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Degradation Modes estimation tool for Second life Li-ion batteries with inhomogeneous lithium distribution
No full textInternational audienceAccurately identifying the sources and rates of degradation in Li-ion batteries is crucial for predicting and mitigating their aging process. A diagnostic tool is presented in this study that can estimate the Degradation Modes (DMs) of Li-ion batteries using the Incremental Capacity Analysis (ICA) technique. To improve the precision of the DMs estimation tool, the software also considers an estimation of the inhomogeneous loss of cyclable lithium within the negative electrode. A range of second life Li-ion batteries with Graphite/NMC622 chemistry was tested in order to evaluate the performance of the diagnostic tool, enabling the comparison of their respective aging characteristics. The results demonstrate that the diagnostic tool provides an effective mean of characterizing and predicting the aging of Li-ion batteries, offering valuable insights into the behavior and performance of these critical energy storage systems
Comment l'élastographie par résonance magnétique (ERM) peut fournir des propriétés mécaniques en complément du diagnostic du poumon par scanner ?
No full textInternational audienc
Système de recommandations basé sur les contraintes pour les simulations de gestion de crise
No full textNational audienceIn the context of the evacuation of populations, some citizens/volunteers may want and be able to participate in the evacuation of populations in difficulty by coming to lend a hand to emergency/evacuation vehicles with their own vehicles. One way of framing these impulses of solidarity would be to be able to list in real-time the citizens/volunteers available with their vehicles (land, sea, air, etc.), to be able to geolocate them according to the risk areas to be evacuated, and adding them to the evacuation/rescue vehicles. Because it is difficult to propose an effective real-time operational system on the field in a real crisis situation, in this work, we propose to add a module for recommending driver/vehicle pairs (with their specificities) to a system of crisis management simulation. To do that, we chose to model and develop an ontology-supported constraint-based recommender system for crisis management simulations.Dans le cadre de l'évacuation des populations, certains citoyens/bénévoles peuvent et souhaitent participer à l'évacuation des populations en difficulté en venant prêter main-forte aux véhicules d'urgence/évacuation avec leurs propres véhicules. Une manière de cadrer ces élans de solidarité serait de pouvoir répertorier en temps réel les citoyens/bénévoles disponibles avec leurs véhicules (terrestres, maritimes, aériennes, etc.), de pouvoir les géolocaliser en fonction des zones à risques à évacuer et de les ajouter aux véhicules d'évacuation. Parce qu'il est difficile de proposer un système opérationnel temps réel efficace sur le terrain en situation de crise réelle, nous proposons dans ce travail d'ajouter un module de recommandation de couples conducteur/véhicule (avec leurs spécificités) à un système de simulation de gestion de crise. Pour ce faire, nous avons choisi de modéliser et de développer un système de recommandations basé sur des contraintes s'appuyant sur une ontologie pour les simulations de gestion de crise
Robust control scheme based on an uncertainty and disturbance estimator for a quadrotor with motor failures
No full textInternational audienceThis paper proposes a new robust fault tolerant control architecture based on a disturbance observer. The control architecture is composed by a nominal controller and a rotor's fault observer capable to identify and estimate motors' degradation performance. Besides, is designed for a quadrotor vehicle and validated in critical and non critical motors' failures. For both failure cases, each motor performance is analyzed to counteracted the failure and restore the system stability. If the practical stability is not recovered (critical case) a control reconfiguration is performed for safe landing. Experimental tests are carried out in real time to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed architecture when confronting the stability of the system with aggressive disturbances or uncertainties
Simultaneous quantification of trehalose and trehalose 6-phosphate by hydrophilic interaction chromatography/electrospray accurate mass spectrometry with application in non-targeted metabolomics
No full textInternational audienceHigh resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) was coupled with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (uHPLC) to simultaneously quantify Trehalose and Trehalose 6-phosphate without derivatization or sample preparation. The use of full scan mode and exact mass analysis also makes it possible to carry out metabolomic analyses as well as semiquantification. In addition, the use of different clusters in negative mode makes it possible to compensate for deficiencies in linearity and inerrant saturation at time-of-flight detectors. The method has been approved and validated for different matrices, yeasts and bacteria, and has shown differentiation between bacteria as a function of growth temperatures
« Facility Management » selon les recommandations de la norme NF EN 41001 : 2018
