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Cationization of fac-[Mn(CO)<sub>3</sub>(<sup>R</sup>bpy)Br] complexes with ammonia: direct access to water-soluble photoinduced CO releasing molecules
No full textInternational audienceA new family of water-soluble photoinduced CO-releasing molecules (PhotoCORMs) having the general structure fac-[Mn(CO)3(Rbpy)Br)(NH3)]Br (bpy= 2,2’-bipyridine; R= -H, -Me, -tBu, -OMe, -NO2, -CF3, -CONH2) has been synthesized in good yield by reaction between the corresponding [Mn(CO)3(Rbpy)Br] complexes and methanolic ammonia. Photolysis experiments and myoglobin assay were performed on all the complexes and unambiguously demonstrated that they rapidly release from one to three CO molecules upon blue light irradiation
European Approach for Acute Radiation Syndrome’s Management Facing Radiological and Nuclear Threats: A Call for Arms
No full textInternational audienceThe increasing concern related to radiological and nuclear threats within the European Union (EU) has intensified the regional preparedness needs. The anticipated number of injured, contaminated, and irradiated individuals may range from a few to hundreds of thousands, necessitating immediate emergency medical care and hospitalization. Given this potential influx of casualties, the medical teams responsible for initial management may become rapidly overwhelmed, facing immense pressure to formulate appropriate response strategies and treatment options. Therefore, it is critical to establish appropriate supra-national recommendations and appropriate national protocols to guide medical decision-making in such extraordinary circumstances. The EU is proactively preparing for this worst-case scenario. Drawing on a robust and remaining state-of-the-art reference consensus regarding the medical management of mass radiation exposure, a well-established network of 550 European Society for Bone and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) centers and emergency medicine specialists, and two decades of collective experience in managing acute radiation syndrome (ARS) patients. The European Commission (EC), in collaboration with the World Health Organization (WHO) Europe, is accelerating the dissemination of medical response protocols. This initiative includes the education of healthcare professionals and the implementation of a strategic stockpile of medical countermeasures to address nuclear-related threats effectively
Direct hydroxyproline radiocarbon dating of the Lapedo child (Abrigo do Lagar Velho, Leiria, Portugal)
No full textInternational audienceThe 1998 discovery of a nearly intact Gravettian human burial in the Lapedo Valley (Leiria, Portugal) propelled the Lagar Velho rockshelter to worldwide fame. The ochre-stained skeleton of the Lapedo child, a juvenile aged around four or five, exhibited a mosaic of Neanderthal and anatomically modern human features argued to reflect admixture between the two human populations. Here, we present direct compound-specific radiocarbon dates for the child’s skeleton [27,780 to 28,550 calibrated years before present (cal B.P.)] and five associated bones from the burial and underlying contexts. We reassess the chronology and archaeological interpretation of the burial in light of these new dates and demonstrate the suitability of hydroxyproline radiocarbon dating for poorly preserved Paleolithic samples that otherwise fail routine radiocarbon pretreatment methods
The Huns in the Cimmerian Bosporus
No full textInternational audienceThe history of the Cimmerian Bosporus in the Hun Period (last third of the 4th–second third of the 5th century)remains largely unknown. Hun-style artefacts in the Eastern Crimea and the Taman Peninsula (arrowheads,bone bow plates, some sword types, and a diadem) and the presence of elements of burial ritual elements characteristicof the steppe zone (the placement of saddles and arrows into the grave, accompanying horse graves) in thefunerary practice of the Bosporan population from the late 4th–mid-5th century are scarce evidence, reflectingonly an episodic presence of Huns in the Cimmerian Bosporus. These artefacts and phenomena were associated primarily with the ‘elite’ and ‘military’ strata and, apparently, did not reach the bulk of the Hellenised population
Ras Shamra : cent ans de recherches pluridisciplinaires
No full textInternational audienceLes responsables des fouilles et leurs équipes n’ont eu de cesse de parfaire la connaissance de ces vestiges, conservés dans les musées en Syrie et dans des collections publiques françaises (musée du Louvre, musée d’Archéologie nationale de Saint-Germain-en-Laye), en utilisant les dernières avancées des sciences analytiques pour dater, étudier les matériaux, en définir l’origine et en comprendre les savoir-faire. À travers quelques exemples, nous retraçons ici les étapes marquantes de ces découvertes qui montreront aussi les liens forts tissés au cours du temps entre le Centre de recherche et de restauration des musées de France (C2RMF) et l’équipe d’Ougarit
