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    11652 research outputs found

    DC Series Arc Fault Detection with LCL-Type Boost Converter

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    International audienceThe damaged and loose connector can induce the DC series arc fault condition. Previously, the frequency domain analysis using PV current, such as Fourier transform and wavelet transform, was widely employed for the series arc fault detection. However, performance of arc fault detection is not consistent according to system configurations. This paper investigates the DC series arc fault capability using the frequency spectrum analysis according to the impedance of power converter. From the characteristics of arc fault condition, the boost converter using LCL-type filter can clarify the arc fault condition in the frequency domain analysis. The experimental results using 800-W prototype converter can verify the frequency spectrum change at the arc fault condition with the proposed converter with LCL-type filter

    Adaptative Resonant Tank of Bidirectional CLLC Resonant Converters for Electric Vehicle Charging Applications

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    International audienceThis paper focuses on optimizing the design of CLLC converters for asymmetric bidirectional operation, a critical requirement in electric vehicle (EV) charging systems. Previous research has shown that CLLC converters are effective due to their soft-switching characteristic, achieving high performance in terms of efficiency and power density. However, challenges remain in optimizing their operation for bidirectional power flow, particularly for wide voltage and load applications such as vehicle-to-grid (V2G). To address this, we evaluate a novel approach that adds a parallel inductor to the primary side of the resonant tank in reverse operation to improve the gain characteristics and efficiency. The research uses theoretical analysis and simulations. The results show a resonant converter capable of meeting the requirements of a wide voltage and load range application without compromising the performance of the main operating mode, all while keeping the magnetizing/leakage inductance relation within the design criteria for integrated transformers

    Decomposition of HD-sEMG signals using CCA for muscle resilience evaluation

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    Visible‐Light Photo‐Iniferter Polymerization of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Direct Integration with Nanotransducers

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    International audienceMolecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIPs) have gained prominence as synthetic receptors, combining simplicity of synthesis with robust molecular recognition akin to antibodies and enzymes. One of their main application areas is chemical sensing. However, direct integration of MIPs with nanostructured transducers, crucial for enhancing sensing capabilities and broadening MIPs sensing applications, remains limited. This limitation mainly arises from the need for precise control over the MIP features (such as thickness) during deposition on nanostructured transducers. This work explores the potential of depositing MIPs directly onto nanostructured transducers via controlled radical photopolymerization, focusing on nanoporous silica (PSiO 2 ) with pore sizes of 40 nm and aspect ratio exceeding 100 as an interferometric optical nanotransducer. Leveraging the covalent attachment of a photo-iniferter agent onto the PSiO 2 surface, we achieved effective control over the polymerization process, resulting in the deposition of thin and uniform MIP layers on PSiO 2 . As a case study, we developed an MIP-based PSiO 2 optical sensor for propranolol, used as the template molecule, showcasing excellent linearity, a low detection limit, and efficacy in real matrices such as tap water. The results further demonstrate the sensor selectivity for the target molecule, along with its reusability and stability for at least 60 days.</div

    Chirurgie 4.0. Intégration des salles multimodalités et des robots chirurgicaux au bloc opératoire : perspectives et innovations

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    The Operating rooms are advancing toward Surgery 4.0, a transformation inspired by Industry 4.0 and driven by technologies such as Artificial Intelligence, the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT), surgical robots, advanced imaging, and digital twins. These innovations modernize operating rooms, delivering safer and more precise healthcare while enhancing the experience of healthcare professionals. Multimodal rooms and surgical robots are revolutionizing surgical practice by increasing precision in interventions, reducing postoperative complications, and optimizing the management of complex cases. However, their implementation poses challenges, including adapting infrastructures, securing medical data, ensuring interoperability of connected medical devices, and adhering to strict regulations.Le bloc opératoire évolue vers la chirurgie 4.0, une transformation inspirée par l’Industrie 4.0 et reposant sur des technologies telles que l’intelligence artificielle, l’Internet des objets médicaux (IoMT), les robots chirurgicaux, l’imagerie avancée et les jumeaux numériques. Ces outils modernisent le bloc opératoire, offrant des soins plus sûrs et plus efficaces tout en améliorant l'expérience des professionnels de santé. Les salles multimodalité et les robots chirurgicaux révolutionnent la pratique en augmentant la précision des interventions, réduisant les complications post opératoires et optimisant la gestion des cas complexes. Toutefois, leur mise en œuvre présente des défis importants, notamment l’adaptation des infrastructures, la sécurisation des données médicales, l’intégration interopérable des dispositifs connectés et le respect de cadres réglementaires stricts

