UiS Open Journals (Univ. of Stavanger)
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Effect of Titanium Nitride (TiN) Nanoparticles on the Lubricity and Viscosity of Water-Based Drilling Fluid
No full textThe effectiveness of the fluid\u27s performance depends on the combined effect on its rheological, thermos-physical, chemical, and lubricity properties. In this paper, the effect of TiN nanoparticles on different properties of KCL-based water-based drilling fluid was evaluated. Results showed that the TiN nanoparticles among others increased the lubricity of the drilling fluid by 40% and reduced the filtrate loss by 9.8%. Moreover, the additive has shown an impact on the thermal, electrical conductivity, and rheological properties of the considered drilling fluid
Bildung, capabilities, human freedom and human flourishing: impulses for social work
Get PDFThere is international interest in approaches to social work focussing on human development and service users’ real freedoms to act. One such example, established in social work, is the capabilities approach. This paper introduces a related, but internationally less well-known concept from German-language philosophy of education discourses, Bildung. It argues that Bildung represents a valuable additional framework for understanding social work in terms of human growth and human flourishing.
The concept of Bildung has taken many forms. The term’s changing notions are sketched, starting from its late enlightenment-period origins. Two particular variants are highlighted: the original 18th-century Bildung, which focussed on helping the individual reach a state of agency and Mündigkeit (maturity), a late 20th-century critical theory-influenced Bildung, which focussed on the relationship between the growth of the individual and the society of which they are part. A brief consideration of the capabilities approach provides a context for this discussion of Bildung, with parallels to the capabilities approach noted in the course of outlining Bildung theories. It is suggested that due to their shared tenets, both variants of Bildung can be seen a single concept, one with a strong conceptual closeness to the capabilities approach.
When applied to social work, Bildung suggests a shift away from thinking about the person in terms of utilities and outcomes, towards instead an understanding of a person’s humanness in their freedom to choose their own path and become the author of their own life. To conclude, consequences for a Bildung-informed social work are considered. Four are highlighted: the role of the social worker stimulating the service user’s dispositions in the context of their social environment; shifting to a relationship-oriented practice, centring on direct work; utilizing community settings in practice and the importance of refraining from using guidance, persuasion and coercion
Hydrophobic Modification of Bentonite: Unravelling the Impacts of Aluminium Cation on Silica-Water Interface
No full textSilica, a predominant metal oxide and fundamental component of the Earth’s crust, exerts significant influence on diverse geochemical and industrial processes through its interactions with water. This study delves into the surface modification of bentonite clay, as a naturally occurring aluminosilicate source, via treatment with varied concentrations of Al(NO3)3, as a novel surface modification approach, and H2 SO4, as a control technique. The obtained results elucidated important alterations in micro-scale surface characteristics, colloidal stability, and rheological behaviour of the aqueous solutions derived from the modified bentonite samples. Zeta potential analyses showed shifts from a stable colloidal solution in untreated bentonite to heightened instability following aluminium nitrate (and acid) treatment(s). In addition, micro-scale surface analyses employing scanning electron microscope (SEM) with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) revealed significant changes, encompassing heightened degree of coagulation, caused by intensified neutralization, and diminished swelling capacities induced by surface modifications. EDS analysis validated cation exchange processes and intensified agglomeration with Al(NO3)3 treatment. Furthermore, the stability and rheological behaviour of resulting aqueous fluids demonstrated reduced stability in Al(NO3 )-treated samples, comparable to acid-treated samples, indicative of hydrophobic surfaces post-treatment. The findings highlighted the effectiveness of the applied treatment technique, emphasizing practical implications for surface-treated bentonite utilization in different environments. However, observed variations influenced by ion type and concentration prompt the imperative for further research to unveil specific mechanisms of treatment approaches on aluminosilicate systems. This endeavour contributes to advancing comprehension and optimization of silicate performance across diverse applications
Impact and Interaction of Polymers, NACL and Cellulose Particles on the Rheological Properties of Drilling Fluids under Conditions of Thermal and Mechanical Wear
No full textWater-based drilling fluids are often prepared by combining polymers for viscosity and filtration control and salts for inhibition and density into a freshwater or seawater base fluid. For certain drilling operations, the desired drilling fluid density may limit the potential concentrations of salts, whereas high temperature stability may still be required. In the following the interaction effects between polymers, salts and cellulose based particles on fluid viscosity and fluid loss, and any implications for optimising recipes for low density water-based drilling fluids are presented. The viscosity impact of xanthan gum and crosslinked starch were highly dependent on the presence of salts and cellulose particles when exposed to hot-rolling at 90°C. It was found that either cellulose particles or salts were needed for the xanthan gum and crosslinked starch to retain the viscosity impact after exposure to high temperatures and mechanical wear. In contrast, the viscosity impact of polyanionic cellulose showed less viscosity interaction effects in the presence of salts and cellulose particles. A statistically significant relationship between the calculated yield stress of the fluid and the API fluid loss was identified, indicating that a higher yield strength may lead to lower fluid loss. In the tests conducted with freshwater, the addition of a selected cellulose particle blend led to more stable fluid rheology, higher fluid yield strength and lower fluid loss. In general, the introduction of mechanical wear during the hot-rolling process was found to reduce the viscosity impact of the polymers in addition to the thermal degradation, thus indicating that the rheological stability of the fluid is dependent on grinding or shearing during circulation in the wellbore
IN TUNE or Colonized ART?
