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Olağanüstü Durumlarda Adli Tıp Uygulamaları
No full textÖZET Deprem, maden kazası ve göçük altında kalma sonucu meydana gelen yaralanma ve ölüm olguları, hem tıbbi hem de adli açıdan çok yönlü değerlendirme gerektiren kompleks durumlardır. Bu çalışmada söz konusu olguların adli tıp perspektifinden medikolegal olarak değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.Afet ve kazalar sonrası oluşan yaralanma paternleri, travma mekanizmaları, ölüm nedenleri ve olay yeri bulguları incelenmiştir. Özellikle kurtarma sürecinin gecikmesi, hipoksi, ezilme sendromu ve enfeksiyon gibi komplikasyonların mortalite üzerinde belirleyici olduğu vurgulanmıştır. Ayrıca, adli raporlama sürecinde delil bütünlüğü, ölüm zamanı tayini ve kimliklendirme yöntemlerinin önemi tartışılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, bu tür olaylarda multidisipliner yaklaşım, standart protokollerin uygulanması ve postmortem bulguların dikkatli yorumlanması, hem adli süreçlerin sağlıklı yürütülmesi hem de toplumsal afet yönetimi açısından büyük önem taşımaktadır. ABSTRACT Injury and death cases arising from earthquakes, mining accidents, and entrapment under debris represent complex medico-legal challenges that require multidisciplinary assessment. This study aims to evaluate such cases from a forensic medicine perspective. Patterns of injury, trauma mechanisms, causes of death, and scene findings associated with disasters and occupational accidents were systematically analyzed. The results highlight that delayed rescue operations, hypoxia, crush syndrome, and secondary infections are major contributors to mortality. Additionally, the importance of evidence preservation, estimation of the postmortem interval, and reliable victim identification in forensic reporting was emphasized. In conclusion, adopting a multidisciplinary approach, adhering to standardized forensic protocols, and carefully interpreting autopsy findings are essential to ensure accuracy in forensic procedures and to enhance overall disaster response and management</p
Development of Nanoparticle-Hydrogel Drug Delivery System for Sustained Release of Anti-VEGF Peptide in Ocular Neovascularization Treatment
No full textVascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) is a critical factor in pathological neovascularization, making it the primary target for ocular anti-angiogenic therapies. Anti-VEGF treatments suffer from requiring frequent intraocular injections for effective treatment due to limited half-life. This study aimed to utilize a composite nanoparticle-hydrogel drug delivery system consisting of poly(glycerol sebacate) (PGS) nanoparticles and cross-linked hyaluronic acid hydrogel to achieve an extended release of anti-VEGF agent, HRH peptide, with the objective of reducing the frequency of intravitreal injections required for treatment of neovascular diseases. Our findings reveal a promising 42.54% ± 5.99% drug release from HA-PGS NP@HRH within the first 3 months, indicating potential for sustained drug release applications. Cell viability studies demonstrate biocompatibility with human retinal pigment epithelium (ARPE-19) cells and reveal anti-angiogenic effects by binding to VEGF receptors on human umbilical vein endothelial (HUVEC) cells, inhibiting VEGF activity, cell growth (with 55.19% cell viability), and tube formation of HUVECs. In vivo experiments with an oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) model demonstrated a suppression of neovascularization in mice treated with PGS NPs@HRH. Our research strives to contribute to the development of these new-generation materials, promising improved treatment efficacy and ultimately enhancing the quality of life for patients affected by these challenging conditions
Comparative investigation of Cx3cr1-Expressing Cardiac Macrophages in Atrioventricular Nodes of Wild-Type and Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia Mouse Model
No full textCardiac macrophages were recently discovered to regulate cardiomyocyte function at the atrioventricular (AV) nodes of healthy murine and human hearts. Macrophages and immune mediators have been implicated in ischemia-induced cardiac damage and arrhythmia; however, the relevance of macrophages in congenital arrhythmia pathogenesis remains unclear. Here, the wild-type (WT) mice and Calsequestrin2 gene null mutant (Casq2-/-) transgenic model of catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) were comparatively evaluated for cardiac macrophage population at the histological level. The localization and density of the chemokine receptor, Cx3cr1-expressing cardiac macrophages were investigated ex vivo in heart sections from WT and Casq2-/- mice at the AV node region using immunofluorescence, Masson's Trichrome, and Hematoxylin-Eosin staining. Cx3cr1+ cardiac macrophages were localized in all cardiac layers and chambers of the heart, as well as septum and valve roots. Cx3cr1+ macrophages were coimmunostained and confirmed for expression of CD68 as a pan-macrophage marker. Macrophages were detected in close proximity to the cTnT+ cardiomyocytes in the myocardium of both WT and Casq2-/- transgenic mice. Macrophage clusters were abundantly observed in the Hcn4 immunoreactive AV node region in healthy murine hearts. Subsequent quantification of signal intensities of Cx3cr1+ cardiac macrophages in the AV nodes in the Casq2-/- transgenic mice was significantly lower than in WT mice. These results demonstrated a decline in Cx3cr1+ cardiac macrophages in AV node regions of CPVT mouse hearts, which could imply a potential contribution to arrhythmia. Our findings could serve as a valuable source for future functional investigations of macrophages in the pathogenesis of congenital arrhythmia
Investigating the Integration of Computational Thinking into Mathematics through Pre-Service Math Teachers’ Instructional Designs
No full textLong-term endocrine and testicular outcomes in male survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia
No full textBackground and aim: Survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are at risk for long-term endocrine and gonadal dysfunction. While several studies have explored these risks in heterogeneous cancer survivor groups, data specific to ALL survivors remain limited. Herein, we aimed to evaluate late endocrine and gonadal effects in a homogeneous cohort of male childhood ALL survivors classified by risk groups, and to assess the predictive value of serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels for semen analysis outcomes. Methods: This cohort study included male survivors of childhood ALL treated between 2000 and 2020, classified as standard, intermediate, or high risk. Endocrine parameters, reproductive hormones, and semen analyses were evaluated. Results: Fifty-four survivors (mean age 17.5 ± 5.9 years) were included. Endocrine disorders were present in 40.7%, with obesity in 9.4%. Semen analysis (n = 33) revealed abnormal findings in 42.4% and azoospermia in 24.2%. The prevalence of gonadal dysfunction increased progressively from standard to high-risk groups. FSH thresholds of 3.55 mIU/mL was predictive of abnormal semen parameters (AUC: 0.88). AMH showed no predictive value for semen outcomes. Conclusions: This is the first study to evaluate gonadal outcomes through semen analysis in a homogeneous cohort of childhood ALL survivors stratified by risk group. Our findings support the use of FSH as a predictive marker of impaired spermatogenesis, while AMH appears to have no predictive value. The study also highlights the need for early reproductive counseling and consideration of fertility preservation strategies, especially in high-risk patients
The active acoustic metamaterial cell for nonreciprocal sound transmission in a broad frequency band
No full textThis article presents a theoretical study of the active acoustic metamaterial cell for nonreciprocal sound transmission in a broad frequency band. In order to achieve the nonreciprocity, dislocated sensor-actuator pairs are used. This contrasts with traditional vibroacoustic active control methods which rely on collocated sensor-actuator pairs to ensure the closed-loop system stability. The cell is activated with two independent decentralised velocity feedback loops, connecting feedback actuators to dislocated sensors through a constant feedback gain. Transducers induce spatially asymmetric control force which makes the propagation of acoustic energy through the cell direction-dependent and thus nonreciprocal. Despite the fact that the two decentralised feedback loops are based on dislocated transducers, and the distributed parameter nature of the cell, simple and practical conditions for a stable closed-loop system with efficient and broadband performance of the active cell are found. Special attention is paid to the power analysis of the reflected and transmitted waves, and the power dissipated within the metamaterial cell. It is theoretically shown that sound power transmission coefficient through the active cell is significantly different in two opposite directions of propagation at a broadband frequency range from 10 to 1500 Hz
KOCAELİ ŞEHİR HASTANESİ KADIN HASTALIKLARI VE DOĞUM POLİKLİNİĞİNE BAŞVURAN GEBELERDE GIDA GÜVENCESİZLİĞİ, GEBELİK DÖNEMİ VE DOĞUM SONUÇLARININ İNCELENMESİ
No full textBrakiterapi Alan Jinekolojik Onkoloji Hastalarının Ağrı ve Bilişsel Semptomlarında Depresyonun Aracı Rolü
No full textEvaluation of slow-release permanganate gel under static and dynamic flow conditions for the in-situ treatment of trichloroethene
No full textRemediating chlorinated solvent plumes such as trichloroethene (TCE) and tetrachloroethene (PCE) in groundwater remains a major challenge. In this study, a novel slow-release permanganate gel (SRP-G) technique offers promise for controlled, sustained permanganate (MnO4-) release to oxidize these contaminants in situ. Batch experiments assessed the gelling behavior and TCE degradation potential of two SRP- G amendments (NaMnO4 and KMnO4), while column tests examined MnO4- release under varying flow rates in saturated porous media. Batch results showed an initial lag in gelation followed by rapid viscosity increases. Higher SRP-G amendment concentrations produced greater MnO4- release and enhanced TCE degradation, reducing TCE concentrations from similar to 50-60 mg/L to 30-35 mg/L within 60 min. Column experiments revealed that under 3.4 mL/min and 6.9 mL/min flow conditions, respectively, the KMnO4 SRP-G amendment yielded a longer MnO4- release duration at a lower SRP-G concentration compared to the NaMnO4 SRP-G amendment, indicating that the KMnO4 SRP-G amendment is more suitable for long-term remediation. Modeling using the fractional advection-dispersion equation successfully captured MnO4- release profiles, illustrating multi-rate mass transfer processes (associated with the slow-release effect of permanganate (oxidant)) and supporting the potential of SRP-G as an effective long-term remediation strategy for chlorinated solvent plumes
A trio-based feature extraction framework for bird sounds classification
No full textBird species identification is crucial for environmental monitoring, ecological studies, and species tracking. Automated bird sound classification systems have been developed to achieve precise species detection. While deep learning models offer high accuracy, their computational complexity poses challenges for resource-limited environments. To address this, we propose a novel lightweight and highly accurate bird sound classification model utilizing a multilevel feature generation framework named AvisPat, derived from the Latin term "Avis" (bird), emphasizing its focus on avian bioacoustics. The AvisPat model leverages a 7-level discrete wavelet transform (DWT) to decompose audio signals, extracting signum, upper ternary, and lower ternary features to capture diverse signal attributes. For feature selection, an enhanced iterative Neighborhood Component Analysis (NCA) and ReliefF methods are applied iteratively to select the most discriminative features, generating multiple feature subsets. These features are classified using k-Nearest Neighbor (k-NN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifiers. In addition, the proposed model achieved 96.72% accuracy on a separate Xeno-Canto dataset containing 10 bird species from diverse geographic regions, demonstrating strong generalization capability. The 'trio' in AvisPat is chosen because the combination of signum, ternary features extracted via 7-level discrete wavelet transform comprehensively captures the time, frequency, and amplitude aspects of bird sounds, enhancing the model's ability to distinguish between species with high accuracy