    Les technologies d'exploration fonctionnelle respiratoire

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    This document discusses the technologies of functional respiratory exploration (EFR), crucial for the diagnosis and management of respiratory diseases such as COPD and asthma. The guide is intended for biomedical engineers in particular, to assist them in the evaluation, use and integration of these medical devices in a clinical setting. It details respiratory physiology, including lung anatomy and pulmonary capacities and volumes, to understand the foundational knowledge necessary for interpreting EFR. The primary EFR techniques discussed include spirometry, plethysmography, and arterial blood gas analysis, each providing vital information about patients' respiratory capabilities. The project also emphasizes the importance of these technologies in the care pathway, integrating innovations like 3D spirometry and pulmonary MRI with hyperpolarized gases to enhance diagnostic accuracy and treatment of respiratory diseases. By exploring restrictive and obstructive pathologies, the document illustrates how EFRs are integrated into clinical management and patient follow-up, highlighting their critical role in the care of respiratory diseases in France.Ce document traite des technologies d'exploration fonctionnelle respiratoire (EFR), essentielles pour le diagnostic et la gestion des maladies respiratoires telles que la BPCO et l'asthme. Le rapport est destiné aux ingénieurs biomédicaux en particulier, afin de les guider dans l’évaluation, l’utilisation et l’intégration de ces dispositifs médicaux dans un cadre clinique. Il détaille la physiologie respiratoire, y compris l'anatomie pulmonaire et les capacités et volumes pulmonaires, pour comprendre les bases nécessaires à l'interprétation des EFR. Les techniques principales d'EFR incluent la spirométrie, la pléthysmographie et la gazométrie artérielle, chacune fournissant des informations vitales sur les capacités respiratoires des patients. Le projet souligne également l'importance de ces technologies dans le parcours de soins, en intégrant les innovations comme la spirométrie 3D et la tomographie d'impédance électrique, pour améliorer la précision diagnostique et le traitement des maladies respiratoires. En explorant les pathologies restrictives et obstructives, le document illustre comment les EFR s'insèrent dans la gestion clinique et le suivi des patients, soulignant ainsi leur rôle dans la prise en charge des maladies respiratoires en France

    Conception de réacteurs discontinus à l'échelle du laboratoire pour la digestion anaérobie en milieu solide : comparaison pratique entre les digesteurs imprimés en 3D et les méthodes conventionnelles