Get PDFThe expression \u27in tune\u27 is established among musicians and music lovers but is also used allegorically in other contexts. I present a multi-layered model of communication that can unveil the background and diverse logic establishing concepts we use on artefacts and their expressions. The model can be seen as a tilted version of Ogden\u27s triangle, where the fundamental element is the arbitrary connection between the sign and its expression. The model develops several layers of concepts to make an analysis of what colonized art is. Examples from music demonstrate that the expression \u27in tune\u27 is a colonized understanding of certain structures of scale systems developed within a historical and socioeconomic context. This kind of understanding makes adjustments to the intentions of a musical expression, as well as to the identification and interpretation of a musical performance.Update 14.12.2024: New file uploaded, with some corrections in footnotes
Welfare regimes and social workers\u27 conceptions of social problems and professional roles: - a comparative study of Chile, Ireland, Lithuania and Sweden
Get PDFThis article compares social work in countries representing four different welfare regimes: Chile, the Republic of Ireland (refer to elsewhere as ‘Ireland’), Lithuania and Sweden. The aim is to examine how social workers in different contexts refer to families’ complex needs, how contextual factors influence social workers’ positions and actions, and how they make sense of their work. Social workers in 15 focus groups, 4 per country except for Chile with 3, were interviewed about their conceptions of ‘family’, ‘families with complex needs’, and reasoning about interventions in relation to a fictitious complex case vignette. The understanding of complex needs appears relatively individualized in Chile and Lithuania, while contextual factors were more pronounced in the Irish and Swedish material. Chile, exemplifying a familialized family policy regime, reflects a poverty-compensatory social worker role that also supports familial reproduction; Ireland, a partly de-familialized regime, reflects a supportive and risk-reactive role; Lithuania, a re-familialized regime reflects a patriarchal risk-reducing role and Sweden, a de-familialized policy regime, reflects a rights-oriented and technocratic role. Welfare regimes shape different social work practice contexts. However, to some extent, social workers around the world share a common work ethos in how they, for the best interest of the people they work with, deal with the cross-pressure from social problems and political-ideological priorities
"Because Modern People Believe in New Skydaddy": Shifting Buddhist Identities and Authorities on Reddit
Get PDFOnline religion may challenge traditional forms of practice, ideas, values, hierarchies, and authorities. This article explores some of the complex ways in which Buddhism is practiced as a lived religion on the internet. It looks at three case studies from the subreddit /r/Buddhism on Reddit.com and uses these examples as springboards for a broader discussion of Buddhist identity, authority, and authenticityin the twenty-first century. The article also discusses recent relevant scholarship and suggests that Reddit is a valuable yet understudied source of insight into the lives of ordinary religious practitioners in the twenty-first century. The article in particular highlights how Reddit can be a source of insight into “the broad variety of articulations of religious identities, such as the stories of women, gay peopleand other groups whose voices have been marginalized in religious communities throughout history” (Lövheim 2012: 163)
Designing Emergent and Self-Organized Play Space
Get PDFIn this paper I will present a project for a ”play space” where I was asked to present a design for Stavanger Forum. This project is a good example of a self-organized and Template Algorithm design that triggers and attracts the Multiplicity design needed for a de-colonization.Update 14.12.2024: New file uploaded, with two new pictures and some ortographic corrections
For the Love of the Beloved: Peter Murphy’s Creative Use of Sufi tropes
Get PDFRock artist Peter Murphy (Bauhaus, Dali’s Car, solo) has drawn from Sufism in his lyrics since 1986. Throughout his career Murphy has been open about this but no one has analysed his lyrics before. This article illustrates and discusses how tropes from Sufi genres, such as poetry, hymns and tales, are reused and reformulated in the form of post-punk rock lyrics. Sufi tropes, combined with Murphy’s dramatic rock songs, empower him as a writer and enable him to create unusual, ambiguous, and dramatic lyrics. The songs rarely propagate Sufism; they are not Sufi songs and, indeed, are communicating primarily with an audience that cares little about his Sufi attachment. Nonetheless, by exposing the underlying Sufi frame his lyrics becomes more comprehensible. Murphy’s creatively carves out space for Sufism in a rock sub-culture otherwise know to flirt with nihilism. The article is accompanied by a Spotify playlist called "For the Love of the Beloved.
