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International Cooperation under the Human Right to Science
No full textInternational audienceThis book explores the importance of international cooperation in realising the ‘human right to science’ as enshrined in Article 15(1)(b) of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR). The need to reawaken this right has been acknowledged in recent scholarship. However, the role of international scientific cooperation for the effective realisation of the right has been, to date, overlooked.International scientific cooperation is not only a core element of the human right to science, as recognised explicitly by Article 15(4) ICESCR, but also a concern in many other regimes of international law, such as climate change, biodiversity, AI or health law. In this book, experts in international human rights law explore the grounds, subjects, objects and the contents of the duty and responsibility of international cooperation under the human right to science. Chapters address a variety of issues ranging from the universality of science and respect for local knowledge, scientific sovereignty and self-determination, and the equitable access to and sharing of scientific benefits.International Cooperation under the Human Right to Science is a crucial read for scholars and students of international law, particularly those in the field of international human rights law. Practitioners, including inside organisations such as UNESCO, WHO, WTO, WIPO or the IPCC, will also greatly benefit from the book’s necessary insights
La mondialisation et la sécularisation du monachisme bouddhiste tibétain
No full textInternational audienc
Water Resources in South of Iraq: Current State, Future Evolutions, Challenges, and Potential Solutions
No full textInternational audienceSouthern Iraq or lower Mesopotamia has a crucial role in Iraq's economy due to its agricultural resources and unique wetland areas. Today southern Iraq, which is historically considered the birthplace of the development of early farming communities and the domestication of plants, is experiencing a drastic water resources crisis which is driven by both natural and human-induced reasons such as climate change, long periodical drought and water resources mismanagement practices. Despite the severity of the crisis, there is a lack of integrated and comprehensive assessments addressing the current state of water resources in southern Iraq. This paper aims to fill this gap by providing an in-depth review of the factors affecting water resources in the region. The current situation of water resources is analyzed using different indicators such as water availability in marshes, salinity variation along Shatt al-Arab river and surface of cultivated areas. This paper reviews previous studies, summarizes the current situation, analyzes the key challenges, and explores a range of potential solutions for further investigation. This study analysis is essential for guiding advanced research efforts that offer deeper insight into the challenges and propose practical solutions. This paper identifies key topics for future research to address the water crisis
Dire ou ne pas dire son nom en ligne : l'anonymat des journalistes à l'ère numérique
No full textInternational audienc
Block structures of graphs and quantum isomorphism
No full textWe prove that for every pair of quantum isomorphic graphs, their block trees and their block graphs are isomorphic, and that such an isomorphism can be chosen so that the corresponding blocks are quantum isomorphic -in particular, 2-connectedness is preserved under quantum isomorphism. We conclude with some corollaries, including obtaining some necessary conditions on a pair of quantum isomorphic, not isomorphic graphs with a minimal number of vertices
Intéractions avec le divin: canaux matériels du pouvoir et cohésion social à travers l'artisanat du métal dans l'Empire de Justinien: canaux matériels du pouvoir et cohésion social à travers l'artisanat du métal dans l'Empire de Justinien
No full textInternational audienceL'article explore les usages du métal dans le cadre des rapports économiques et sociaux impliqués par les pratiques dévotionnelles dans l'empire de Justinien
Matching conditions at null infinity in the presence of logarithms: the role of advanced and retarded radiation
No full textInternational audienceWe provide a new perspective on the general matching conditions between the future of past null infinity and the past of future null infinity, emphasizing the impact of dominant logarithmic terms in the asymptotic expansion of the fields near null infinity. We explicitly consider the cases of a massless scalar field and of electromagnetism. Key in our derivation is the identification of the physical origin of these logarithms, which are associated with advanced and retarded radiation saturating the finite energy flux condition at null infinity (in a space of functions which is made precise). The matching conditions arise then from the requirement of Coulombic (i.e., ) behaviour at spatial infinity
Experimental tests of Bell's inequalities: A first-hand account by Alain Aspect
No full textOn 04 October 2022, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences announced that the Nobel Prize for Physics of 2022 was awarded jointly to Alain Aspect, John Clauser, and Anton Zeilinger "for experiments with entangled photons, establishing the violation of Bell inequalities and pioneering quantum information science". What follows is an interview of Alain Aspect, conducted by Bill Phillips and Jean Dalibard, during the summer of 2022, and completed not long before the announcement of the Nobel Prize. The subject matter is essentially that for which the Nobel Prize was awarded