No full textWell-being at work is one of the most requested claims within organizations, as it is a concept that goes beyond the physical health of employees to integrate satisfaction and sense of accomplishment, it serves not only for the fulfillment of employees but also for improving performance. In this card a standard, NF EN ISO 41001 : 2018 – Facility Management, has been published to help all organizations to adopt this concept of Facility Management again. In order to do this, it is necessary to start with understanding the standard in its entirety, study its context and immerse oneself in its recommendations. For this purpose, management tools are proposed in this thesis to help these organizations to set up a compliant Facility Management system.Le bien-être au travail est l'une des réclamations les plus demandées au sein des organismes car c'est un concept qui va au-delà de la santé physique des employés vers l'intégration, la satisfaction et le sentiment d'accomplissement. Il sert non seulement à l'épanouissement des employés mais aussi à l'amélioration de leurs performances. Dans ce cadre, la norme NF EN ISO 41001 : 2018-Facility Management, a été publiée afin d'aider tous les organismes à adopter de nouveau ce concept de Facility Management. Pour ce faire, il est nécessaire d'abord de comprendre la norme dans sa globalité, d'étudier son contexte et de s'imprégner de ses recommandations. Pour ceci, des outils de managements sont proposés au sein de ce mémoire afin d'aider ces organismes à monter un système de Facility Management conforme
Use of instant controlled pressure drop technology for the preservation of edible insects’ (yellow mealworm) quality: assessment of microbial inactivation
No full textInternational audienceThe world population is expanding, and with it, so is the need for proteins for the food and feed sectors. Conventional livestock production is correlated with negative environmental repercussions such as global warming, land degradation, and biodiversity loss. The nutritional content of edible insects is comparable to that of conventional meat, and insect farming offers various environmental advantages over livestock production, making it a favorable sustainable protein resource. However, to be placed on the market, insects should be processed, and their microbial load should be within the accepted range of the European Commission regulation (EU) 2021/882. The purpose of this research is to investigate the use of instant controlled pressure drop (DIC) technology for the microbial inactivation of yellow mealworm larvae. This innovative decontamination treatment was compared to blanching in hot water, the conventional processing method. We also investigated the impacts on enzymatic browning. Results showed that the application of rapid (20 s) DIC treatment at 0.3 MPa allowed reducing the total aerobic count and the total yeast and mold count of larvae below the thresholds authorized by the commission regulation. Pressure, temperature, and number of cycle factors were found to have significant effects on the decontamination, while the treatment time had no effect for most treatments. In regard to blanching, we were able to get the authorized load at 90 °C for 360 s. Decimal reduction times for DIC and blanching treatments were found to be 3.8 s and 67.8 s for total aerobic count, and 3 s and 57 s for total yeast and mold count, respectively. Furthermore, DIC-treated larvae showed a significant increase in juice color brightness, which could be traced back to the oxidative enzymatic inactivation of larvae, whereas there was a slight difference between blanched and untreated larvae juice colors
Electrospinning of ultrafine non-hydrolyzed silk sericin/PEO fibers on PLA : a bilayer scaffold fabrication
No full textInternational audienceWe report the feasibility of electrospinning of protein-polymer multilayered scaffolds with selected materials: non-hydrolyzed silk sericin (SS), polyethylene oxide (PEO) and polylactic acid (PLA), with tuned fiber size and properties for each layer. We present an innovative way for the electrospinning (ES) of non-hydrolyzed SS with PEO yielding fibers with an average diameter ranging between 120 nm and 150 nm. Different SS:PEO ratios have been electrospun to study the effect of the concentration of silk sericin protein on the fibers size and shape, as well and their electrospinnability. Electrospun SS:PEO fibers display weak to no mechanical resistance (non-measurable) their deposition onto a sturdier scaffold is necessary to allow their use in biomedical and/or pharmaceutical fields. Therefore, bilayer scaffolds were fabricated with PLA support and SS:PEO fibers obtained from the optimized SS:PEO ratio (1.2:4). They are composed of hydrophobic layer of PLA fibers and a layer of sticky hydrophilic SS:PEO fibers. Scaffolds were characterized extensively by Fourier Transforms Infra-Red (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and their resistance to mechanical stress. Finally, hydrophobicity of both layers has been determined by measuring the contact angle of water droplets on the scaffolds, further proving the bilayer nature of the scaffolds
Bone : the only smart and sustainable living material
No full textInternational audienceThe objective was to present the mechanical, morphological and physico-chemical properties of bone explaining why this living material is a smart and sustainable technological system. In fact, that bone is a living material which is able to repare itself when it breaks and the only material which provides proof of existence of human being or vertebrate for more than millions of years. Meanwhile, nature and animals are source of bioinspiration for sustainable technologies, smart human living systems should also be of interest
La modération abusive sur Twitter: Étude de cas sur l’invisibilisation des contenus LGBT et TDS en ligne
No full textInternational audienceBien que les entreprises du web affirment soutenir une politique inclusive en matière de modération de contenus et qu’elles affirment s’engager dans la lutte contre la haine en ligne, elles sont régulièrement accusées de censure à l’encontre de communautés minorisées. Cet article étudie la façon dont les dispositifs de modération des réseaux sociaux numériques (en particulier Twitter) affectent les régimes de visibilité des LGBT et des travailleurs et travailleuses du sexe en ligne. L’étude s’appuie sur une approche en méthodes numériques dédiée au repérage et à la collecte de tweets supprimés afin de permettre la formulation d'hypothèses relatives à ce qui a suscité les suppressions conduisant à une censure abusive. Elle explore, en particulier, l’hypothèse selon laquelle certains mots-clés référant à une culture sexuelle et de genre suscitent une modération automatisée en raison de leur caractère injurieux