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Open Space: Pluriforme Aneignung eines Schweizer Wallfahrtsortes
No full textFor centuries, people from Switzerland, Germany and France have been embarking on pilgrimages to the Catholic holy site of Mariastein. In recent decades, however, the streams of visitors have mirrored the religious and social change in Swiss society. The public are becoming increasingly pluralistic and individualised. In the present article, with the help of the concept of "cultural appropriation" by Hans Peter Hahn, the authors demonstrate how it is possible for this new diverse range of visitors to appropriate one and the same place of pilgrimage for themselves
Between Religions. Baptist Converts in Sierra Leone and their Islamic and African Traditional Religious Past
No full textThis article focuses on Baptist converts in Sierra Leone and how they live between religions in an African multi-religious context. When converts looked back on their lives, they reconstruct their memories to fit their present religious convictions. Baptist churches teach their members to leave traditional practices and Islam. Converts break with the past and leave their former religious community. Converts´ experiences and memories of Islamic homes were often positive, but memories of African traditional religion (ATR) were more complex. However, Church members sometimes go to ATR herbalists and healers when they have severe health problems.Baptist churches compete with ATR and teach that power of Christian God is real, and healing is often part of the Church services. After conversion Baptist converts are members of their Churches with different degree of commitment. Converts often had difficulties in maintaining good relationships with their Muslim relatives. However, Christians and Muslims see that they have more in common with each other than they do with African Traditional Religion (ATR). Extended families and intermarriages helped to build better relations between Muslims and Christians.Keywords: Muslims, Baptist, Sierra Leone, African Traditional Religion, Conversion
Dr Hansjakobli und ds Babettli
No full textAusgehend vom Titel eines Berner Volkslieds – dr Hansjakobli und ds Babettli – wird das Verhältnis von grammatischem und natürlichem Geschlecht, Genus und Sexus bei diminuierten Rufnamen in den Dialekten der Deutschschweiz untersucht. Im Fokus steht die Geschlechterasymmetrie, die sich zwischen weiblichen Rufnamen und männlichen Rufnamen zeigt. Während bei Referenz auf weibliche Personen das Letzt-Glied-Prinzip (LGP) dominiert, folgen männliche Rufnamen meist dem Natürlichen Geschlechtsprinzip (NGP). Inwiefern die pragmatischen Differenzen im dialektalen Diminutivgebrauch und die grammatischen Differenzen hinsichtlich der Genuszuweisung mit aussersprachlichen Konzeptionen von Geschlecht zusammenhängen, wird anhand von sprachhistorischen Daten sowie aktuellen empirischen Daten aus einer Online-Befragung und einem Korpus an Todesanzeigen diskutiert
Matthias Egeler: Perspektiven aus dem Reich der Toten. Gedanken zu einem etruskischen Felsengrab, der Religionsästhetik und der historischen Religionswissenschaft
No full textMatthias Egeler, Mitarbeiter am Institut für nordische Philologie der Universität München, hat in seinen Arbeiten zu vergangenen Religionen stets auch die Methoden und Voraussetzungen der Religions- und Geschichtswissenschaft mit untersucht. So beschäftigte er sich in seiner Dissertation über weibliche Jenseitsbegleiterinnen wie die irischen Bodbs, die skandinavischen Walküren und die griechischen Sirenen auch mit der Möglichkeit einer „religionsgeschichtlichen Anbindung Nordwesteuropas an den mediterranen Raum“. Auch seine Untersuchungen zu keltischen Einflüssen in germanischen Religionen ist gleichzeitig eine Studie über den Fachdiskurs zu dieser Frage, da der Forschungsstand ohnehin keine eindeutige Antwort ermögliche
The Kojiki. An Account of Ancient Matters
No full textIt was an excellent idea to attempt a more accessible translation of the Kojiki, Japan’s oldest published chronicle, especially as this has enjoyed a revival of interest among the Japanese public in recent years. What for many years has been the standard English translation, and in many respects still is, was that by Donald Philippi (University of Tokyo Press 1968), which was indeed somewhat formidable. Gustav Heldt has taken quite different policy decisions over his translation, and these are what will be considered in this brief review. Any questions of fundamental accuracy will have to be left to other reviewers with competence in ancient Japanese
Goddesses in the Hindu Tradition
No full textThis article provides an overview and analysis of the two primary Hindu goddess traditions—the formal tradition (often called the Aryan, Pan-Indian or great) and the gramadevata tradition (also known as village goddesses, Dravidian, non-Aryan, folk or little). A broad sketch of each tradition is followed by an in-depth description of a goddess from each tradition. The overview of the formal tradition looks at six major goddesses in the formal tradition: Kali, Durga, Parvati, Sarasvati, Radha, and Sita. The overview of the gramadevata tradition examines origin myths, typical functions, common forms, and characteristics of worship. For the in-depth description of a goddess from each tradition, Sri-Laksmi is examined from the formal tradition and Mathamma from the gramadevata tradtion. After examining the two traditions, I argue the two traditions are two separate traditions emerging from an ancient goddess tradition. Yet, these two traditions influence each other, resulting in significant similarities, with the gramadevata tradition exerting the most influence
“Coming Out” or “Staying in the Closet”– Deconversion Narratives of Muslim Apostates in Jordan
No full textThis article describes a pilot study conducted between 22.03.2013 and 22.05.2013 among deconverts from Islam in Jordan. Due to the religious and cultural taboo surrounding apostasy, those who left Islam are notoriously difficult to access in a systematic way and constitute what is known in social research as a ‘hidden’ or ‘hard-to-reach’ population. Consequently, the non-probability sampling methods, namely an online survey, were used to recruit participants to the study. The objective of this research was threefold: (a) exploring the community of apostates from Islam in Jordan, (b) understanding the rationale behind decision to disaffiliate from Islam, and (c) analysing their narratives of deconversion. In addition, this paper examines the changes that occurred in respondents’ lives as a result of their apostasy and the degree of secrecy about their decision
Stefan Huber: Zentralität und Inhalt. Ein neues multidimensionales Messmodell der Religiosität
No full textIn der Reihe "Veröffentlichungen der Sektion Religionssoziologie" der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Soziologie" ist als Band 9 die Dissertation des Religionspsychologen Stefan Huber an der Universität Fribourg, Schweiz, erschienen. Unter dem Titel "Zentralität und Inhalt" wird ein neues allgemeines sozialwissenschaftliches Messmodell der Religiosität vorgelegt, das sich wegen seiner Einfachheit, der guten Nutzbarkeit und seiner nachweislichen Reliabilität und Validität für die empirische Religionsforschung eignet. Darin wendet es sich an alle empirisch Arbeitenden aus den Disziplinen Religionspsychologie, Religionssoziologie, Religionswissenschaft und empirische Theologie
Daniel Brown: A New Introduction to Islam
No full textAny convenor of first-year introductory courses on Islam faces a huge variety of textbooks to choose from. While certain introductions are more concerned about the doctrinal development of Islam, others provide historical surveys. Some introductions explicitly opt for a phenomenological approach avoiding a critical evaluation of the historical problems around the origins and early developments of Islam, while others present the main arguments of the so-called revisionist school of the Western academic study of early Islamic history which doubts the reliability of the earliest sources and develops an alternative account of the origins of Islam. History or doctrine, phenomenology or historical criticism, insider or outsider account – these are the options available in the different introductory textbooks on Islam