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Outil de calcul en ETP du temps de maintenance préventive
No full textA tool for calculating FTE (Full Time Equivalent) allows for the evaluation of the workload of biomedical technicians, taking into account various factors such as the number of medical devices to manage or the complexity of these equipment.The creation and use of such a tool are essential for effective human resource management and an accurate assessment of internal workload distribution. This contributes to determining and justifying a healthcare facility’s maintenance policy.This allows for highlighting the workload and capacity of the department while incorporating cost optimization and adjusting the number of contracts to control preventive maintenance for a fleet of medical devices.Un outil de calcul d’ETP permet d’évaluer la charge de travail des techniciens biomédicaux en prenant en compte divers facteurs comme le nombre de DM à gérer ou la complexité de ces équipements. La création et l’utilisation d’un tel outil sont primordiaux pour une gestion efficace des ressources humaines et une évaluation précise de la répartition du travail en interne. Contribuant à déterminer et justifier une politique de maintenance d’un établissement de santé. Ceci permettant de mettre en évidence la charge et la capacité de travail du service tout en intégrant l’optimisation des coûts et en adaptant le nombre de contrats pour maîtriser les maintenances préventives d’un parc de dispositifs médicaux
Knowledge Graph Enhanced Contextualized Attention-Based Network for Responsible User-Specific Recommendation
No full textInternational audienceWith the ever-increasing dataset size and data storage capacity, there is a strong need to build systems that can effectively utilize these vast datasets to extract valuable information. Large datasets often exhibit sparsity and pose cold start problems, necessitating the development of responsible recommender systems. Knowledge graphs have utility in responsibly representing information related to recommendation scenarios. However, many studies overlook explicitly encoding contextual information, which is crucial for reducing the bias of multi-layer propagation. Additionally, existing methods stack multiple layers to encode high-order neighbor information, while disregarding the relational information between items and entities. This oversight hampers their ability to capture the collaborative signal latent in user-item interactions. This is particularly important in health informatics, where knowledge graphs consist of various entities connected to items through different relations. Ignoring the relational information renders them insufficient for modeling user preferences. This work presents an end-to-end recommendation framework named Knowledge Graph Enhanced Contextualized Attention-Based Network (KGCAN). It explicitly encodes both relational and contextual information of entities to preserve the original entity information. Furthermore, a user-specific attention mechanism is employed to capture personalized recommendations. The proposed model is validated on three benchmark datasets through extensive experiments. The experimental results demonstrate that KGCAN outperforms existing KG-based recommendation models. Additionally, a case study from the healthcare domain is discussed, highlighting the importance of attention mechanisms and high-order connectivity in the responsible recommendation system for health informatics
Évolution du parcours patient insuffisant cardiaque grâce aux dispositifs médicaux implantables
No full textCardiovascular diseases are among the most common conditions in France. In order to treat and improve the quality of life for those affected, researches are made to create new technologies and innovations less invasive. Among these we distinguish : new active leadless defibrillators, miniaturized pacemakers such as the MICRA, or even a new less invasive alternative to replacement of the aortic or mitral valve with the TAVI and the MitraClip. These technologies definitely improve the way patients are treated.However, despite promising advances, some of them do not really present any added value, particularly in the eyes of caregivers. Plus there are numerous difficulties in terms of cost, accessibility and duration of release of those new devices. Thus, today, collaboration between industries and health workers is essential so that future devices meet the real needs on the ground, guaranteeing a certain quality of future cardiovascular care.Les maladies cardiovasculaires sont l’une des affections les plus représentées en France. Afin de soigner et d’améliorer la qualité de vie des personnes touchées, de nombreuses avancées médicales font émerger de nouvelles technologies et innovations des plus novatrices et de moins en moins invasives. Parmi celles-ci on distingue : les nouveaux défibrillateurs actifs sans sonde endocavitaire, les pacemakers miniaturisés, ou encore une nouvelle alternative moins invasive au remplacement de la valve aortique ou mitrale avec le TAVI et le MitraClip. Ces technologies permettent une réelle évolution dans la qualité de la prise en charge des patients. Toutefois, malgré des avancées prometteuses, toutes ne présentent pas réellement de plus-value notamment au yeux des praticiens. S’ajoutent à cela de nombreux freins en termes de coût, d’accessibilité et de temps de démocratisation de l’utilisation des nouveaux dispositifs. Ainsi, aujourd’hui, une collaboration entre les industries et le personnel de santé est indispensable afin que les dispositifs futurs répondent aux besoins réels du terrain, garantissant une certaine qualité des soins cardiovasculaires futurs
