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Entrepreneurial Networks and Women Entrepreneurship: A social feminist perspective of social capital
Get PDFThis study utilizes a social feminist perspective of social capital to investigate how entrepreneurial networks influence women’s entrepreneurship in developing economies. To this purpose, we collected and analyzed rich data generated through in-depth interviews and artifacts of Nigerian women entrepreneurs and key stakeholders. The qualitative data were thematically analyzed using the phenomenological approach to data analysis. Our findings revealed that entrepreneurial networks are mediums through which women entrepreneurs gain access to financial and physical resources, human resource development, and social and external support opportunities for customer attraction and retention. Our analysis therefore suggests that in developing countries, characterised by a weak or non-existent entrepreneurship ecosystem, entrepreneurial networks represent a medium that could fill the voids created by a weak institutional environment. This article contributes to women entrepreneurship literature by revising a male-based perspective of entrepreneurial networks into a gender-sensitive field
Young People Not in Employment, Education or Training (NEET): Concepts, Consequences and Policy Approaches
Get PDFYoung people that are not in employment, education or training (NEET) may face increased poverty risk, social exclusion, labour market scarring and adverse health consequences. Reducing the number of NEETs is a major policy priority in the European Union. The target of the European Pillar of Social Rights Action Plan is to reduce the NEET rate to 9 per cent by 2030, and this is supported by a considerable amount of EU funding. In this paper, we begin by discussing the NEET concept, paying particular attention to the heterogeneity of individuals contained within this group. We then review the international literature on the causes and consequences of NEET status. Following this, we provide an overview of the evidence on policy interventions targeting NEETs, with a particular focus on the recent literature on labour market activation in Ireland. Tailoring policies towards NEETs is difficult due to the heterogeneity within this group, and as such, we discuss specific policies that may be targeted towards different NEET subgroups. Finally, we discuss emerging labour market trends and their potential impact on NEETs. We begin by discussing the potential impact of technological change on NEETs, before moving on to more specific areas including the green economy, remote working, and the platform economy. The evidence on their impact is relatively underdeveloped and represents an important avenue for future research
Book Review: Taoisigh and the Arts (Kevin Rafter: Martello, 2022)
Get PDFKevin Rafter’s short book is an entertaining taste of the use and abuse of the arts in Ireland by successive Taoisigh (the plural form of the title of the Irish elected head of state, ‘Taoiseach’). It covers a century of cultural policy juxtaposed with artistic responses of the times, to reveal a story of official neglect and the privileging of economic concerns. Until the establishment of the Department of Arts in 1993 only one Taoiseach truly embraced his responsibilities to the arts and Charles J. Haughey would do so in a way that emphasised grand gestures to support his image all the while continuing the underfunding of the sector. Though the powers of the role have largely transferred to the Departmental Minister, the role of Taoiseach retains a certain symbolic and diplomatic significance when it comes to the arts
Financing Preferences of Individual Entrepreneurs: Music careers in the spotlight
Get PDFThe production of popular music provides an interesting case for studying the role of individuals in financing decisions. Intellectual property takes a central position in music entrepreneurship, with a digital transformation to music streaming impacting the sector. Decision-making is a joint process between managers and artists, and self-employed creatives are of growing importance for economic development. However, detailed data on financing decisions of individuals is scarce. In this study, we qualitatively identify and explain the financing preferences of musicians and their managers at or around career-defining moments. We used Atlas.ti to code interviews with 39 music artists and managers in Belgium, the Netherlands and Norway. The data shows that the financing preferences of participants are shaped by industry-specific uncertainty and decision-influencing attributes such as life events and economic dependence. In the industry-specific context, we confirm and elaborate on existing theoretical explanations around path-dependence, personal circumstances, signalling, the role of advice, discouragement and the resource-based view
BIRDS OF A FEATHER: a call for research and understanding difference
Get PDFThis article begins with an outline of the principle of homophily, which is centred on similarity and connection with others. It explores how in our social networks, friendships and choices – such as our cultural tastes - we seek to associate with others ‘like us’. Exploring this premise further, this paper considers this in relation to recent research on creative and cultural professionals in the UK (Brook, O’Brien and Taylor, 2018; Taylor, O’Brien and Brook, 2020). The author notes a lack of research on cultural labour in Ireland and a persistent scarcity on research on the arts, creative and cultural sectors here. While this is beginning to improve, there remains a significant lack of data or evidence that supports claims that Ireland is a creative and cultural nation. Conversely, Ireland has suffered from a surfeit of arts attendance data that justifies and proves audiences for the arts but, as this paper notes, this is inherently problematic. Overarchingly, this paper is a call for a greater quantity, in breadth and depth, of research that explores specifics of geography, difference and practice in the creative and cultural sectors in Ireland
