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Cephalometric analysis in adults with tympanic membrane atelectasis
No full textObjective: This study aims to examine craniofacial morphology (CFM) with cephalometric radiographs in adults with tympanic membrane atelectasis (TMA). Methods: A total of 50 patients (study group) were included and standardized lateral and anteroposterior cephalograms were performed. The control group consisted of 50 patients. Anteroposterior cephalograms were compared with the normative data. Results: A significant increase in vertical and decrease in horizontal linear measurements were observed in lateral and anteroposterior cephalograms respectively. Except for the facial axis, the angular measurements were not statistically significant. Conclusion: Cephalometric data indicate a narrow and elongated but nearly proportional CFM for patients with TMA
The Effect of Renewable Energy Consumption on Current Account Balance: Panel Data Analysis
No full textDifferent resources of energy are unevenly distributed around the world. Not every country has energy resources of its own. Those that have, may experience inadequacy in meeting domestic demand. Countries have to import the needed energy regardless of the size of worldwide price fluctuations and crises that come into existence in the global marketplace, which works in favor of energy-exporting countries. Foreign dependence on energy negatively affects the current account balance. Energy importation has an important share in the current account deficit of non-oil-exporting countries, such as Türkiye, in which as a developing country with a young and growing population, energy demand is increasing, and new natural gas and oil reserves as well as renewable energy sources are sought in order to remove foreign dependency. This study aims to determine the effect of making use of renewable energy sources on the current account deficit for a selected sample of countries which consist of 12 European Union (EU) and International Energy Agency (IEA) members including Türkiye. A balanced panel data regression analysis was conducted using the data of these countries for the period of 2000–2022. As a result of the analysis with the Driscoll–Kraay estimator, it was observed that as the share of renewable energy sources in total energy consumption increases, a reducing effect is achieved in terms of current account deficit. As renewable energy technologies develop, countries will have access to energy. This will reduce their foreign exchange expenditure, decrease their current account deficit, and strengthen price stability and growth performance
CLEAN ENERGY DEMAND: EVALUATING THE USE OF HYDROGEN IN ELECTRICITY GENERATION FROM A CORPORATE COST PERSPECTIVE
No full textThe Industrial Revolution represented apivotal moment in the evolution of human energy demand, marked by a significantescalation in the utilisation ofenergy resources. The advent of steam power marked the genesis of production,which subsequently evolved with the emergence of electricity (Yin et.al,2018) andinternal combustion engines(Sharma &Singh, 2020). Inthe contemporary era, the focus has shifted towards clean and renewable energysources. As a consequence of the 1974 THEME conference, hydrogen gainedimportance as a potential energy carrier for future energy systems (Veziroğlu,2000; Clark & Rifkin, 2006). Asa chemical element, hydrogen (H₂) has the potential to contribute to the decarbonisation ofenergy systems, whilst concurrently offering environmental benefits as a mediumfor the storage of electricity generated from renewable sources (Melainaet.al., 2013; Risco-Bravoet.al., 2024).Nevertheless, the high cost of storage facilities and the inadequacy ofinfrastructure hinder the complete replacement of hydrogen with natural gas (Fioritiet.al., 2021). Thepresent study focuses on the economic viability of blends with 15% and 30%hydrogen in natural gas power plants in Turkey.</p
Consensus on the Treatment of Severe Ocular Trauma and Silicone Oil–Dependent Eyes Using Foldable Capsular Vitreous Body
No full textAim: To establish evidence-based guidelines for the application of the foldable capsular vitreous body (FCVB) in managing severe ocular trauma and silicone oil–dependent eyes. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search across multiple databases, screening, extracting, and evaluating research evidence. Experts in ocular trauma and vitreoretinal surgery provided practical insights and formulated key questions. Using the Delphi method, the working group identified seven clinical issues and established outcome indicators. Seven recommendations were developed, reviewed, and approved by a multinational consensus expert group. Results: This consensus presents seven evidence-based recommendations for FCVB implantation, emphasizing the importance of patient assessment, FCVB model selection, and intraoperative and postoperative management. Each recommendation is supported by detailed explanations and evidence, highlighting the potential benefits of FCVB as an alternative to traditional treatments for severe ocular trauma and silicone oil–dependent eyes, including reduced complications and improved visual outcomes. Conclusions: On the basis of existing literature and expert consensus, this consensus provides evidence-based guidance for FCVB application in treating severe ocular trauma and silicone oil–dependent eyes. The recommendations serve as a valuable resource for ophthalmologists, facilitating more effective and safer treatment options for patients
