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Actualités de 2024 sur les troubles du sommeil en pédiatrie
No full textInternational audienceFor this review, Benjamin Dudoignon selected articles from prestigious journals that directly impact patient clinical management. He structured his presentation around three main areas: respiratory conditions, neurological and psychiatric disorders, and finally, recommendations for the management of insomnia and the prescription of melatonin in neurotypical patients. This thematic approach provided a clear and coherent overview of relevant medical advances while highlighting the practical implications for clinicians.Pour ces actualités, Benjamin Dudoignon a sélectionné des articles issus de revues prestigieuses ayant un impact direct sur la prise en charge clinique des patients. Il a structuré sa présentation autour de trois axes principaux : les affections respiratoires, les troubles neurologiques et psychiatriques, et enfin, les recommandations concernant la prise en charge de l'insomnie ainsi que la prescription de mélatonine chez les patients neurotypiques. Cette approche thématique a permis d'offrir une vision claire et cohérente des avancées médicales pertinentes, tout en mettant en lumière les implications pratiques pour les cliniciens
Actualités 2024 : « Year in Review » du Congrès du sommeil. Une rétrospective incontournable
No full textNational audienceThe annual news session, "Year in Review", provides a retrospective of the year's major publications, offering a unique opportunity to discover or recall the most significant publications of the year. This session brought together five experts to summarize the latest updates in five key sleep-related topics
Logarithmic matching between past infinity and future infinity : The massless scalar field in Minkowski space
No full textInternational audienceMatching conditions relating the fields at the future of past null infinity with the fields at the past of future null infinity play a central role in the analysis of asymptotic symmetries and conservation laws in asymptotically flat spacetimes. These matching conditions can be derived from initial data given on a Cauchy hypersurface by integrating forward and backward in time the field equations to leading order in an asymptotic expansion, all the way to future and past null infinities. The standard matching conditions considered in the literature are valid only in the case when the expansion near null infinity (which is generically polylogarithmic) has no dominant logarithmic term. This paper is the first in a series in which we derive the matching conditions for a massless scalar field with initial conditions leading to dominant logarithms at null infinity. We prove that these involve the opposite sign with respect to the usual matching conditions. We also analyse the matching of the angle-dependent conserved charges that follow from the asymptotic decay and Lorentz invariance. We show in particular that these are well defined and finite at null infinity even in the presence of leading logarithmic terms provided one uses the correct definitions. The free massless scalar field has the virtue of presenting the polylogarithmic features in a particularly clear setting that shows their inevitability, since there is no subtle gauge fixing issue or nonlinear intrincacies involved in the problem. We also consider the case of higher spacetime dimensions where fractional powers of (odd spacetime dimensions) or subdominant logarithmic terms (even spacetime dimensions) are present. Mixed matching conditions are then relevant. In subsequent papers, we will extend the analysis to the electromagnetic and the gravitational fields
Cytokine Autoantibodies Alter Gene Expression Profiles of Healthy Donors
No full textInternational audienceAutoantibodies against cytokines (c‐aAb) have been implicated in the pathophysiology of autoimmune diseases, and a variety of infections. In addition, several independent studies have detected elevated titers of c‐aAb in the circulation of healthy individuals. To further understand their impact on immune responses, we measured c‐aAb against IFN‐α, IFN‐γ, CSF2, IL‐1α, IL‐6, and IL‐10 in the plasma of 1000 healthy individuals of the Milieu Intérieur (MI) cohort. Focusing on donors above a defined positive cut‐off we observed significant age effects for c‐aAb against IL‐1α, but no major environmental or lifestyle associated factors were identified. Using TruCulture stimulation data from the MI cohort, we observed a strong association between induced IL‐1α and c‐aAb levels after LPS stimulation. For several other stimuli, c‐aAb against IL‐1α and IL‐10 were associated with decreased or increased proinflammatory gene expression, respectively. Finally, TruCulture assays supplemented with plasma containing high‐titer c‐aAb showed a strong influence of anti‐IFN‐α and anti‐IL‐6 c‐aAb on both baseline and induced gene expression. In summary, this study shows a widespread prevalence of anti‐cytokine autoantibodies in healthy donors with impacts on diverse immune responses, suggesting a significant contribution of c‐aAb to interindividual immune heterogeneity
Walking Nebulous Mountain Slopes: Exploring Healing Practices in the Himalayas
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The strangeness of reflexivity
