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« Year in Review » du Congrès du Sommeil - Une rétrospective incontournable
No full textInternational audienceThese “2025 Updates – Year in Review” provide an overview of the Year in Review session, a key feature of the Sleep Congress dedicated to synthesizing the most significant publications of the year and discussing their clinical and scientific implications. The 2025 edition, held in Strasbourg and attended by more than 4,000 participants, highlights an increased openness to the Francophone community, including a symposium dedicated to Québec, and announces the next edition in Lyon. The session was structured around three thematic axes: clinical neurosciences, fundamental neurosciences, and respiratory disorders. Three speakers provided the corresponding syntheses: (i) Lucie Barateau, focusing on neurophysiological biomarkers of sleep and vigilance and their diagnostic and therapeutic implications; (ii) Armelle Rancillac, presenting major advances in basic research, including sleep pressure, genetic variability in sleep need, brain clearance mechanisms, and the effects of stress and temperature on sleep architecture; and (iii) Justin Frija, addressing obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, with a focus on quality of life under CPAP, treatment adherence, device reliability, cardiometabolic issues, and the impact of climate change. These three presentations are available as replays on the congress website until May 31, 2026, and are also reproduced in this issue of Médecine du Sommeil, making it still timely to engage with their content.Ces « Actualités 2025 – Year in Review » proposent une rétrospective de la session « Year in Review », un temps fort du Congrès du Sommeil permettant de synthétiser les publications marquantes de l’année et d’en discuter les implications cliniques et scientifiques. L’édition 2025, organisée à Strasbourg et ayant rassemblé plus de 4000 participants, met en avant une ouverture renforcée à la francophonie (dont un symposium dédié au Québec) et annonce la prochaine édition à Lyon. La session a été organisée autour de trois axes : neurosciences cliniques, neurosciences fondamentales et pathologies respiratoires. Trois intervenantes en ont assuré les synthèses : (i) Lucie Barateau, sur les biomarqueurs neurophysiologiques du sommeil et de la vigilance et leurs retombées diagnostiques/therapeutiques ; (ii) Armelle Rancillac, sur des avancées majeures en recherche fondamentale (pression de sommeil, variabilité génétique des besoins de sommeil, clairance cérébrale, effets du stress et de la température sur l’architecture du sommeil) ; (iii) Justin Frija, sur le SAOS (qualité de vie sous PPC, adhérence, fiabilité des dispositifs, enjeux cardiométaboliques et impact du changement climatique). Ces trois présentations sont disponibles en replays jusqu’au 31 mai 2026 sur le site du congrès et sont également retranscrites dans ce numéro de Médecine du Sommeil, donc il est encore temps d’en prendre connaissance
Yuri Pines, Martin Kern, Nino Luraghi (eds), Zuozhuan and Early Chinese Historiography, Leyde, Brill, 2024 : [compte rendu]
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Old Maya Palimpsests, Regenerative Copies, and a Modern Publication
No full textInternational audienceSeveral years ago, Hilario Chi Canul showed Valentina Vapnarsky a collection of ancient Maya notebooks, which had been entrusted to him as an Indigenous Maya scholar. Their content remained opaque to him and their nature ambiguous. We have since collaborated to decipher these texts, exploring their histories and materialities while considering how to ethically share them. Our approach has evolved as we have gained insights into the meanings and functions of these palimpsestic religious texts through ethnographic, philological, and historical work. Discovering that many writings were part of a regular process of copying and recopying for regeneration, we considered print publication. However, this raised a number of questions. Can the printed version be considered as another regenerative copy? What about the transformative power of the oralization of the text that generally takes place between two written copies? Would printed copies be as readily accepted by the ritual specialists as the digital copies used in our research? What kind of interest would they and the lay Maya find in publications of such kind? This article addresses these issues, examining the relations between traditional written texts, modern publications, and cultural regeneration.Hace unos años, Hilario Chi Canul mostró a Valentina Vapnarsky unos cuadernos antiguos mayas que, por ser académico maya nativo, le habían confiado. El contenido de estos escritos seguía siendo opaco para él, y su naturaleza ambigua y delicada. Desde entonces, hemos colaborado para descifrar los cuadernos, explorando sus historias y materialidades al mismo tiempo que considerábamos cómo compartirlos éticamente. Nuestro acercamiento