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Congenital Hearing Loss in Turkey: A Systematic Review
No full textCongenital hearing loss hinders the child's social, emotional, and intellectual development. This systematic review was planned because the determination of congenital hearing loss and risk factors will guide health service planning. This systematic review was conducted based on previous studies in Turkey to determine the prevalence and the risk factors of newborn congenital hearing loss. This systematic review was conducted between November 2020 and February 2021; Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, EBSCOhost, and Springer electronic databases were screened with the keywords "newborn hearing screening" and "congenital hearing loss." According to the results of the systematic review of 13 studies, 1 prospective and 12 retrospective, the prevalence of congenital hearing loss is 0.5% and 1.1% in those with risk factors; newborns are screened within 1 month, diagnosed within 2 months on average, and intervened with between the 3rd and 14th months; and the most common risk factors for hearing loss are admission in intensive care/mechanical ventilation for more than 5 days/history of ototoxic drug use, hyperbilirubinemia requiring an exchange transfusion/phototherapy, prematurity, consanguineous marriage, and family history of hearing loss, respectively
Obtaining liquid absorbent hollow nanofiber from hydrophobic Poly(lactic acid) with optimum Poly(butylene succinate) additive ratio Optimum Poli(bütilen süksinat) katkı oranıyla hidrofobik Poli(laktik asit)’den sıvı emici içi boş nanolif elde edilmesi
No full textIn this study, Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) matrix was mixed with Poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) in certain ratios (3%, 5%, 7%, and 10% by weight) to improve its mechanical properties, and nanofibers were produced by single-feed electrospinning method. The plasticizing effect of PBS on PLA was investigated by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), mechanical analysis, and contact angle tests. The optimum mixing ratio of PLA with PBS was determined as 7%. The % elongation of PLA-7PBS nanofiber (15.05%) increased approximately 3 times compared to that of pure PLA (5.46%). Moreover, PLA-7PBS nanofiber was obtained as the material closest to the superhydrophobic character with a contact angle value of 147°. Then, hollow nanofiber was produced using the double-feed electrospinning method from the optimum PLA/PBS mixture ratio. The hollow of nanofiber was proven by SEM, FTIR, and DSC analyses. While the tensile strength of PLA-7PBS nanofiber was 0.31 MPa, that of PLA-7PBS-hollow nanofiber increased to 0.61 MPa. The cytotoxicity of PLA-7PBS-hollow nanofiber against fibroblast cell line was examined at 24th and 48th hours. Additionally, liquid absorption capacity and drying time tests were performed instead of PLA-7PBS-hollow nanolife contact angle testing. The highly hydrophobic PLA-7PBS structure had a high liquid absorption capacity of 611.90% when hollow. PLA-7PBS-hollow nanofiber exhibited 122% and 118% fibroblast cell viability at 24 and 48 hours, respectively. The biocompatible and biodegradable PLA-7PBS-hollow nanomaterial has been presented as a potential wound-dressing candidate
Kamu Özel Ortaklıklarında Çeşitli Ülkelerdeki Sözleşme Yönetiminin Yasal Çerçevesi: Türkiye İçin Öneriler
No full textKamu özel ortaklıkları, gelişmekte olan ülkeler için kamu hizmetlerinin görülmesinde alternatif bir finansman yöntemi olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Yüksek riskli ve karmaşık yapılı bu projeler için etkili sözleşme yönetimi önemli bir unsurdur. Bu konuda yapılan çalışmalar incelendiğinde görülmüştür ki kamu özel ortaklıkları sözleşme temelli olmalarına rağmen daha çok bir finansman yöntemi olarak ele alınmış ve incelenmiştir. Bu nedenle çalışmada, kamu özel ortaklıklarında sözleşme yönetimi konusunda literatür taraması yapılmış ve kamu özel ortaklıklarında sözleşme yönetimi için ana aktiviteler belirlenerek bir çerçeve ortaya konmuş, ardından gelişmekte olan ülkelerden olan Brezilya, Kenya, Kosova, Filipinler ve Türkiye’deki kanun ve yönetmelikler bu çerçeve kapsamında karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiştir. Yapılan çalışma sonucunda, incelenen bu beş ülkede, yönetişim ve sözleşme yönetim ekibinin kurulması, sözleşme yönetiminin planlanması, kurulması ve yürütülmesi, sözleşme değişikliklerinin yönetilmesi, performansın yönetilmesi ve sözleşme bitişi ile varlık devri için düzenlemelere rastlanmıştır. Ancak risk yönetimi, izlenmesi ve değerlendirmesi ve ilişkilerin yönetimi konusunda yasal çerçevede eksiklikler olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Her iki faaliyet de kamu özel ortaklığı projelerinde sözleşme yönetiminin başarılı bir şekilde gerçekleşmesi için kritik önemle sahiptir. Bu bağlamda Türkiye’ye yönelik öneriler getirilmiştir.Public-private partnerships emerge as an alternative financing method in providing public services for developing countries. Effective