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The Homogeneous Representation of Les Tondues as Sexual Collaborators and its Impact upon the French Récit Nationale
Get PDFThis essay examines the representation of Les Tondues, women whosehead’s were shaved following the second world war, primarily in France, as punishment for collaboration. The general consensus is that these women were punished for sexual collaboration and romantic relationships with German soldiers. This is true in only 42% cases. This essay seeks to explain why the lasting myth of French collaboration is of collaboration horizontale, to query why these women were chosen as the target for public rancour, and to examine how the circulation of these photographs has coloured the national and international conception of the French récit national of collaboration
‘What Makes a Monster?’ Female Villains and Violence in Dark Places and We Need to Talk About Kevin.
Get PDFThe figure of the ‘bad’ mother has become more significant in 21st century popular culture - from the obliquely horrific mother of Hereditary to the comic Bad Moms there is a revitalised interest in deconstructing the image of motherhood. In Dark Places and We Need To Talk About Kevin both Gillian Flynn and Lionel Shriver discuss the cultural implications of being a ‘bad’ mother- being violent, uncaring and even murderous, and demonstrate that why someone is monstrous is often more complex than what the monster is in actuality
‘My father told me a nest with eggs in it was one of the most beautiful things in the world’: Gender Construction and Parent-Child Relationships in Roald Dahl’s Danny Champion of the World and J.M. Barrie’s Peter Pan or the Boy Who Would Not Grow Up
Get PDFIn this essay, I compare Roald Dahl’s 1975 novel, Danny Champion of the World, and J.M Barrie’s 1904 play text of Peter Pan or the Boy Who Would Not Grow Up. I argue that, despite appearing to subvert patriarchal familial structures at first reading, neither text ultimately achieves this subversion. Both texts romanticise the role of the mother, to the extent that the concept of ‘childhood’ is defined in relation to maternity. This prevents either text from subverting hegemonic gender constructions
A Crisis of Identity: The Rise of Bride Kidnapping in Kyrgyzstan
Get PDFThe practice of bride kidnapping remains relatively popular in certain parts of the world, particularly in the rural Kyrgyzstan, where it is non-consensual at least half of the time. For Kyrgyzstan and its fellow post-Soviet republics, this issue clearly correlates to a sombre list of systematic gender issues, including domestic violence, sex crimes, and human trafficking, which have been on the rise since the nations’ acquiring of their independence. This essay discusses the diverging attitudes towards this custom, such as many members of the older generation decidedly (albeit, at times, begrudgingly) defending it as a tradition, as well as the experience of the various actors involved, from the kidnapper groom-to-be to the bride’s relatives. The aim is to demonstrate that the prevalence of this crime is intrinsically tied with Kyrgyzstan’s troubled past, a socio-economic context of scarcity, and a misguided quest for an authentic identity – all within a system of inadequate government regulation
Online and on land: an examination of Irish arts festivals’ response to Covid-19
Get PDFThis paper considers the short- to medium-term implication for festival organisations and arts policy writers of changes in festival practice introduced to enable organisations operate and accommodate social distancing regulations introduced to mitigate the spread of Covid-19.
At this juncture, it is still too soon to determine the longer-term implications for the Irish arts festival ecology of the public health restrictions introduced to mitigate the spread of Covid-19 during 2020 and 2021. However, research and analysis of the sector over this time has revealed that operational changes, introduced to enable festivals to function while social distancing measures were in place, are becoming imbedded into organisations’ operating systems and post-pandemic strategic planning. In particular, this study indicates that festival organisations envisage maintaining a significantly increased level of dependence on digital technologies in both the creation and delivery of festival programmes. There is also evidence of a growing commitment to sustaining a commitment to longer-form creative collaborations outside the public facing festival period. The paper concludes by exploring some implications these sectoral transformations present Irish arts policy, and argues for the need for ongoing research. In particular, it highlights the importance of developing a greater understanding of the public’s engagement with online festival programming
Contractual Insecurity in the EU15: Using Multiple Surveys to Investigate Working with ‘No Contract’
Get PDFOur analysis makes use of three comparative European datasets to investigate the nature and meaning of working with ‘No Contract’ across a range of European societies in the mid-2010s. Using the EU Labour Force Survey (EU-LFS, 1995-2015), European Working Conditions Survey (EWCS, 1995-2015), and European Social Survey (ESS, 2002-2016) we show that the presence of workers with ‘No Contract’ is a significant feature of the labour market for a small number of Mediterranean countries, Ireland and the UK. We analyse how respondents describe their employment situation in different countries, given different possible contract categories; the subjective perception of their labour market insecurity by workers in various contract situations; and investigate how ‘No Contract’ working relates to other key variables in particular work and employment configurations. The paper reveals two primary patterns of ‘No Contract’ working. The first is related to ‘temporary contract’ work, with ‘No Contract’ employment serving as a related form of casualised work in the Mediterranean economies in particular. This also suggests that estimates of precarity are somewhat under-estimated in Mediterranean and Liberal economies in Europe. The second is present only in the UK and Ireland and represents a group of ‘No Contract’ workers primarily in market services, whose situation is best analysed as a particular, potentially more uncertain, form of permanent work