No full textInternational audienceMichel Foucault’s analyses of Greek antiquity led him to highlight the reflexive expression, the most emblematic of which is the “care of the self” (epimeleia heautou) that is to be identified under the “know thyself” (gnôthi sauton). On several occasions, Foucault lists activities about oneself expressed by reflexive infinitives. But shouldn’t we go beyond these lists to question the reflexive formulation ? Is this formulation considered to be the ultimate point in ancient texts ? Shouldn’t the analysis, on the contrary, go beyond it ? In this article I will try to awaken the strangeness of reflexivity. I will highlight that this strangeness of reflexivity is particularly evident in the Platonic analysis of the strangeness of the expressions that express self-control. But Plato’s Politics also helps to shed light on the situation of reflexivity. I will use the way in which the grammarian Apollonius Dyscolus analyses first-person reflexive pronouns to highlight the difficulty of reflexivity : it will allow me to recall that plural is not only in a group of people gathered in the expression by the first-person pronoun of the plural “we”, but in the human living itself. In the second part of the analysis, I will focus on how Aristotle justifies certain reflexive expressions in the phenomena of friendship towards oneself and injustice towards oneself in particular, and what his analyses allow us to understand about what we too quickly call relation towards oneself.Les analyses que Michel Foucault a consacrées à l’Antiquité grecque l’ont amené à mettre en évidence l’expression réflexive, dont le traitement le plus emblématique touche au « souci de soi » qu’il faut dégager sous le « connais-toi toi-même ». À diverses reprises, Foucault fait la liste d’activités sur soi exprimées par des infinitifs réflexifs. Mais ne faut-il pas sortir de ces listes pour s’interroger sur la formulation réflexive ? Cette formulation est-elle en effet considérée comme ultime dans les textes anciens ? L’analyse ne doit-elle pas au contraire en venir à la dépasser ? J’essaierai dans cet article de réveiller l’étrangeté de la réflexivité. Je mettrai en évidence que cette étrangeté de la réflexivité est tout particulièrement mise en évidence dans l’analyse platonicienne de l’étrangeté des expressions qui expriment la maîtrise de soi. Mais le Politique de Platon permet également d’éclairer la situation de la réflexivité. Je me servirai de la manière dont le grammairien Apollonius Dyscole analyse les pronoms réflexifs de première personne pour mettre en évidence la difficulté propre à la réflexivité : elle me permettra de rappeler qu’il y a pluriel non seulement dans un groupe de personnes que rassemble dans l’expression le pronom de première personne du pluriel « nous », mais dans le vivant humain lui-même. Dans un second temps de l’analyse je m’attacherai à la manière dont Aristote justifie certaines expressions réflexives dans les phénomènes de l’amitié à l’égard de soi-même et de l’injustice à l’égard de soi-même notamment et ce que ses analyses permettent de comprendre sur ce qu’on appelle trop rapidement rapport à soi
Magnetic phase diagram of the three-dimensional doped Hubbard model
No full textInternational audienceWe establish the phase diagram of the Hubbard model on a cubic lattice for a wide range of temperatures, dopings and interaction strengths, considering both commensurate and incommensurate magnetic orders. We use the dynamical mean-field theory together with an efficient method to compute the free energy which enable the determination of the correct ordering vectors. Besides an antiferromagnetic state close to half-filling, we identify a number of different magnetic spiral phases with ordering vectors , and as well as a region with close competition between them, hinting at spatial phase separation or at the onset of a stripe phase. Additionally, we extensively study several thermodynamic properties with direct relevance to cold-atom experiments: the entropy, energy and double-occupancy
Bisognano-Wichmann Hamiltonian for the entanglement spectroscopy of fractional quantum Hall states
No full textInternational audienceWe study the Bisognano-Wichmann Hamiltonian for fractional quantum Hall states defined on a sphere and explore its relationship with the entanglement Hamiltonian associated to the state. We present results for several examples, namely the bosonic Laughlin state stabilized by contact two-body interactions and the bosonic Moore-Read state by either three- or two-body interactions. Our findings demonstrate that the Bisognano-Wichmann Hamiltonian provides a reliable approximation of the entanglement Hamiltonian as a fully-local operator that can be written without any prior knowledge of the specific state under consideration
Mott Transition and Volume Law Entanglement with Neural Quantum States
No full textInternational audienceThe interplay between delocalisation and repulsive interactions can cause electronic systems to undergo a Mott transition between a metal and an insulator. Here we use neural network hidden fermion determinantal states (HFDS) to uncover this transition in the disordered, fully-connected Hubbard model. Whilst dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT) provides exact solutions to physical observables of the model in the thermodynamic limit, our method allows us to directly access the wavefunction for finite system sizes well beyond the reach of exact diagonalisation. We directly benchmark our results against state-of-the-art calculations obtained using a Matrix Product State (MPS) ansatz. We demonstrate how HFDS is able to obtain more accurate results in the metallic regime and in the vicinity of the transition, with the volume law of entanglement exhibited by the system being prohibitive to the MPS ansatz. We use the HFDS method to calculate the amplitudes of the wavefunction, the energy and double occupancy, the quasi-particle weight and the energy gap, hence providing novel insights into this model and the nature of the transition. Our work paves the way for the study of strongly correlated electron systems with neural quantum states