Pd nanoparticles embedded in nanolignin (Pd@LNP) as a water dispersible catalytic nanoreactor for Cr(VI), 4-nitrophenol reduction and C C coupling reactions
No full textInternational audienceThe use of water-dispersible and sustainable Pd nanocatalysts to reduce toxic heavy metal ions and catalyze important organic reactions has profound significance for the environmental remediation and the catalytic industry. In this work, a novel water-dispersible and recyclable Pd@LNPs nanoreactor composed of Pd nanoparticle cluster core and LNPs shell was developed in microwave reactor in aqueous solution. It turned out that Pd nanoparticles grew uniformly and stably inside LNPs nanosphere due to the coordinated binding and interaction between Pd and the functional groups in LNPs, which was significantly different from surface loading. The green and biodegradable LNPs nanospheres are not only used as reducing agents for Pd (II) and nanocarriers, but also act as individual nanocontainers to provide favorable sites for reactions and effectively control the entry and release of reactants and products. Furthermore, the excellent and efficient catalytic properties of Pd@LNPs were exhibited by Csingle bondC coupling reactions and the reduction of Cr(VI) and 4-nitrophenol. The Pd@LNPs prepared in this study have the advantages of excellent dispersion, great recyclability, high turnover frequency and better green sustainability metrics. It will have a great significance for the development of the potential high-value of lignin and the progress in the field of bio-nanocatalysts
Évaluation numérique et expérimentale de la magnétostriction sur les vibrations des transformateurs à grains orientés
No full textInternational audienceThe quality of the magnetic material influences the acoustic noise emitted by transformer cores. This noise isgenerated by vibrations resulting from the effects of Maxwell forces, occurring in the joints, and from the magnetostrictioneffects. This paper focuses on predicting the mechanical vibrations, solely due to magnetostriction. To do that, it specificallyanalyses a magnetic circuit without joints. The results are obtained using advanced finite element simulations inelectromagnetism and mechanical engineering in both 2D and 3D, taking into account the magnetic and mechanical propertiesof materials, as well as noise measurement experiments on jointless frames.La qualité du matériau magnétique influence le bruit acoustique émis par les des noyaux de transformateurs . Cebruit est généré par les vibrations résultant des effets des forces de Maxwell présentes dans les joints et de la magnétostriction.Cet article se concentre sur la prédiction des vibrations mécaniques de ce noyaux, mais uniquement celles dues aux forcesd’origine magnétostrictives. Pour ce faire, il s’appuie sur un circuit magnétique sans joints. Les résultats sont obtenus à l'aidede simulations avancées par éléments finis en électromagnétisme et en mécanique en 2D et en 3D, prenant en compte lespropriétés magnétiques et mécaniques des matériaux, ainsi qu’une série de mesures de vibrations sur ces cadres sans joints
« L’empire portugais d’Asie dans la Flora Sinensis de Boym (1656) : acteurs, espaces et représentations »
No full textInternational audiencePublished in Vienna in 1656, the Flora Sinensis of Father Boym (1612-1659) is a composite work that combines intellectual and political issues, as well as knowledge about plants, animals and medicine. We know that Boym illustrated his book and maps with depictions of animals from Chinese painting manuals like the Tuhui zongyi. By studying the representations of plants, we will show that Boym also reused botanical illustrations published in works on medicine and nature from the Portuguese empire in Asia. The traces of this Portuguese influence circulating through books echo the information that Boym acquired from the people he encountered on his travels between Portugal, Mozambique, India and China. We will see that Flora Sinensis brings together information acquired on Portuguese land, with Portuguese people, with their contacts or their slaves, and expressed in the Portuguese language.Publiée à Vienne en 1656, la Flora Sinensis du père Boym (1612-1659) est un ouvrage composite qui mêle des enjeux savants et politiques, des savoirs sur les plantes, les animaux et la médecine. Nous savons que Boym a illustré son livre et ses cartes avec des représentations d’animaux tirées de manuels de peinture chinois comme le Tuhui zongyi. En étudiant les représentations de plantes, nous montrerons que Boym a aussi réemployé des illustrations de botanique publiées dans des ouvrages sur la médecine et la nature de l’empire portugais d’Asie. Les traces de cette influence portugaise circulant par les livres font écho aux informations transmises par les acteurs rencontrés sur le terrain au gré des voyages de Boym, entre le Portugal, le Mozambique, l’Inde et la Chine. Nous verrons que la Flora Sinensis rassemble des informations acquises en terrain portugais, avec des Portugais, avec leurs contacts ou leurs esclaves, et exprimées en langue portugaise
