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Confidence interval determination using discrete event simulations for real estate sales case
No full textInternational audienc
Clinical Spectrum and Prognosis of Atypical Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease Caused by Monoallelic Pathogenic Variants of IFT140
No full textInternational audienc
Does the IL-6/KL-6 ratio distinguish different phenotypes in COVID-19 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome? An observational study stemmed from prospectively derived clinical, biological, and computed tomographic data
No full textInternational audienceBackground As new SARS-CoV-2 variants emerge and as treatment of COVID-19 ARDS remains exclusively supportive, there is an unmet need to better characterize its different phenotypes to tailor personalized treatments. Clinical, biological, spirometric and CT data hardly allow deciphering of Heavy (H), Intermediate (I) and Light (L) phenotypes of COVID-19 ARDS and the implementation of tailored specific strategies (prone positioning, PEEP settings, recruitment maneuvers). We hypothesized that the ratio of two pivotal COVID-19 biomarkers (interleukin 6 [IL-6] and Krebs von den Lungen 6 [KL-6], related to inflammation and pneumocyte repair, respectively) would provide a biologic insight into the disease timeline allowing 1) to differentiate H, I and L phenotypes, 2) to predict outcome and 3) to reflect some of CT findings. Methods and findings This was a retrospective analysis of prospectively acquired data (COVID HUS cohort). Inclusion concerned any patient with severe COVID-19 pneumonia admitted to two intensive care units between March 1 st and May 1 st , 2020, in a high-density cluster of the first epidemic wave (Strasbourg University Hospital, France). Demographic, clinical, biological (standard, IL-6 [new generation ELISA], KL-6 [CLEIA technique]), spirometric (driving pressure, respiratory system compliance) and CT data were collected longitudinally. CT analysis included semi-automatic and automatic lung measurements and allowed segmentation of lung volumes into 4 (poorly aerated, non-aerated, overinflated and normally aerated) and 3 (ground-glass, restricted normally aerated, and overinflated) zones, respectively. The primary outcome was to challenge the IL-6/KL-6 ratio capacity to decipher the three COVID-19 ARDS phenotypes (H, I and L) defined on clinical, spirometric and radiologic grounds. Secondary outcomes were the analysis of the prognostic value of the IL-6/KL-6 ratio and its correlates with CT-acquired data. Multivariate analysis was based on principal component analysis. One hundred and forty-eight ventilated COVID-19 ICU patients from the COVID HUS cohort were assessed for eligibility and 77 were included in the full analysis. Most were male, all were under invasive mechanical ventilation and vasopressor therapy and displayed high severity scores (SAPSII: 48 [42–56]; SOFA: 8 [7–10]). The L, I and H COVID ARDS phenotypes were identified in 11, 15 and 48 patients, respectively. In three patients, the phenotype could not be defined precisely. Thirty patients (39%) died in the ICU and the number of ventilator-free days was 2 [0–2] days. The IL-6/KL-6 ratio was not significantly different between the L, I and H phenotypes and evolved according to similar patterns over time. Surviving and deceased patients displayed an inverse kinetic of KL-6. IL-6 and the IL-6/KL-6 ratio were linearly associated with ground-glass volume on semi-automatic and automatic CT lung measurements. Conclusions In our population of severe ventilated COVID ARDS patients, the IL-6/KL-6 ratio was not clue to differentiate the H, I and L phenotypes and tailor a personalized ventilatory approach. There was an interesting correlation between IL-6/KL-6 ratio and ground-glass volume as determined by automated lung CT analysis. Such correlation deserves more in-depth pathophysiological study, at best gathered from a prospective cohort with a larger sample size and histological analysis. Trial registration COVID HUS Trial registration number: NCT0440572
Metaheuristic methods for the VRP with shared deliveries in short food supply chains
No full textInternational audienceThis study explores the logistical challenges faced by Short Food Supply Chains (SFSC), where producers often encounter high transportation costs due to fragmented deliveries and limited economies of scale. To address this challenge, a new variant of the Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) is proposed, allowing producers to collaborate by sharing deliveries with partner producers. In this model, a producer can either drop off goods with a partner who will complete the delivery or pick up goods from a partner to deliver them along their own route. This mutualization strategy aims to enhance efficiency while reducing logistical cost
Assessment of directional scattering from Mie-resonant-plasmonic Si@Au core-shell nanoparticles
No full textInternational audienceMetamaterial research has sought to create nanostructures with strong directional optical scattering to control light propagation at the nanoscale. Core-shell architectures comprised of both resonant cores and resonant shells have been suggested as candidate particles in which the spectral overlap of the electric and magnetic dipoles can be controlled to create strong directional scattering. In this study, we present Au-decorated Si core-shell (Si@Au) particles. These were synthesized by creating Si particles through the thermal disproportionation of hydrogen silsesquioxane (HSQ), which were then decorated with ∼ 4 nm diameter Au nanoparticles. We characterized the resonant behavior of the core-shell particles using electron energy-loss spectroscopy mapping and optical single-particle scatter spectroscopy. These observations were supported by T-matrix simulations and Mie theory calculations of the scattering spectra, which show that compared to Si, Si@Au particles demonstrate a dampened magnetic dipole resonance for smaller Si core diameters (100 – 130 nm) and an enhanced magnetic dipole resonance for larger Si core sizes (150 – 200 nm). However, we show that continuous plasmonic shells of ~12 nm thickness are needed to significantly improve forward scattering intensity