ha ido evolucionando a medida que íbamos entendiendo los significados y las funciones de estos textos palimpsésticos, gracias a estudios etnográficos, filológicos e históricos. Al descubrir que muchos escritos formaban parte de un proceso regular de copia para su regeneración, nos cuestionamos sobre una posible publicación impresa. ¿Podría considerarse la versión impresa como otra copia regeneradora? ¿Qué ocurriría con el poder transformador de la oralización del texto que generalmente tiene lugar entre dos copias escritas? ¿Serían las copias impresas tan fácilmente aceptadas por los especialistas en rituales como las copias digitales utilizadas en nuestra investigación? ¿Qué tipo de interés encontrarían ellos y el pueblo maya en general en este tipo de publicaciones? Este artículo aborda estas cuestiones examinando las relaciones entre textos escritos tradicionales, publicaciones modernas y regeneración cultural
Book review: Gilberg Rolf, Mongolian and Siberian Shamans. Costumes and Paraphernalia at the National Museum of Denmark
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Implicit modules, a middle step towards modular implicits
No full textInternational audienceModular implicits are a proposal for extending OCaml with implicit module arguments, that is, first-class modules, which are inferred from their signatures, and passed as arguments to core-language functions, with a twelve-year old prototype implementation. We are now in the process of formalizing module implicits and integrating them in OCaml. A first preliminary step, modular explicits, which extended the language of modules to enable a simpler interaction between the module language and the core language, is about to be integrated in OCaml. This work focuses on the next step, implicit modules, which is the synthesis of modules from their signatures—but without interaction with the core language, the final step, which is left for future work
Theoretical Diagnostics for the Physical Conditions in Active Galactic Nuclei under the View of JWST
No full textInternational audienceWith excellent spectral and angular resolutions and, especially, sensitivity, the JWST allows us to observe infrared emission lines that were previously inaccessible or barely accessible. These emission lines are promising for evaluating the physical conditions in different galaxies. Based on MAPPINGS V photoionization models, we systematically analyze the dependence of over 20 mid-infrared (mid-IR) emission lines covered by MIRI on board JWST on the physical conditions of different galactic environments, in particular narrow-line regions in active galactic nuclei (AGN). We find that mid-IR emission lines of highly ionized argon (i.e., [Ar V ] 7.90 and 13.10 μ m) and neon (i.e., [Ne V ] 14.32 and 24.32 μ m, and [Ne VI ] 7.65 μ m) are effective in diagnosing the physical conditions in AGN. We accordingly propose new prescriptions to constrain the ionization parameter ( U ), peak energy of the AGN spectrum ( E peak ), metallicity ( 12 + log ( O / H ) ), and gas pressure ( P / k ) in AGN. These new calibrations are applied to the central regions of six Seyfert galaxies included in the Galaxy Activity, Torus, and Outflow Survey as a proof of concept. We also discuss the similarity and difference in the calibrations of these diagnostics in AGN of different luminosities, highlighting the impact of hard X-ray emission and particularly radiative shocks, as well as the different diagnostics in star-forming regions. Finally, we propose diagnostic diagrams involving [Ar V ] 7.90 μ m and [Ne VI ] 7.65 μ m to demonstrate the feasibility of using the results of this study to distinguish galactic regions governed by different excitation sources
Slave-spin approach to the Anderson-Josephson quantum dot
No full textWe study a strongly interacting quantum dot connected to two superconducting leads using a slave-spin representation of the dot. At the mean-field level the problem maps into a resonant level model with superconducting leads, coupled to an auxiliary spin-1/2 variable accounting for the parity of the dot. We obtain the mean-field phase diagram, showing a transition between a Kondo (singlet) and a local moment (doublet) regime, corresponding to the 0 -π transition of the junction. The mean-field theory qualitatively captures the Kondo singlet phase and its competition with superconductivity for weak values of the BCS gap, including the non-trivial dependence of the Andreev bound states on the interaction, but fails in the doublet regime where it predicts a dot decoupled from the bath. Using diagrammatic techniques and a random phase approximation, we include fluctuations on top of the mean-field theory to describe finite-frequency dynamics of the effective spin variable. This leads to the formation of high-energy Hubbard bands in the spectral function and a coherent Kondo peak with a BCS gap at low energies. Finally, we compute the Josephson current and the induced superconducting correlations on the dot.</div