Cartesian perspectives on consciousness and introspection
No full textInternational audienceIntrospection is a reflective operation through which thought takes thought itself as its object. Qua reflective operation, it involves two things: the thought that introspects and the thought that is introspected. Since every thought is conscious, according to the Cartesians, it follows that consciousness is not the same thing as introspection; for if it were, each thought would have to be reflected by a further thought, at infinitum. The important thing about consciousness is that, in contrast to introspection, it involves only one thing: the thought that occurs and presents itself to the mind.The distinction between consciousness and introspection raises a dilemma regarding the Cogito. Is the thought I think a reflective, introspective thought or is it merely a manifestation of consciousness? If the former, the reflexivity of the Cogito, hence its certainty, becomes questionable, in view of the ‘stratification thesis’ which bans self-reference. If the latter, it becomes unclear how the thought I think can be focused, as it needs to be to secure its status as a clear and distinct thought. This chapter presents the dilemma and discusses possible solutions within the Cartesian framework
The GECKOS survey : Identifying kinematic sub-structures in edge-on galaxies
No full textInternational audienceThe vertical evolution of galactic discs is governed by the sub-structures within them. Several of these features, including bulges and kinematically distinct discs, are best studied in edge-on galaxies, as the viewing angle allows the easier separation of component light. For this work, we examined the diversity of kinematic sub-structure present in the first 12 galaxies observed from the GECKOS survey, a VLT/MUSE large programme providing a systematic study of 36 edge-on Milky Way-mass disc galaxies. Employing the N GIST analysis pipeline, we derived the mean luminosity-weighted line-of-sight stellar velocity ( V ⋆ ), velocity dispersion ( σ ⋆ ), skew ( h 3 ), and kurtosis ( h 4 ) for the sample, and examined 2D maps and 1D line profiles. Common clear kinematic signatures were observed: all galaxies display h 3 – V ⋆ sign mismatches in the outer disc regions consistent with a (quasi-)axisymmetric, rotating disc of stars. After scrutinising visual morphologies, we found that the majority of this sample (8/12) possess boxy-peanut bulges and host the corresponding kinematic structure predicted for stellar bars viewed in projection. Inferences were made on the bar viewing angle with respect to the line of sight from the strength of these kinematic indicators; we found one galaxy whose bar is close to side-on with respect to the observer, and two that are close to end-on. Four galaxies exhibit strong evidence for the presence of nuclear discs, including central h 3 – V ⋆ profile anti-correlations, croissant-shaped central depressions in σ ⋆ maps, strong gradients in h 3 , and positive h 4 plateaus over the expected nuclear disc extent. The strength of the h 3 feature corresponds to the size of the nuclear disc, measured from the h 3 turnover radius, taking into account geometric effects. We can explain the features within the kinematic maps of the four unbarred galaxies via disc structure(s) alone. We do not find any need to invoke the existence of dispersion-dominated bulges in any of the sample galaxies. Obtaining the specialised data products for this paper and the broader GECKOS survey required significant development of existing integral field spectroscopic (IFS) analysis tools. Therefore, we also present the N GIST pipeline: a modern, sophisticated, and easy-to-use pipeline for the analysis of galaxy IFS data, and the key tool employed by the GECKOS survey for producing value-added data products. We conclude that the variety of kinematic sub-structures seen in GECKOS galaxies requires a contemporary view of galaxy morphology, expanding on the traditional view of galaxy structure, and uniting the kinematic complexity observed in the Milky Way with the extragalactic
Prohibition of Meat and Animal Sacrifice in the Chinese Book of the Messiah and in the Pseudo-Clementines: Anti-Sacrificial Discourse as Boundary-Marking Strategy in Polytheistic Contexts
No full textInternational audienceThis article provides a comprehensive overview of the Chinese Christian Book of the Messiah's doctrinal framework, demonstrating how its author portrays the prohibition against meat consumption and animal sacrifice as an eternal divine commandment. It subsequently establishes parallels with the Pseudo-Clementine Homilies and Recognitions. The article argues that both works exemplify the strategic adaptation of early anti-sacrificial motifs as rhetorical tools for religious boundary-marking, contributing to our understanding of how Jesus-oriented groups deployed theological resources to distinguish themselves from surrounding polytheistic practices across diverse cultural settings