Transcriptomic profiling analysis of the effect of palmitic acid on 3D spheroids of β-like cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells
No full textInternational audienceType 2 diabetes (T2D) is posing a serious public health concern with a considerable impact on human life and health expenditures worldwide. The disease develops when insulin plasma level is insufficient for coping insulin resistance, caused by the decline of pancreatic β-cell function and mass. In β-cells, the lipotoxicity exerted by saturated free fatty acids in particular palmitate (PA), which is chronically elevated in T2D, plays a major role in β-cell dysfunction and mass. However, there is a lack of human relevant in vitro model to identify the underlying mechanism through which palmitate induces β-cell failure. In this frame, we have previously developed a cutting-edge 3D spheroid model of β-like cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells. In the present work, we investigated the signaling pathways modified by palmitate in β-like cells derived spheroids. When compared to the 2D monolayer cultures, the transcriptome analysis (FDR set at 0.1) revealed that the 3D spheroids upregulated the pancreatic markers (such as GCG, IAPP genes), lipids metabolism and transporters (CD36, HMGSC2 genes), glucose transporter (SLC2A6). Then, the 3D spheroids are exposed to PA 0.5 mM for 72 h. The differential analysis demonstrated that 32 transcription factors and 135 target genes were mainly modulated (FDR set at 0.1) including the upregulation of lipid and carbohydrates metabolism (HMGSC2, LDHA, GLUT3), fibrin metabolism (FGG, FGB), apoptosis (CASP7). The pathway analysis using the 135 selected targets extracted the fibrin related biological process and wound healing in 3D PA treated conditions. An overall pathway gene set enrichment analysis, performed on the overall gene set (with pathway significance cutoff at 0.2), highlighted that PA perturbs the citrate cycle, FOXO signaling and Hippo signaling as observed in human islets studies. Additional RT-PCR confirmed induction of inflammatory (IGFBP1, IGFBP3) and cell growth (CCND1, Ki67) pathways by PA. All these changes were associated with unaffected glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), suggesting that they precede the defect of insulin secretion and death induced by PA. Overall, we believe that our data demonstrate the potential of our spheroid 3D islet-like cells to investigate the pancreatic-like response to diabetogenic environment
Decolonizing Federated Learning: Designing Fair and Responsible Resource Allocation: Position Paper
No full textInternational audienceThis position paper explores the challenges, existing solutions, and open issues related to resource allocation in federated learning environments. The focus is on how to allocate resources effectively while adhering to service level objectives (SLOs) and fairness requirements, which include factors such as server location, data provenance, energy consumption, sovereignty, carbon footprint, and economic cost. The goal is to optimise resource distribution across different stages of the federated learning process within a given architecture, ensuring that these fairness criteria are integrated into the allocation strategy. This approach aligns with decolonial methodologies that seek to offer more sustainable and equitable alternatives to the resource-intensive artificial intelligence processes prevalent today.</div
Évaluation de l'impact des rejets d'eaux pluviales urbaines (RUTP) sur les eaux de surface franciliennes par HRMS non ciblée et modélisation écotoxicologique
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Nano-Reinforced Polymers and Polymer Nanocomposites
No full textInternational audienceThe increasing trend in the mission towards the development of reinforced polymers lies in exploring their optimal properties, such as stiffness and load. Nanoreinforced materials are the answer to these requirements. The chapter has introduced the basic aspects of these nano-reinforced polymeric compounds, methods of synthesis, properties and potential applications. Furthermore, given a wide variety of options in terms of nanoparticle compositions, sizes, surface treatment, etc. in the ocean of available polymers, it is almost impossible to perform a judicious experimental screening of all probable combinations in a reasonable timeframe. Thus, computational modeling methods, discussed at the end of this chapter, are very important to predict and investigate the properties of such polymer nanocomposites