحركة (ROM) في المرضى الذين يعانون من كسور الكاحل المعالجة جراحيًا.Fractures of the ankle are the commonest type of lower limb fractures and one of the most not unusual type of fractures all over the world. Purpose was to ascertain how powerful and safe are interventions that are used for rehabilitation following surgical treatment of bimalleolar fractures. This was a prospective study conducted on 60 individuals who were subjected to surgical fixation of bimalleolar fractures within the period of 2015 to 2017 at Aljalaa trauma hospital in Benghazi - Libya. The patients were randomly divided according to the sort of rehabilitation protocol into; Group A: who commenced early weight bearing (EWB) by below knee orthosis, and Group B: who began non-weight bearing (NWB) exercises by means of axillary crutches. Olerud Molander Ankle score (OMAS) was used to assess clinical results. Group A had higher OMAS rating than group B but out a significant statistical difference, and there was no significant difference regarding SF-36 scores. No significant difference between early weight bearing rehabilitation and non-weight bearing one as regard functional outcomes. Considering patient\u27s comfort, early functional improvement, and the low complication rate, early postoperative weight bearing and range of motion (ROM) exercises are recommended in subjects with surgically treated ankle fractures
The Possible Protective Role of N-acetylcysteine against Testicular Toxicity Induced by Paracetamol Overdose in Adult Male Rats
No full textMany substances, even medicines with proven therapeutic benefits, can harm cells by metabolically activating them into extremely reactive substances. Paracetamol is one of the most widely used over-the-counter analgesics. This study examines the harmful effects of paracetamol on the lipid peroxidation process in testes homogenates as well as enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant activities. Also, examine the effects on male hormones and sperm count. The study also assesses if N-acetylcysteine protects against testicular damage induced by paracetamol excess. Forty mature male albino rats were created. Group 1 as a control, Group 2 paracetamol (650 mg/kg), Group 3 NAC (150 mg/kg), and Group 4 both paracetamol and NAC. Samples of blood and testicles were taken after 15 days to measure sperm and testicular biochemistry. Testicular tissues had considerably higher amounts of MDA and H2O2. SOD, GSH, and CAT levels significantly decreased. FSH and LH rise. On the other hand, testosterone levels decrease following paracetamol exposure. The administration of NAC generated changes in testosterone levels, FSH, LH, and antioxidant enzymes. The sperm morphology showed an increase in abnormalities but a significant decrease in motility and count. NAC effectively lowers the toxicity of paracetamol to the testicles while restoring biomarkers associated with normal testicular function
Implementation of The Judgment Issued to Cancel the Administrative Decision Due to Illegality (A Comparative Study)
Full text linkتناول البحث موضوع تنفيذ الحكم الصادر بالإلغاء، وذلك وفق صياغة مقارنة جمعت النظامين الليبي والمصري، وانتهى إلى أن القضاء الإداري مستقر على أن ولاية القاضي الإداري في دعوى الإلغاء تقف عند إلغاء القرار الغير مشروع، ولا تمتد إلى الحلول محل الإدارة أو إصدار الأوامر لها، أو إلزامها بتنفيذ الحكم بكيفية معينة. وأن التزام الإدارة بتنفيذ أحكام الإلغاء يخضع لرقابة القضاء التي تمارسها المحاكم، بالإضافة إلى رقابة الإدارة ذاتها والتي يمارسها مجلس الوزراء. ولقد تأثر النظام الليبي كثيرا بالنظام المصري، في مواجهة امتناع الإدارة عن تنفيذ الأحكام الصادرة بالإلغاء. كما تجلت أهم توصيات البحث في مناشدة المشرع الليبي بالنص على وجوب تواصل القضاء الإداري مع الإدارة فيما يتعلق بتنفيذ الأحكام الإدارية الصادرة بالإلغاء، من حيث كيفية تنفيذها وترتيب أثارها بما لا يفرغها من مضمونها، وبما لا يخل بمبدأ الفصل بين السلطات.The research addressed the issue of implementing the annulment ruling, using a comparative approach that combined the Libyan and Egyptian systems. It concluded that the administrative judiciary is well-established in that the jurisdiction of the administrative judge in an annulment suit is limited to annulling the unlawful decision, and does not extend to replacing the administration, issuing orders to it, or obligating it to implement the ruling in a specific manner. The administration\u27s obligation to implement annulment rulings is subject to judicial oversight exercised by the courts. The Libyan system has been greatly influenced by the Egyptian system, in confronting the administration\u27s refusal to implement annulment rulings. The research\u27s most important recommendations are embodied in the call for the Libyan legislator to stipulate that the administrative judiciary must communicate with the administration regarding the implementation of administrative annulment ruling