The Covid-19 Pandemic and Ireland’s Labour Market: Insights through the Lens of the Pandemic Unemployment Payment and the Characteristics of Impacted Workers
Get PDFWith the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the introduction of rolling public health restrictions, conditions in Ireland’s labour market deteriorated significantly. In response to the widespread impacts on businesses and workers, the Irish Government, as part of a broader suite of policy measures, introduced the Pandemic Unemployment Payment (PUP) in March 2020. Through the lens of the PUP, this paper explores the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Ireland’s labour market and its implications for post-COVID recovery and policy. In particular, this analysis examines the demographics of impacted workers over time, rates of payment relative to pre-pandemic earnings and the potential scale of the post-COVID labour market challenge, via an exploration of long-term recipients
Care Work: Why does it matter and is there a perfect model?
Get PDFCare work is a central aspect of welfare systems, yet our care systems are intended to accommodate familial and societal models that are long out of date. Increasing female-labour-market-participation, plummeting fertility rates and a rapidly aging population means elder and child care are more important and more complex than ever before. Such demographic shifts bring a host of new risks and care work, as well as welfare states in general, need to shift in structure to accommodate. This paper will consider both elder and child care in depth, as well as look at their significance in the wider societal context and consider the shifting trends occurring to accommodate the family and societal structures of the 21st century
Natural Sciences: Editorial Note and Articles
No full textEditor: Kate Kleinle
Abstract 1:
Restoring the Mesopotamian Marshes: Iraq’s Garden of EdenMuireann Cotter, Senior Sophister, BotanyThe Mesopotamian Marshes, sometimes known as the Garden of Eden, were once twice the size of the Everglades and of unique ecological and cultural significance in Iraq. This review aims to investigate why the wetland is receding and to assess the potential restoration of the Mesopotamian Marshes.
Solutions to restoring the marshes are based around restoring ecosystem functionality by improving water flow, quality, quantity and distribution, as well as improving soil health. Prior research has established that there is potential for partial restoration of the wetlands under current conditions, but efforts to reach this potential have displayed mixed results, and anthropogenic activities continue to slow restoration efforts.
The findings suggest that more research needs to be done on local ecosystem functionality, which might better influence governmental initiatives and restoration programmes.
Abstract 2:
Can we Establish Genomic Trends for Coevolving Mutualisms?Fionn O\u27Sullivan, Senior Freshman, Biological and Biomedical SciencesAlthough work has steadily begun in characterising the genetic basis of competitive multispecies interactions, such as predator-prey and host-parasite relationships, it is only in the past two decades that methods based on modern genome sequencing have been brought to bear on mutualistic interactions. This review draws together some of these disparate studies to roughly sketch out the diversity of genome level evolution seen in coevolving mutualisms, such as increased substitution rates, degradation in the genetic quality of mutualism dueto human actions, extreme genome reduction in insect endosymbionts and the horizontal gene transfer from organelles that forged eukaryotic life.
Some of the current problems confounding genetic research on mutualisms are mentioned and suggestions for further studies are put forth. By bringing together ecology, genetics, cellular biology and evolutionary theory, this type of under-explored multidisciplinary research has the potential to robustly contribute to our understanding of the function and evolution of highly integrated biological systems.
Although it is currently premature to define anything more than very general trends that are specific to coevolving mutualisms not also seen in other coevolving biological systems, the research is only beginning and has already contributed a wealth of fundamental explanations to some of biology’s core questions
Managing Culture: Reflecting on Exchange in Global Times eds. Victoria Durrer and Raphaela Henze (Palgrave Macmillan, 2020).
Get PDFReview of a collection of essays on intercultural best practice in global arts and education policy and management with real-world case studies.
Managing Culture reflects on the damaging power dynamics at play across global culture and seeks to gather critical analysis and case studies from across the globe to address issues under the headings of Conditions, Practice, Education and Future Direction. Rich with useful examples and analysis the book manages to both educate the reader and provide examples for constructive change