contract management is an important element for these high-risk and complex projects. For this reason, in the study, a literature review was conducted on contract management in public private partnerships and a framework was presented by determining the main activities for contract management in public private partnerships. Then, the laws and regulations in the developing countries of Brazil, Kenya, Kosovo, the Philippines and Turkiye were examined comparatively within this framework. As a result of the study, regulations were found for the establishment of administration and contract management team, planning, establishment and execution of contract management, managing contract changes, managing performance and contract termination and asset transfer, in these five countries examined. However, it has been concluded that there are deficiencies in the legal framework regarding risk management, monitoring and evaluation and relationship management, which are important criteria of contract management. Both activities are critical for successful contract management in public private partnership projects. In this context, recommendations have been made for Turkiye
Performans Mekânlarının Algısında ve Bağlamında Değişen Dinamikler
No full textİnsanın çevresini kuşatan nesneleri örgütleme çabası yeryüzü ile kurduğu ilişkinin en belirgin izi olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Tarih boyunca insan, hem düşünsel hem de fiziksel gelişimini sürdürürken oluşturduğu izi de bu doğrultuda dönüştürmektedir. Bu sürecin en somut çıktısı ise mekansal üretim olmaktadır. Mekanın kalıcığılını arzulayaninsanın, bu arzuyu destekleyen teknolojiler geliştirmesi, bu eğilimin önemli göstergeleri arasında yer almaktadır.Ancak 21. yüzyıla gelindiğinde, kalıcılık arzusuna karşılık, geçici olanın da mekâna ve yaşantıya etkisi giderek dahagörünür hale gelirken, yeni bir kırılma noktası da oluşturmaktadır. Artık mimarlık ve planlama, yalnızca kalıcı yapılarüretmekle sınırlı kalmayıp, çağın hız ve devingenliğine yanıt verebilecek, geçici mekânsal deneyimleri de tasarlamayıhedeflemektedir. Bu dönüşüm süreci, mekânın bağlamla kurduğu ilişkiyi ve kullanıcıda bıraktığı deneyim ve algı biçimlerini de doğrudan etkilemektedir. Kalıcı mekânlar, aidiyet hissi ve yer ile bütünleşme üzerinden bir deneyim sunarken; geçici mekânsal deneyim alanları, zamansızlık ve mekândan bağımsızlıkla daha özgür, deneysel ve yenilikçietkileşimler geliştirme imkânı yaratmaktadır. özgür, deneysel ve yenilikçi olanın deneyimi ise sanatsal üretimi de dönüştürmektedir. Bu dönüşüm, sanatsal temsilin mekanını ve bu tür mekanların imgesel değerlerini etkilemektedir.Kalıcı ile geçici arasında oluşan bu etkileşim, çağdaş teknolojiler ile yeni deneyim olanakları sunmakta ve birbirineevrilebilen dinamikler üretme potansiyeline sahiptir. Öte yandan bu ilişkilerdeki karşıtlık insanın farklı ölçeklerdekimekânsal algısında bir gerilim üretmektedir. Bu çalışma, kalıcı ve geçici mekân üretim biçimlerinin yer ile kurduklarıilişkileri, performans mekânlarındaki yansımaları üzerinden, örnekler araclığıyla analiz ederek tartışmayı ve bu gerilimin günümüzdeki anlamını irdelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. The human effort to organize the objects surrounding their environment emerges as the most distinctive trace oftheir relationship with the earth. Throughout history, while advancing intellectually and physically, humans havesimultaneously transformed this trace in alignment with their evolving development. The most tangible outcomeof this process has been spatial production. The human desire for the permanence of space, and the developmentof technologies to support this aspiration, are among the key indicators of this tendency. However, by the 21stcentury, alongside the enduring pursuit of permanence, the influence of the temporary on space and daily life hasbecome increasingly visible, marking a new rupture. Architecture and urban planning today aim not only to createpermanent structures but also to design temporary spatial experiences that respond to the speed and dynamismof the contemporary era. This process of transformation directly affects the relationship between space and context, as well as the modes of experience and perception it generates for users. While permanent spaces offer experiences rooted in a sense of belonging and integration with place, temporary spatial environments allow for moreliberated, experimental, and innovative interactions through their detachment from time and location. The experience fostered by this freedom, experimentation, and innovation also transforms artistic production. This evolutioninfluences the spatial representations of art and reshapes the symbolic values associated with such spaces. Theinterplay between permanence and temporariness, enabled by contemporary technologies, provides new experiential possibilities and produces dynamics that are capable of evolving into one another. Conversely, the tensionsemerging from this interaction generate a sense of spatial conflict across different scales of human perception. Thisstudy aims to analyze and discuss the relationship between permanence and temporariness through the reflectionsobserved in performance spaces, examining specific examples to explore the contemporary significance of thistension. </p