Du management de la disponibilité au management de l'implication
No full textNational audiencePresentation at the conference on volunteer firefighters on the subject of creating an operational reserve of firefighters in France.Intervention au sein du colloque sur les sapeurs pompiers volontaire portant sur le sujet de la création d'une réserve opérationnelle de sapeurs-pompiers en France
Approche exacte pour le problème bi-objectif d'équilibrage des lignes de désassemblage intégrant des robots collaboratifs
No full textInternational audienceL’automatisation joue un rôle crucial dans la production industrielle moderne, notamment avec l’émergence des technologies de l’industrie X.0. Cette automatisation s’étend également au processus de désassemblage, où les robots remplacent progressivement les lignes entièrement manuelles. Les lignes robotiques de désassemblage offrent une efficacité supérieure et une meilleure sécurité dans l’exécution des tâches dangereuses. Cependant, elles présentent une limite du manque de flexibilité pour traiter les sous-ensembles défectueux, en raison de l’incertitude quant à la qualité des produits en fin de vie. Cela nécessite l’intervention humaine, notamment pour les tâches complexes qui demandent une capacité d’adaptation et de prise de décision. Pour répondre à ce défi, le concept des robots collaboratifs s’impose comme une solution innovante où ils assistent les opérateurs humains tout au long du processus de désassemblage. Dans ce travail, nous nous intéressons au problème bi-objectif de l’équilibrage des lignes de désassemblage intégrant la collaboration homme-robot. Les deux objectifs visés sont la minimisation du coût total de désassemblage et le lissage des charges de travail entre les stations. Le problème consiste à sélectionner la meilleure alternative de désassemblage, et à affecter les tâches aux ressources et aux stations. Pour le résoudre, nous développons un modèle mathématique linéaire en nombres entiers mixtes avec une méthode de linéarisation pour l’objectif quadratique lié au lissage des charges, afin d’améliorer l’efficacité des solveurs exacts. Enfin, nous employons la méthode exacte des ε-contraintes pour générer le front de Pareto, offrant ainsi une analyse des compromis entre les deux objectifs
Optimizing total tardiness and resource occupation in a textile sewing shop using a multi-objective heuristic
No full textInternational audienceThis study addresses a dual resource constrained flexible job shop scheduling problem occurring in a textile sewing shop with multi-purpose machines and multi-skilled operators. Sequence-dependent setup times may occur for both operators and machines. Two objectives are considered, namely the total tardiness and the resource occupation. A heuristic exploiting the earliest starting time and the estimated tardiness of jobs is proposed to address this problem. A mixed-integer linear programming model aiming at minimizing the total tardiness is used as a benchmark. A detailed computational analysis is carried out on a set of industrial instances. The performance of the heuristic is evaluated on both criteria. Results highlight the relevance of the heuristic in obtaining solutions that balance total tardiness and resource utilization, demonstrating its applicability to real-world scenarios.</div
Self-hybridization and hot electron generation in aluminum nanoantennas
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Lessons in Low-Tech: A Handbook for Sustainable Education
No full textInternational audienceLT4SUSTAIN, an Erasmus+ funded transnational project, is at the forefront of responding to the increasing awareness of environmental and climate challenges. This awareness, particularly among youth, has led to a demand for social justice. With the coordinated work among six institutions, ranging from higher education institutions to private companies and associations, LT4SUSTAIN aims to raise awareness of Lowtech across society.LT4SUSTAIN is pioneering a unique approach to technology design. By developing “hackathons” and other “hands-on” events, we are engaging students and industry in a way that improves inclusiveness. Our objective is to equip individuals with the skills to embark on entrepreneurial ventures that focus on sustainable and valuable solutions using a Low-tech paradigm.Low-tech, based on the principles of usefulness, sustainability and accessibility, empowers practitioners to implement simple (as needed) technologies that are accessible and easily repairable, using common and locally available means. These solutions lean toward inexpensive technological solutions for fundamental and unsatisfied needs while positively contributing to generating a sustainable environment. This concept favours human know-how and practicality, making it an empowering solution for today’s and tomorrow’s social, cultural, ecological and economic challenges.This guide presents a series of lessons and frameworks designed to teach Low-tech principles, offering step-by-step instructions for fostering practical and creative skills. From hands-on workshop activities to insights into sustainable design thinking, it equips educators and practitioners with tools to empower individuals and communities. Whether you’re crafting new materials, prototyping resilient solutions, or rethinking design for an era of degrowth, this book provides the knowledge and inspiration to drive meaningful change