Improvement of Corrosion Resistance in EZ33 Magnesium Alloy via Yttrium Addition
Full text linkIn recent years, researchers have been investigating different alloying elements to improve the corrosion resistance of magnesium alloys. One such element is Yttrium (Y), which has shown promising results in enhancing the corrosion resistance of magnesium alloys, such as EZ33. The susceptibility of magnesium alloys to corrosion is a major challenge, as corrosion can lead to structural degradation and compromise the integrity of the material, especially in harsh environments. The influence of a single yttrium (Y) addition on the corrosion resistance of the EZ33 Mg alloy was examined in this work. The corrosion resistance was measured using the loss weight method, and the specimens\u27 surfaces were examined using an optical microscope and a scanning electron microscope. The results showed that the corrosion rate decreased with the addition of Y, and microstructure examination illustrated that the corrosion product film formed at the alloy treated with Y was more stable than those formed at the microstructure of the base alloy. Moreover, the corrosion attacked the area where the intermetallic phases formed, which was shown via optical microscope images. Y can be an effective alloying element to enhance the durability of Mg alloys in structural or biomedical applications
Obesogenic Factors in School-Aged Children in Tobruk City, Libya
Full text linkChildhood obesity rates are globally on the rise. This study aims to assess the factors contributing to obesity in school-age children in Tobruk City, Libya, across various public and private schools. This epidemiological cross-sectional survey was conducted in May 2024. Students were divided into four groups according to their Body Mass Index: normal, underweight, overweight, and obese. Children were additionally categorized into two groups according to the type of school attended: public or private. Among 201 studied participants, only 18 students were obese all of whom were from the public school. Meanwhile, 89 students were found to be underweight, 12 were overweight, and the remainder 82, were within normal Body Mass Index. No obese children were reported in the private school, only 6 were overweight, but > 40% of children were underweight. Therefore, no correlation was found between school type and childhood obesity with a p value of 0.089. We found screen time to be more prevalent in obese and overweight children. There is no correlation between the student\u27s gender and obesity with a p value of 0.573. The study found that the duration of activity was more extensive in the private school students. The current study concluded that there are many factors, rather than nutritional habits and activities that can affect a child\u27s growth and body build. Further studies with large samples in our city are recommended
Preliminary Study on Ecto and Endoparasites of the Black Rats (Rattus Rattus) in Benghazi City
Full text linkForty-five adult trapped black rats (Rattus rattus), 24 males and 21 females, were dissected and examined in this study for ecto and endoparasites. Three ectoparasites were detected, namely, the flea (Xenopsallya cheopis), mites (Ornithonyssus bacoti), and tick (Ixodes spp) with 48.9%, 13.3%, and 2.2% respectively. Meanwhile, many species of endoparasites were: Entamoeba histolytica/dispar (73.3%), Entamoeba coli (31.3%), Blastocystis hominus (8.9%), Giardia lamblia (15.6), Chilomastix sp. (4.4%), a coccidia sp. (13.3%), Hymenolips nana (2.2%), Hymenolips diminuta (44.4%), and Taenia taeniaformis (6.7%), and Moniliformis moniliformis (2.2%). Of all examined rats, 97.8 % (44/45) were found to harbor at least one parasite species with no significant differences between body weight, body length, and gender of the host with the prevalence of parasite species. Multiple infections occurred at six species per rat with different combinations of parasite infections. These results are the first records of the parasitic fauna of R. rattus in the Benghazi area
