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Ethics and Digital Transition
No full textInternational audienceThis book presents a study carried out by the IEEE-SMC French chapter on ethics and digital transformation in industry and society. Based on a survey of researchers in ICT, artificial intelligence (AI), as well as on presentation seminars, this study examines the various aspects that should be considered when assessing ethical principles in approaches to digital transition, particularly with regard to intelligent systems.Considering this, Ethics and Digital Transition presents the main technologies and uses of intelligent systems. Bringing together specialists from various fields, it explores the different dimensions of ethics that should be considered in the development of these systems, from the engineering sciences to law, sociology and philosophy. It also looks at the future challenges of ethics in the digital transition
In vitro anticancer activity of prodeoxyviolacein produced by Yarrowia lipolytica through fermentation and predicted pharmacological properties compared with violacein derivatives
No full textInternational audienceMicrobial dyes, known for their biological activities, have been considered as an eco-friendly alternative to the toxic chemicals widely used in various industrial fields such as food, pharmaceuticals, textiles, and cosmetics. The green dye prodeoxyviolacein was produced by fermentation using an engineered strain of the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica, extracted using a mixture of ethanol/water/acetic acid. Prodeoxyviolacein showed an antiproliferative effect against MCF-7 cancer cell line. The apoptotic and cell cycle arresting capacities of the dye applied at the IC50 concentration were then assessed. Prodeoxyviolacein dye increased early cell apoptosis by arresting cell cycle at the sub-G1 phase. Violacein derivatives displayed comparable bioavailability characteristics. Derivatives had various predicted targets, among which kinases were the main common enzyme group. Docking studies showed prodeoxyviolacein to bind to the active site of tyrosine kinase and protein kinase C used as the main cancer therapeutic targets. Although structurally close, only prodeoxyviolacein displayed predicted blood–brain barrier penetrability due to its lower molecular weight and topological polar surface area. This fact might favor its use in the development of drugs to treat brain tumors. Prodeoxyviolacein is a new promising anticancer candidate with favorable pharmacokinetic properties
Analysis of Wearable Force Myography Responses to Varied Perceived Exertion Levels During Power Grip
No full textInternational audienceIn this study, we present force myography (FMG) as an objective method for quantifying physical effort. We utilized a noninvasive wearable FMG sensor to capture the radial force exerted by muscles during contractions, and we evaluated the effectiveness of FMG in assessing varying perceived exertion levels. We found a strong correlation between FMG measurements and perceived exertion, which highlights its potential as an indicator of physical effort. Integrating FMG sensors could allow for monitoring of worker exertion, facilitating adjustments to workloads and the design of ergonomic tools and interfaces. Doing so could help identify risks of fatigue and musculoskeletal disorders and provide a valuable metric for refining job design and ergonomics assessments, ultimately contributing to healthier workplaces and enhanced worker productivity
Comparative study of raw Pinus sylvestris sawdust and its activated carbon for chemical oxygen demand and polyphenols removal from Olive Mill Wastewater
No full textInternational audienceThis study investigates the treatment of Olive Mill Wastewater through adsorption using Raw Sawdust and Activated Carbon derived from Pinus sylvestris sawdust. Adsorption efficiency was evaluated by adjusting key parameters such as pH, adsorbent dose, contact time, temperature, particle size, and stirring speed. Adsorption experiments were performed using One-Factor-At-a-Time and Box-Behnken design to determine the optimal conditions for chemical oxygen demand (COD) and polyphenols removal. The experimental results revealed COD and polyphenols removal efficiencies of 47% and 74% under different conditions. RS was impregnated with H3PO4 (72%) and carbonized at 600 °C to produce AC, which resulted in 83.74% polyphenol and 61.15% COD removal under optimal conditions: pH 12, 0.62 g adsorbent, and 4 h contact time. The activation process greatly improved the adsorptive performance of raw sawdust, leading to a significant enhancement in adsorption capacities (Qe). For chemical oxygen demand, the capacity increased from 400 mg/g with RS to 3145 mg/g with activated carbon, while for polyphenols, it improved from 38 mg/g to 250 mg/g. Desorption experiments yielded competitive recovery rates of 92% for COD and 24% for polyphenols. The adsorption mechanism was validated through isothermal and kinetic evaluation, showing that COD removal followed a pseudo-second-order model with monolayer adsorption described by the Langmuir isotherm. In contrast, polyphenol adsorption adhered to a pseudo-first-order model with multilayer adsorption described by the Freundlich isotherm. These findings highlight the superior efficiency of AC compared to RS, offering a sustainable and cost-effective solution for olive mill wastewater treatment