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    International audienceSolid-state anaerobic digestion (SS-AD) is a promising technology for treating organic waste and producing renewable energy. This study explores the feasibility of using 3D printing to rapidly design cost-effective laboratory-scale digesters for optimization experiments. Batch reactors were designed using fused deposition modeling (FDM) with polylactic acid (PLA) and stereolithography (SLA) with High Temp V2 resin. PLA had a negligible impact on methane yields, while raw SLA resin positively influenced methanogenic potential, likely due to residual isopropanol used in post-processing, causing a 19% increase in CH4 yield. The performance of the 3D-printed reactors was compared to that of a conventionally machined PMMA reactor using cattle manure as a substrate, showing comparable methane yields and process stability. Three-dimensional printing technologies have demonstrated remarkable efficiency in designing laboratory-scale digesters, with a 70% cost reduction for SLA technology and an 80% reduction in design time compared to conventional reactors designed by plastics processing, while maintaining comparable biogas production. FDM technologies with PLA have shown that they are not suitable for these uses. This study demonstrates the potential of additive manufacturing to accelerate SS-AD research and development. However, care must be taken in material selection and post-processing to avoid introducing experimental bias.La digestion anaérobie à l'état solide (SS-AD) est une technologie prometteuse pour le traitement des déchets organiques et la production d'énergie renouvelable. Cette étude explore la faisabilité de l'utilisation de l'impression 3D pour concevoir rapidement des digesteurs rentables à l'échelle du laboratoire pour des expériences d'optimisation. Des réacteurs discontinus ont été conçus à l'aide de la technologie FDM avec de l'acide polylactique (PLA) et de la stéréolithographie (SLA) avec la résine High Temp V2. Le PLA a eu un impact négligeable sur les rendements en méthane, tandis que la résine SLA brute a influencé positivement le potentiel méthanogène, probablement en raison de l'isopropanol résiduel utilisé dans le post-traitement, entraînant une augmentation de 19 % du rendement en CH4. Les performances des réacteurs imprimés en 3D ont été comparées à celles d'un réacteur en PMMA usiné de manière conventionnelle, utilisant du fumier de bovins comme substrat, et ont montré des rendements en méthane et une stabilité du processus comparables. Les technologies d'impression tridimensionnelle ont fait preuve d'une efficacité remarquable dans la conception de digesteurs à l'échelle du laboratoire, avec une réduction de 70 % des coûts pour la technologie SLA et une réduction de 80 % du temps de conception par rapport aux réacteurs conventionnels conçus par transformation des matières plastiques, tout en maintenant une production de biogaz comparable. Les technologies FDM avec PLA ont montré qu'elles n'étaient pas adaptées à ces utilisations. Cette étude démontre le potentiel de la fabrication additive pour accélérer la recherche et le développement en matière de SS-AD. Toutefois, il convient d'être prudent dans la sélection des matériaux et le post-traitement afin d'éviter d'introduire un biais expérimental

    Atelier 1 - Reconnaissance automatique de texte (ATR): Atelier "Créer une édition scientifique numérique"

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    Présentation pour l'atelier ObTIC du 17 janvier 2025 "Reconnaissance automatique de texte (ATR)" de la série d'ateliers "Créer une édition scientifique numérique"Ce premier atelier est dédié à la reconnaissance automatique de texte, discipline en constante évolution qui permet aujourd’hui, à l’aide de modèles entraînés, d’acquérir efficacement et rapidement une version lisible par machine d’un corpus de textes. Après une présentation de la discipline, l’atelier fera mettre en pratique ce qui a été mentionné, en appliquant des modèles de segmentation et de transcription, sur les corpus Gallica que l'on travaillera, afin d’obtenir une version exploitable ensuite

    Magnetic/Ceramic Multi-material processed by LPBF additive manufacturing

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    Electric motors are composed of laminated sheets of FeSi3, separated by insulating polymer layers. The ferromagnetic material FeSi6.5 has lower magnetic losses than FeSi3, making it a promising candidate for the manufacture of electric motors. However, its high silicon content complicates its production by conventional lamination processes. Additive manufacturing offers a viable alternative, but it is currently limited to single-material structures. Research on multi-material additive manufacturing is still in its early stages. The challenge is to manufacture laminated electric motors using additive manufacturing with thin ceramic insulating layers and FeSi6.5 layers. We have developed a system to modify our LPBF machine for bi-material processes and to optimize the ceramic/metal interface.International audienceElectric motors are composed of laminated sheets ofFeSi3, separated by insulating polymer layers. The ferromagneticmaterial FeSi6.5 has lower magnetic losses than FeSi3, making it apromising candidate for the manufacture of electric motors. However,its high silicon content complicates its production by conventionallamination processes. Additive manufacturing offers a viablealternative, but it is currently limited to single-material structures.Research on multi-material additive manufacturing is still in its earlystages. The challenge is to manufacture laminated electric motors usingadditive manufacturing with thin ceramic insulating layers and FeSi6.5layers. We have developed a system to modify our LPBF machine forbi-material processes and to optimize the ceramic/metal interface

    Dissonances et variations des socialisations politiques des ingénieur·es écologistes

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