Investigation of Pollen Morphology of Malva L. (Malvaceae) in Libya
Full text linkThe Malva L. genus belongs to the Malvaceae Juss., which comprises about 40 species. This genus is represented by only six taxa in Libya, namely, Malva aegyptia L., M. sylvestris L., M. verticillata L., M. nicaeensis All., M. parviflora L. var. parviflora and M. parviflora L. var. microcarpa (Pers.) Loscos. In this study, the Malva L. species have been studied and investigated in terms of pollen morphology. Pollen morphology grains have been examined and studied in all taxa using a light microscope. Measurements of pollen diameter, pore diameter and arrangement, pollen shape, and spine features are recorded and comprehensively studied. Palynological results have revealed that pollen grains of Malva species are apolar, spheroidal, and polypantoporate. Pollen grains are characterized by spines, which are long, slender and pointed and/or short and pointed. Inter-spinal distance between apices was a remarkable feature that could be utilized with other features to demarcate species belonging to Malva L
Determination of lead Element in Hair Dye Samples Available in Libyan Markets Using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
Full text linkHair dyes are essential to cosmetic products; however, they may contain harmful chemicals that pose health risks when used repeatedly. This study analyzed six commercial hair dye samples available in the Libyan markets, representing multiple colors (black, blonde and brown) to ensure a comprehensive assessment. Advanced analytical techniques, specifically Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS), were employed to determine the lead concentration in the samples. Random samples were selected from the markets for analysis, and the results revealed that most samples had undetectable levels of lead (<0.1 µg/L) for samples 1 to 3. However, sample 4 exhibited a significant lead concentration, with an average value of 12.92 µg/L, ranging from 10.2 µg/L to 14.56 µg/L. Samples 5 and 6 were also free from detectable lead. This study emphasizes the importance of continuous monitoring of cosmetic products, particularly regarding heavy metals that could pose public health risks. The findings suggest that some products contain elevated lead levels, highlighting the need for preventive measures to ensure consumer safety. Additionally, the study calls for increased consumer awareness of the risks of lead exposure and the importance of selecting safe products
Protective role of selenium against diclofenac sodium induce nephrotoxicity in female rats
Full text linkSelenium is an essential trace mineral found in soil, water, and some foods. It increases antioxidant effects in the body. Diclofenac sodium is one of the world\u27s most commonly prescribed nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). This study aimed to evaluate the histological changes induced by diclofenac sodium on the kidney of adult female rat and evaluating the possible ameliorative role of selenium. Healthy female rat 4 month old weighting 140-235g were divided equally into four groups. The first group was received only distilled water and considered as control group. The second group animals were received selenium at a dose of 0.25 mg/kg b/w by oral gavage daily for 21 days. Third group were receive diclofenac sodium at dose of 10mg/kg b/w by oral gavage daily for 14 days. And the fourth group the animals were given same dose of selenium for 7 days, during the next two weeks, animals given same dose of diclofenac sodium. Histological examinations revealed that administration of diclofenac sodium only exhibited marked glomerular and tubular lesion included vacuolization and swelling the lining epithelium of tubules, inflammatory cells infiltration and hemorrhage in the interstitial tissue, necrotic or desquamation lining epithelium in the luminal tubules, intratubular esinophilic casts in some renal tubules, completely obscured or stenosis urinary space of renal corpuscles, shrinkage glomeruli of some renal corpuscles with widening urinary space, many glomeruli appeared with less cellularily, dilation and congestion blood vessels. In contrast administration of selenium along with diclofenac sodium induced ameliorating change in renal tissue of diclofenac sodium intoxicated rat