Tracking the Long-Term Trajectory of International New Ventures’ Innovation: The moderating role of regional multi-cluster diversity
Get PDFThe purpose of this article is to study how the innovation performance of international new ventures (INVs) evolves over time, and how multi-cluster diversity as an external environment moderates INVs’ innovation performance. We employed the latent growth curve modeling (LGCM) approach to analyze 5,744 INVs from 21 cities in the Guangdong Province (China). We found that INVs’ innovation follows a positive linear trend over time, and that multi-cluster diversity plays a positive moderating role. Our findings enrich international entrepreneurship by showing the long-term effect of early internationalization on INVs’ innovation under a multi-cluster environment
Household Consumption and the Housing Net Worth Channel in Ireland
Get PDFThe performance of the Irish economy varied considerably over the period 2002-2019, with a credit-led boom up to 2007 being followed by a sharp fall in economic activity and house prices in the following five years and then a recovery in both output and the housing market. This provides a valuable sample for investigating the relevance of the housing net worth channel to consumption developments. The evidence presented here indicates the channel being active in Ireland during the 2007-2012 downturn with a fall in house prices being associated with a decline in consumption. It does not have an impact outside that downturn. Accordingly, the results add to the international evidence of how an accumulation of household debt and a downturn in house prices has an adverse impact on consumption
Announcement: 2023 Brendan Walsh Prize
Get PDFThe 2023 Brendan Walsh Prize has been awarded to Jane Dooley (Department of the Environment, Climate and Communications) and David Madden (University College Dublin) for their paper “Ireland’s Post-Crisis Recovery, 2012-2019: Was It Pro-Poor?”The Brendan Walsh Prize was inaugurated in 2018 to select the best paper published in The Economic and Social Review in the previous year. The prize includes €1,000 and a certificate.
The selection was made by the following sub-committee of the Economic and Social Studies Council: Adele Bergin (Economic and Social Research Institute) Paul Devereux (University College Dublin), and Darragh Flannery (University of Limerick
Everyday Objects, Affect, and Embodied Policy: A Case Study of Popular Music Summer Camps during COVID-19
Get PDFIn 2021, summer camps represented, for many children and teenagers, a much desired return to ‘normal’ social interactions, following school disruptions due to the COVID-19 pandemic. One such summer camp programme was coordinated by Rock Jam, a private popular music education organisation based in Dublin. Rock Jam’s summer camps were booked to capacity, with both children and their parents or guardians eager for a return to face-to-face educational and social experiences. However, early in July, summer camp programming became more complicated when the Irish Government clarified that indoor summer camps were not permitted, and all summer camp activities must be held outdoors due to public health restrictions. This article reports on Rock Jam’s pandemic response measures, both before and after the policy clarification. It reflects on and examines the ways in which policies are embodied and materialised in everyday interactions, focusing especially on the outdoor tents that allowed the summer camps to continue in compliance with the newly clarified policy. It uses the language of affect to examine the sensory, emotional, material, and interpersonal dimensions of these everyday interactions with embodied policy
Policy Review: a review of museum decolonisation policy across the island of Ireland
Get PDFThere is currently no explicit decolonisation policy concerning Irish museums. This review provides an overview of current decolonial work scholarship and professional museum work in museums across the island of Ireland. Irish museums hold tangible and intangible testimony of how Irish people were involved in the violence of empire-making. Ireland\u27s legacy in British empire building is challenging and often ignored by historians because Ireland was also a victim of colonialism. Ireland\u27s complex entanglement with empire-making is perhaps one reason why there are no explicit policies concerning the decolonisation of museums in Northern Ireland or the Republic of Ireland. Instead, efforts to decolonise are written within broader policies concerning inclusion and diversity or only considered in temporary exhibitions. This review article explores recent academic scholarship and endeavours related to professional museum practice to understand current decolonial activity in the Irish museum sector. The review advocates for more decolonial work and policy-making that considers the nuances of Ireland and the British Empire. However, I acknowledge the numerous barriers to a genuine decolonising of the museum stem from a reliance on precarious, low-paid or volunteer staff that results in ethnic minorities and working-class people being excluded from entering museum work and a lack of funding in the sector. Still, this review article recognises that despite the lack of job security, staff diversity and funding, museum professionals and academics are conducting rigorous research concerning Ireland and colonialism