Design of a Hybrid ANPC Three Level Inverter for High Speed Bearingless Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines
No full textInternational audienceThis paper presents an experimental validated Hybrid ANPC Three Level Inverter for High Speed Bearingless Motors. The design process and implementation of the hybrid ANPC inverter system considers the requirements for power electronics set by the Bearingless PMSM
Comparative Soft Switching Analysis of Star-Star and Star-Delta Connected Transformer Three-Phase Dual Active Bridge DC-DC Converter
No full textInternational audienceThis article discusses the soft switching performance of three-phase DAB converters with star-star and star-delta transformers. It explores how different transformer combinations can maintain soft switching under high voltage differences and light loads, supported by theoretical models and PSIM simulation
Zero Current Modulation Control Strategy for Dual Active Bridge Dynamic Operation
No full textInternational audienceThis paper presents a novel approach to the operation of the DAB topology. It reformulates known switching patterns for real-time computation of the analytical expressions, allowing dynamic power changes and start-up capability with 0V on one side. The approach is systematically derived, with selection logic and laboratory results provided
Active Damping Strategies for Mitigating Resonances in Offshore Wind Farms: A Comparative Study of PWM and SHEPWM
No full textInternational audienceThis paper presents an active damping strategy to mitigate resonances in offshore wind farms caused by the parasitic capacitance of submarine cables, which challenge system stability and grid code compliance. The proposed method emulates a virtual impedance damping the wide range of resonances that appear in offshore wind farms, depending on its configuration and number of turbines connected. Its effectiveness is evaluated for two modulation techniques: PWM and selective harmonic elimination PWM. PWM generates predictable harmonic content outside the resonance range, enabling robust damping of resonances. In contrast, selective harmonic elimination PWM-though optimized to eliminate the harmonics in the resonance frequency range-introduces distortion in this range due to modulation-control interactions in closed-loop operation. This distortion demands excessive corrective action from the AD, limiting its practicality. The strategy and its results are validated through simulation
Harmonic Current Injection Method for Torque Ripple Suppression over Wide Speed Range Considering Magnetic Saturation in PMSMs
No full textInternational audienceWe propose a flux-based harmonic current injection method that accounts for magnetic saturation to suppress torque ripple in permanent magnet synchronous motors feedforwardly. The key feature of the proposed method is converting a harmonic-current command into a flux command by pre-acquired nonlinear flux information and converting the flux command into voltage commands through an approximate equation. Numerical simulations demonstrate that this method reduces 12thorder torque ripple by over 70% within a wide frequency range. Experimental results indicate that the amplitude and phase errors of the injected harmonic flux can be held to as low as 0.2% and 2.9°, respectively, even without additional feedback control for harmonics
Enhanced Optimization of Power Modules Considering Static and Dynamic Losses Using Fully Coupled RLCG Matrices for Superior Thermal and Electrical Performance
No full textInternational audienceThis paper presents an advanced, fully automatic placement optimisation method to find an optimised physical design that showed improved thermal performance. The primary optimisation objective is to reduce temperature differences in parallel SiC MOSFET devices. This is done using fully coupled resistance, inductance, conductance, and capacitance matrices to simulate accurate time domain waveforms in an automated, novel optimisation approach. The proposed method replaces modelling power modules using simple parasitic models and enables the integration of switching losses into optimisation. The paper demonstrates that temperature differences can be significantly reduced from 7.72 K to 2.52 K between parallel SiC MOSFETs. The study emphasises that simple parasitic models, commonly found in datasheets, are no longer adequate for describing power module behaviour, and more enhanced models are necessary